Ngaba ugqirha wakho wakha wakuxelela ukuba "igazi elincinci livuza umva lisuka kwivalvu yentliziyo"? Okanye wakha wakuxelela ukuba oku kungaba sisizathu sentlungu nokudinwa okuzivayo? Enyanisweni, olunye unyango oluqhutywa kwiimeko ezinjalo lubizwa ngokuba yi-'Annuloplasty'. Oku kusenokuvakala njengegama elinzima, kodwa ngenene kulula kakhulu. Kweli nqaku, siza kuthetha ngale nto ngokulula, ngendlela onokuyiqonda.
Yintoni i-Annuloplasty?
Ukuze siqonde oku, masiqale sithethe kancinci ngeevalvu ezintliziyweni zethu. Khawuthelekelele ukuba intliziyo yakho ifana nendlu enamagumbi amane. Kukho iingcango ezine phakathi kwala magumbi. Ezi ngcango zezo sizibiza ngokuba ziivalvu. Ezi ngcango zinophawu olukhethekileyo. Zivuleka kwicala elinye kuphela. Oko kukuthi, emva kokuba igazi lidlulile ukusuka kwelinye igumbi ukuya kwelinye, olu cango luyavalwa, luthintele igazi ukuba lingaphumi kwakhona. Yile nto eyenzekayo entliziyweni ephilileyo.
Kodwa ngamanye amaxesha, ezi ngcango, okanye iivalvu, azivaleki kakuhle. Kufana nesitshixo esiphukileyo emnyango. Kwenzeka ntoni ke ngoko? Igazi elithile liyavuza kwakhona, okanye liyavuza. Kwizonyango, esi sibiza le meko ngokuthi yi-valve regurgitation . Xa oku kusenzeka, intliziyo kufuneka isebenze nzima kunesiqhelo. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, oku akulunganga entliziyweni.
Ngamafutshane, i-annuloplasty lutyando lokulungisa okanye ukuqinisa ivalvu yentliziyo evuzayo ngolu hlobo.
Kule nkqubo, ugqirha otyandayo ubeka ibhande okanye iringi ekhethekileyo ejikeleze iringi ejikeleze ivalvu yentliziyo yakho (ebizwa ngokuba yi-'annulus') aze ayiqinise. Cinga ngayo njengokubeka isakhelo esincinci ejikeleze ucango olungavalwa kakuhle. Emva kokuba iringi ifakiwe, iiflephu ezimbini zevalvu ziqala ukuvala kakuhle kwakhona. Oku kuthintela igazi ekuvuzeni phantse ngokupheleleyo.
Yintoni iRingi yeAnnuloplasty?
Indandatho esetyenzisiweyo kolu tyando sisixhobo esikhethekileyo. Ingenziwa ngezinto ezifana ne-mesh, isinyithi, okanye iplastiki. Yenzelwe ukulingana nentshukumo yendalo kunye nokuguquguquka kwevalvu yentliziyo yakho.
Xa oku kufakwe entliziyweni, kuhlala kukho ngonaphakade . Akukaze kususwe. Kuba yinxalenye yentliziyo ngokwayo, kunceda ivalvu ivuleke kwaye ivale kakuhle.
Ngubani odinga olu tyando?
Olu tyando lufuneka kakhulu kubantu abanesi simo esisithethe ngaso ngaphambili , apho igazi livuza ngasemva ngevalvu yentliziyo (iValve Regurgitation) . Olu tyando lunokwenziwa nakweyiphi na kwiivalvu ezine eziphambili entliziyweni yethu.
- I-Mitral Valve Annuloplasty: Olu lolona hlobo lwenziwa rhoqo.
- I-Annuloplasty yeValve ye-Aortic: Le nkqubo ikwasetyenziselwa ukulungisa ivalve ye-aortic.
- I-Pulmonary Valve Annuloplasty: Oku kunqabile kancinci, kodwa kwenziwa ukuba kuyimfuneko.
- I-Tricuspid Valve Annuloplasty: Olu tyando lukwaphumelele nakwiindawo ezivuzayo kule valve.
