Ngaba ngamanye amaxesha uziva ukruqukile yinto yonke, ungafuni kwenza nto, uze uzive ulusizi nje? Okanye ngaba unomdla wokuxhalaba nokoyika nezinto ezincinci? Ukuba ezi zinto azipheli emva kweentsuku ezimbalwa kwaye ziyaqhubeka, unokuba nesifo esifana nokudakumba okanye ixhala. Ezi ziimeko ezidlula kakhulu intlungu eqhelekileyo kwaye zifuna unyango. Namhlanje sithetha ngamayeza okudakumba, uhlobo lwamayeza adla ngokucetyiswa ngoogqirha kwiingxaki ezinjalo zempilo yengqondo.
Zithini ezi zinto zokuthomalalisa uxinezeleko?
Ngamafutshane, amayeza okudakumba luhlobo lwamayeza asetyenziswa ukunyanga iimeko zempilo yengqondo ezifana nokudakumba, ixhala, kunye nesifo soxinzelelo emva kwengozi (PTSD). Ngamanye amaxesha asetyenziswa ukunyanga ezinye iingxaki zokutya, iintlungu ezingapheliyo, kunye nokungalali.
Ukudakumba kungaphezulu nje kokuva usizi. Yimeko engapheliyo echaphazela indlela ovakalelwa ngayo, iingcinga, amandla, kunye nomdla wokwenza izinto. Ungaphelelwa ngumdla kwizinto obuzithanda ngaphambili. Usenokuba nengxaki yokukhumbula izinto, ukutya kakuhle, kunye nokulala kakuhle.
Into ebalulekileyo kukuba la mayeza anciphisa kuphela iimpawu zakho (ezifana nokudakumba nokudinwa), kodwa awasusi unobangela wesifo. Yiyo loo nto oogqirha bedla ngokucebisa unyango lwengqondo, oko kukuthi unyango lokuthetha, kunye nala mayeza.
Zeziphi iimeko ezisetyenziswa leli yeza?
Oogqirha kwihlabathi liphela baye bavuma la mayeza okudakumba ikakhulu ngenxa yezi meko zilandelayo:
| Imeko yesifo | Ingcaciso elula |
|---|---|
| Ukudakumba kunye neemeko ezinxulumene noko | Iimeko ezifana neMajor Depression Disorder. |
| Iingxaki zokuxhalaba | Izinto ezifana ne-Generalized Anxiety Disorder kunye ne-Social Anxiety Disorder. |
| Ukuxhuzula | Imeko yokutshintshatshintsha kweemvakalelo ngokugqithisileyo. |
| Isifo Sokuxhalaba Okugqithisileyo (OCD) | Iingcinga ezingafunekiyo eziphindaphindwayo kunye nokuziphatha okubangelwa zizo. |
| Ingxaki yoXinzelelo | Uloyiko olugqithisileyo ngequbuliso kunye neempawu zomzimba. |
| Ingxaki Yoxinzelelo Emva Kwengozi (PTSD) | Imeko yengqondo eyenzeka emva kwesiganeko esibuhlungu. |
| Iingxaki zokutya | Iimeko ezifana neBulimia Nervosa. |
| Ezinye iimeko | Intlungu Engapheliyo, iFibromyalgia, Intlungu Yemithambo-luvo Enxulumene Nesifo Seswekile, kunye Nesifo Sokuphazamiseka Kwengqondo Ngaphambi Kokuya Exesheni (PMDD). |
Ukongeza, ngamanye amaxesha ugqirha angakunika amayeza kwimeko engavunywanga ngokusemthethweni. Oku kubizwa ngokuba "kukusetyenziswa ngaphandle kweleyibhile." Umzekelo, ezinye ii-antidepressants ezindala zinikwa abantu abanengxaki yokungalali okanye iintloko ezibuhlungu.
Ziziphi iintlobo eziphambili zemithi yokudakumba?
Kukho iintlobo ezininzi eziphambili, okanye iindidi, zala mayeza. Nganye kuzo isebenza ngendlela eyahlukileyo kancinci.
| Uhlobo lweyeza | Indlela esebenza ngayo ilula. |
|---|---|
| Ii-SSRI (ii-Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors) | Ezi zisebenza ngokwandisa ikhemikhali engqondweni yakho ebizwa ngokuba yi-serotonin, elawula indlela esivakalelwa ngayo. Ezi zezona zisetyenziswa kakhulu. |
| Ii-SNRI (ii-Serotonin-Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitors) | Ezi zinto zonyusa i-serotonin kunye nekhemikhali ebizwa ngokuba yi-norepinephrine, enceda kwimvakalelo, uxinzelelo kunye nokuphaphama. |
| Ii-Tricyclic Antidepressants | Oku kuyawonyusa omabini la machiza akhankanyiweyo apha ngasentla. Nangona kunjalo, ekubeni la mayeza emdala, aneziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezingakumbi. |
| Ii-MAOI (ii-Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors) | Ezi zivimba i-enzyme eqhekeza iikhemikhali engqondweni, zinyusa amanqanaba ezo khemikhali. Ezi nazo ziluhlobo oludala. |
| Ezinye iintlobo (Ii-Antipative Atypical Antidepressants) | Amayeza amatsha angekho phantsi kwala macandelo angasentla kwaye asebenza ngokwahlukileyo awela phantsi kolu didi. |
Rhoqo, ugqirha uqala ngamayeza e-SSRI kuqala, kuba aneziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezimbalwa kunezinye iintlobo.
