Ngaba wakha waqaphela ukuba umlomo wakho uhlala womile, amehlo akho afiphele kancinci, okanye isisu sakho sihlala somile ngenxa yamayeza athile owathathayo? Usenokucinga ukuba oku kubangelwa kukugula kwakho. Nangona kunjalo, isizathu soku kukuba uthatha amayeza ngokungazi aneempawu ze-anticholinergic. Ungakhathazeki, oku kuqhelekile kakhulu. Namhlanje, siza kuthetha ngale nto ngendlela elula onokuyiqonda.
Zithini kanye kanye ezi mithi ze-anticholinergic?
Eli gama lisenokuvakala liyinkimbinkimbi kancinci. Kodwa ibali lilula kakhulu. Inkqubo yemithambo-luvo yomzimba wethu yinethiwekhi emangalisayo kakhulu. Yiyo le nto ilawula yonke into ukusuka kwiingcinga zethu, iintshukumo, ukuphefumla, kunye nokubetha kwentliziyo. Kukho "abathunywa" kule nkqubo yemithambo-luvo ukuhambisa imiyalezo. Njengabantu abahambisa iileta eposini. Sibabiza aba bathunywa ngokuthi `(Neurotransmitters)`.
Esinye isithunywa esibaluleke kakhulu yi -acetylcholine .
Ngoku masibone ukuba yintoni umsebenzi ophambili wale 'Acetylcholine'. Kukho iinxalenye ezimbini eziphambili zenkqubo yethu ye-autonomic nervous.
1. Inkqubo yovelwano: Le yinkqubo yethu "yokulwa okanye ukubaleka". Ngamafutshane, le nkqubo isilungiselela ukujongana nongxamiseko, uloyiko, okanye isoyikiso. Ifana ne-accelerator emotweni. Xa isebenza, iintliziyo zethu zibetha ngokukhawuleza, amehlo ethu ayavuleka, size sibile.
2. Inkqubo ye-Parasympathetic: Le yinkqubo yethu "yokuphumla nokugaya". Oku kuthetha ukuba le nkqubo inceda umzimba ukuba uzole, wetyise ukutya, kwaye uphumle. Ifana neebhuleki zemoto. Isithunywa sethu esibizwa ngokuba yi-'Acetylcholine' sisebenza kakhulu kule nkqubo.
Kulungile, ngoku uyayiqonda imvelaphi yebali, akunjalo? Amayeza e-Anticholinergic asebenza ngokuphazamisa umsebenzi waloo mthunywa obizwa ngokuba yi-'Acetylcholine'. Oko kuthetha ukuba xa loo mthunywa esiya kwindawo apho kufuneka adlulisele khona umyalezo wakhe, loo ndawo (i-receptor) iyavalwa. Emva koko umsebenzi waloo nkqubo "yokuzola" (i-Parasympathetic) uncipha kancinci.
Ngamafutshane, amayeza e-anticholinergic athintela okwethutyana isenzo sesithunywa esilawula iinkqubo zokuphumla nezolileyo emzimbeni wethu.
Zeziphi izifo ezisetyenziselwa eli yeza?
Kukho amayeza angaphezu kwama-600 aneempawu zokulwa ne-cholinergic. Amanye amayeza enzelwe ukusebenzisa eli lungelo le-anticholinergic ukunyanga izifo. Amanye amayeza aneli lungelo njengesiphumo esibi.
Kwitheyibhile engezantsi, makhe sijonge iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zamayeza asebenzisa kakhulu le mpahla yokulwa ne-cholinergic ukunyanga izifo.
| Igama leyeza (umzekelo) | Sebenzisa amatyala kunye nenkcazo elula |
|---|---|
| I-Atropine | Eli liyeza elisetyenziswa rhoqo kwiSebe leNgxamiseko (ETU). Lisetyenziselwa ukunyanga i-bradycardia xa isantya sentliziyo sicotha kakhulu, kwaye njengonyango lokutyhefa okuvela kwiizinambuzane ezithile. Kwimeko yetyhefu, ugqirha wakho uya kuqhagamshelana neZiko loLwazi lweeTyhefu zeSizwe kwiSibhedlele sikaZwelonke ukuze afumane ingcebiso engaphezulu. |
| I-Ipratropium / iTiotropium | Ezi zifumaneka kwi-inhaler ezinikwa abantu abanezifo zokuphefumla ezifana ne-asthma kunye ne-COPD. La mayeza anceda ukwandisa iindlela zomoya kwaye enze ukuphefumla kube lula. |
| I-Oxybutynin / iSolifenacin | Ezi zinikwa ukunyanga ukungakwazi ukuzibamba, imeko apho kufuneka uchame rhoqo kwaye ube nobunzima bokulawula ukuhamba komchamo wakho. La mayeza asebenza ngokunciphisa ukuxinana kwemisipha kwisinyi. |
| I-Scopolamine | Ezi zisetyenziselwa ukunyanga ukuhlanza kunye nesicaphucaphu esibangelwa kukuhamba ngeebhasi neenqanawa (isicaphucaphu sokuhamba). Ngamanye amaxesha ziza ngendlela ye-patch. |
| IBenztropine / iTrihexyphenidyl | Eli yeza linceda ukulawula iimpawu ezifana nokungcangcazela okubangelwa sisifo sikaParkinson. |
| I-Diphenhydramine | Amayeza amaninzi asetyenziselwa i-allergies (umz., i-piritan) aqulathe ezi zinto. Le mpawu ye-anticholinergic yeyona nto ibangela ukuba uzive ulele kwaye unomlomo owomileyo xa uzisela ezi zinto. |
Amayeza aneli lungelo njengesiphumo esibi
Kukho amayeza athile, nangona umsebenzi wawo ophambili ungenye into, anefuthe le-anticholinergic njengesiphumo esibi.