Ugqirha wakho uza kugqiba ukuba olu tyando luyimfuneko na ngokwenza iimvavanyo ezahlukeneyo (umzekelo, i-echocardiogram) aze ahlole imeko yevalvu yakho.
Yintoni umahluko phakathi kwe-Annuloplasty kunye ne-Valvuloplasty?
La magama mabini adla ngokubhideka. Kodwa kule meko, kwenzeka izinto ezimbini ezahlukeneyo ngokupheleleyo. Masiwuqonde kakuhle lo mahluko.
| Ingongoma | I-Annuloplasty | I-Valvuloplasty |
|---|---|---|
| Injongo ephambili | Ukuqinisa/ukuvala ivalvu evuza igazi ngasemva. | Ukuvula/ukwandisa ivalvu evalekileyo okanye enciphileyo. |
| Imeko enyangwayo | Ukulungiswa kweValve | I-Valve Stenosis |
| Indlela yokwenza | Ukubeka iringi ekhethekileyo ejikeleze ivalvu. | Ukudlulisa ibhaluni kwivalvu uze uyivuthele ukuze kuncitshiswe ukuvaleka. |
Ngaba zikho ezinye iindlela?
Ewe. I-Annuloplasty ayenziwa kuyo yonke i-valve evuzayo. Umzekelo, xa kuvuza i-mitral valve, kusetyenziswa i-clip encinci ebizwa ngokuba yi-'MitraClip' ngamanye amaxesha. Oku kwenziwa ngokudlulisa ityhubhu encinci emthanjeni. Ngoko ke yinkqubo elula kunotyando. Ugqirha wakho uya kugqiba ukuba loluphi unyango olulungele wena.
Kwenzeka ntoni ngaphambi nasemva kotyando?
Ngaphambi kotyando
Ugqirha wakho uza kukunika imiyalelo ecacileyo yendlela yokulungiselela utyando.
- Uhlala ucelwa ukuba uzile ukutya (ungatyi kwaye ungaseli) ngobusuku obungaphambi kotyando.
- Ukuba usemngciphekweni wokopha (umzekelo, ukuba ukopha kuthatha ixesha elide ukuyeka), kufuneka uxelele ugqirha wakho ngaloo nto.
- Ukuba uthatha amayeza okunciphisa igazi (afana ne-anticoagulants), ungacelwa ukuba uyeke okwethutyana ukuwathatha kwiintsuku ezimbalwa ngaphambi kotyando. Oku kufuneka kwenziwe kuphela emva kwengcebiso kagqirha.
Ngexesha lotyando
Olu tyando lwenziwa ngoogqirha bentliziyo. Unikwa i-anesthesia jikelele , ukuze ungeva nto ngexesha lotyando, ulele. Olu tyando lunokwenziwa ngeendlela ezimbini eziphambili.
| Indlela yotyando | Indlela yokwenza |
|---|---|
| I-Annuloplasty evulekileyo yentliziyo | Ugqirha wenza umngxuma omkhulu esifubeni. Emva koko, iringi ibekwa ijikeleze ivalvu ekuthethwa ngayo kwaye umngxuma uvalwe ngezitishi. |
| I-Annuloplasty engaphantsi kakhulu (ngokusebenzisa imingxunya emincinci) | Oku akubandakanyi ukusikwa okukhulu. Kwenziwa imingxunya emininzi emincinci esifubeni, kwaye kufakwa ityhubhu enekhamera (i-endoscope) ngesinye. Izixhobo ezincinci zotyando zifakwa ngezinye izigcawu, kwaye iringi ifakwa ngelixa ujonga imifanekiso ebonwa kwikhamera. Ezi zigcawu zincinci emva koko zivalwa ngezititshi okanye uhlobo oluthile lweglue yotyando. |
Emva kotyando
Emva kotyando, uza kubekwa esweni kwindawo yokuchacha kangangeeyure ezimbalwa. Ukuba wenze utyando olungenabungozi kangako, uya kukwazi ukuya ekhaya emva kosuku olunye okanye ezimbini. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba wenze utyando lwentliziyo evulekileyo, kunokufuneka uhlale esibhedlele kangangeentsuku ezisixhenxe.
Iingenelo, iingozi, kunye nexesha lokuchacha kolu tyando
Zithini iingenelo?
- Yomeleza ivalvu evuzayo.
- Ukujikeleza kwegazi entliziyweni kulungile kakhulu.
- Umzamo wentliziyo wokupompa igazi uyancipha.
- Kwabaninzi, ezi ziphumo zihlala ubomi bonke .
Ngaba kukho naziphi na iingozi?
Njengalo naluphi na utyando, kukho iingozi ezithile. Kukho izinto onokuzenza emva kotyando, ezinje ngosulelo kunye nokopha. Kodwa ezi azixhaphakanga kakhulu. Umngcipheko wakho uxhomekeke kwimpilo yakho kunye nezinye iingxaki zentliziyo.
Kungcono ukuthetha ngokukhululekileyo nogqirha wakho malunga neengozi ezithile ezichaphazela imeko yakho.
Kuthatha ixesha elingakanani ukuphiliswa?
Oku kuxhomekeke nakuhlobo lotyando olwenzileyo.
- Kungcono ungenzi msebenzi unzima okanye imisebenzi enzima ubuncinane iveki emva kotyando.
- Ukuba yenziwe kancinci kancinci, uya kukwazi ukubuyela emsebenzini emva kweveki okanye ezimbini.
- Kodwa ukuba wenza umsebenzi onzima emzimbeni, kuya kufuneka ulinde ixesha elide.
- Ugqirha wakho uza kukuxelela ngokucacileyo into omawuyenze nento omawungayenzi ngexesha lokuchacha kwakho. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukulandela loo miyalelo ngokuchanekileyo.
Ihlala ixesha elingakanani le ring yokuthembisana?
Le yingxaki abantu abaninzi abanayo. Le ring yenzelwe ukuba ihlale amashumi eminyaka, iminyaka engama-20 okanye engama-30 ngaphandle kweengxaki . Uninzi lwabantu alusayi kuphinda lufune unyango ngenxa yoku ebomini babo.
Into emangalisayo ngale nto kukuba ngokuhamba kwexesha, intliziyo yakho ikhula ijikeleze le ring. Yile ndlela kanye ekufanele ukuba ibe yiyo. Enyanisweni, le ring iba yinxalenye yentliziyo yakho.
Ndifanele ndibonane nogqirha nini?
Xa ubuyela ekhaya emva kotyando, kufuneka unikele ingqalelo engakumbi emzimbeni wakho. Ukuba ufumana naziphi na iimpawu ezingezantsi, kufuneka ufowunele ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko , okanye uye kwiSebe leNgxamiseko (ETU) lesibhedlele esikufutshane.
- Ukuba unentlungu esifubeni (i-angina) .
- Ukuba uziva intloko ebuhlungu okanye uphelelwa ngamandla (syncope) .
- Ukuba uziva ngathi unomkhuhlane okanye uqhaqhazela ngenxa yokubanda .
- Ukuba uziva unesicaphucaphu okanye uhlanza .
- Ukuba kukho intlungu okanye ukudumba okungapholiyo kwindawo yotyando okanye emilenzeni.
Musa ukuzityeshela ezi mpawu. Ukuzazisa kwangethuba kunokuthintela ingxaki enkulu ekukhuleni kwayo.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-Annuloplasty lutyando oluphumeleleyo lokulungisa ivalvu entliziyweni evuza igazi ngasemva.
- Kule nto, kubekwa isangqa esikhethekileyo esijikeleze ivalvu, siyilungisa ukuze ivaleke kakuhle.
- Olu tyando lunokwenziwa njengotyando lwentliziyo evulekileyo okanye ngokusikwa okuncinci (okuncinci okungenayo).
- Ixesha lokuchacha kunye nokuhlala esibhedlele kuxhomekeke kuhlobo lotyando.
- Le ring yokuthembisana ihlala ixesha elide kwaye iya kuhlala amashumi eminyaka ngaphandle kweengxaki.
- Emva kotyando, landela imiyalelo kagqirha wakho ngokuchanekileyo. Qaphela iimpawu ezilumkisayo.
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