- Amanye amayeza amadala asetyenziswa ukunyanga izifo ezinje ngokudakumba (iiTricyclic antidepressants). Amanye amayeza ('Amayeza e-Antipsychotic') anikwa izifo zengqondo ezinzima ezifana ne-schizophrenia .
- Amayeza amaninzi okunyanga i-allergies (`Antihistamines`).
Zithini iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zamayeza okulwa ne-cholinergic?
Ngoku mhlawumbi uyaqonda ukuba kutheni la mayeza ebangela umlomo owomileyo kunye nokungaboni kakuhle. Xa sinciphisa ukusebenza kwaloo nkqubo "yokuzola", uninzi lwezinto ezilawulwa yiloo nkqubo ziyachaphazeleka.
Kukho isaci sesiNgesi esisetyenziswa ngoogqirha ukukhumbula ezi ziphumo bezingalindelekanga. "Ushushu njengomvundla, uyimfama njengelulwane, womile njengethambo, ubomvu njengebhithi , uphambene njengomnqwazi". Oku kuthetha "Ushushu njengomvundla, uyimfama njengelulwane, womile njengethambo, ubomvu njengebhithi, uphambene njengomnqwazi". Oku kwenza kube lula ukukhumbula iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga eziphambili.
Makhe sijonge nje ezi ziphumo ebezingalindelekanga kunye nezizathu zazo kwitheyibhile engezantsi.
| Imiphumela | Kalula nje, kwenzeka ntoni? |
|---|---|
| Umlomo owomileyo kunye namehlo | Inkqubo "ezolileyo" ivuselela ukuveliswa kwamathe kunye neenyembezi. Xa ingasebenzi kakuhle, amathe kunye neenyembezi nazo azivelisi kakhulu. |
| Umbono ofipheleyo | Izihlunu ezitshintsha ubungakanani bomfundi ziyachaphazeleka, nto leyo eyenza kube nzima ukubona izinto kufutshane. Abafundi baba baninzi (ii-dilated pupils). |
| Ubunzima bokuchama (Ukugcinwa komchamo) | Njengoko izihlunu zesinyi zingasaguquguquki kangako, kuba nzima ukukhupha yonke into kwisinyi. |
| Ukuqhinwa | Intshukumo yamathumbu enxulumene nenkqubo yokugaya ukutya iyehla. |
| Ukubetha kwentliziyo ngokukhawuleza (iTachycardia) | Isantya sentliziyo sinyuka ngaphezu kwamanqanaba aqhelekileyo kuba "i-brake" elawula ukubetha kwentliziyo ibuthathaka. |
| Ukudideka / Ukutshintsha kwesimo sengqondo | I-Acetylcholine ibalulekile nakwinkqubo yokukhumbula kunye neengcinga engqondweni. Xa iphazamiseka, ingakumbi kubantu abadala, inokukhokelela ekudidekeni. |
| I-Hyperthermia kunye nolusu oluthambileyo | Ukubila yindlela umzimba olawula ngayo ubushushu. La mayeza anokunciphisa ukubila, nto leyo enokunyusa ubushushu bomzimba. |
Linini ixesha ekufuneka ubone ugqirha ngalo?
Ukuba unikwe iyeza lokulwa ne-cholinergic, iingenelo zokulisebenzisa zingaphezulu kakhulu kunemiphumo emibi. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba ufumana nayiphi na kwezi zilandelayo, qiniseka ukuba uthetha nogqirha wakho.
- Ukuba isigulo sakho asivakali singcono ngamayeza.
- Ukuba unengxaki yokusela amayeza njengoko ugqirha ekuyalele (umz. ukuba unengxaki ngenxa yeziphumo ebezingalindelekanga).
- Ukuba iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zeyeza zimbi ngokwaneleyo ukuba zingaphazamisana nemisebenzi yakho yemihla ngemihla (ukuya emsebenzini, ukuqhuba imoto, ukufunda).
Khawucinge nje, unesifo sesifuba, kwaye i-inhaler oyinikwayo yenza kube lula ukuphefumla, kodwa umlomo wakho womile kakhulu. Okanye unengxaki yokulawula umchamo wakho kwaye iyeza olinikwayo lenza umbono wakho ungabonakali kakuhle. Kwimeko enjalo, xa uthetha nogqirha wakho, unokutshintsha umthamo weyeza okanye akunike elinye iyeza elinika iziphumo ezifanayo.
Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba, ukuba unengxaki, ungayeki ukuthatha amayeza akho okanye utshintshe umthamo ngokwakho. Soloko uthetha nogqirha wakho kwaye ulandele iingcebiso zakhe.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Amayeza e-anticholinergic asebenza ngokuthintela isenzo se-chemical messenger (i-Acetylcholine) esebenza kwinkqubo "yokuzola" yomzimba wethu.
- Eli yeza lisetyenziswa njengonyango lwezifo ezininzi, ezifana ne-asthma, isifo sikaParkinson, kunye nokungakwazi ukuzibamba komchamo.
- Amanye amayeza okulwa nee-allergies kunye nokudakumba nawo ane-anticholinergic property njengesiphumo esibi.
- Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga eziqhelekileyo ziquka umlomo owomileyo, ukubona okufipheleyo, isisu esibuhlungu, ukubetha kwentliziyo ngokukhawuleza, kunye nokudideka.
- Ukuba ukhathazekile ngemiphumo emibi yeyeza olisebenzisayo, ungoyiki ukuthetha ngalo okanye wenze izigqibo ngokwakho, kodwa ngokuqinisekileyo thetha nogqirha wakho.
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