Lisebenza njani eli yeza ngokwenene?
Ukuze sikuqonde oku, kufuneka sazi okuncinci ngengqondo. Ii-neurotransmitters zizithunywa zeekhemikhali ezisetyenziswa ziiseli zemithambo-luvo kwingqondo yethu ukuze zinxibelelane. I-Serotonin kunye ne-norepinephrine ziikhemikhali ezinjalo. Kwiimeko ezifana nokudakumba, ibhalansi yezi khemikhali iyaphazamiseka.
Amayeza okudakumba asebenza ngokulawula la machiza nokubuyisela ibhalansi yawo, nto leyo enokuphucula indlela ovakalelwa ngayo nendlela oziphatha ngayo.
Kwakhona, xa uqhubeka nokusela eli yeza, ingqondo iyakwazi ukwenza unxibelelwano olutsha phakathi kweeseli zemithambo-luvo. Kufana nokugquma indlela endala, enemingxuma kunye nokwakha entsha, engcono. Oku sikubiza ngokuba yi-neuroplasticity. Oku kunokukhokelela ekuphuculeni okuhlala kuhleli kwimo yakho ngokuhamba kwexesha.
Ndingayisebenzisa njani le yeza?
La mayeza adla ngokuza kwifomu yeepilisi. Xa uqala ukuwasela, ugqirha wakho uya kukuqala ngedosi ephantsi kangangoko. Emva koko, baya kukujonga rhoqo baze bonyuse idosi kancinci kancinci ukuba kuyimfuneko.
Into ebalulekileyo kukuba, oku akufani nokusela ipilisi yeparacetamol. Kungathatha iiveki ezimbalwa, mhlawumbi inyanga okanye ezimbini, ukuba iyeza lisebenze kwaye uzive ungcono. Ngoko ke kufuneka ube nomonde.
Wakuba uzive ungcono, kufuneka uqhubeke nokusela amayeza njengoko kuyalelwe ngugqirha wakho. Musa ukuyeka ukuwasela amayeza ngequbuliso kuba nje uzive ungcono. Ukwenza njalo kunokubangela iimpawu ezingathandekiyo (ezifana nomkhuhlane, isiyezi, kunye nokungalali). Ngoko ke, ukuba uyeka ukuwasela amayeza, kufuneka wenze njalo ngokwemiyalelo kagqirha wakho, unciphise kancinci umthamo.
Ndingayikhetha njani iyeza elifanelekileyo kum?
Oku akuyonto omele uyikhethe wedwa. Ugqirha wakho uza kukhetha iyeza elifanelekileyo kuwe. Uza kuqwalasela izinto ezininzi.
- Iimpawu zakho: Ngaba uhlala ukhathazekile? Uxhalabile?
- Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga: Amanye amayeza abangela ukozela, ngelixa amanye ebangela ukutyeba.
- Nokuba iza kusebenzisana namanye amayeza osele uwasebenzisa: La mayeza anokusebenzisana namanye amayeza.
- Ezinye izifo onazo: Ukuba unezinye izifo ezifana nesifo sentliziyo okanye isifo seswekile, nazo ziya kuqwalaselwa.
Cinga ngako oku, ukuba uceba ukuba nomntwana, xelela ugqirha wakho ngako. Kuba kukho amayeza akhuselekileyo ngexesha lokukhulelwa. Ngoko ke kubaluleke kakhulu ukuxoxa ngazo zonke iinkcukacha zakho nogqirha wakho.
Ngamanye amaxesha iyeza lokuqala olinikwayo lisenokungasebenzi kakuhle. Ukuba oko kuyenzeka, ungakhathazeki. Yinto eqhelekileyo leyo. Ungathetha nogqirha wakho uze utshintshe umthamo okanye utshintshele kwelinye iyeza.
Zithini iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zemithi yokudakumba?
Njengazo zonke amayeza, eli yeza linokuba neziphumo ebezingalindelekanga. Nangona kunjalo, uninzi lwexesha, ezi azibi zimbi kwaye ziya kuncipha ngokuhamba kwexesha njengoko uqhubeka nokusebenzisa eli yeza. Ezinye zeziphumo ebezingalindelekanga eziqhelekileyo ziquka:
- Isicaphucaphu
- Umlomo owomileyo
- Ukozela okanye ukungalali
- Isiyezi
- Intloko ebuhlungu
- Ukuncipha komnqweno wesondo
- Ukutyeba kwakho
- Ukubila
Ukuba ukhathazekile ngayo nayiphi na kwezi ziphumo ebezingalindelekanga, xelela ugqirha wakho ngayo.
Umngcipheko othile ekufuneka uwuqaphele
Kukho into ekhethekileyo ekufuneka sithethe ngayo apha. Kukho umngcipheko omncinci wokuba iingcinga zokuzibulala zinokwanda xa umntu ongaphantsi kweminyaka engama-24 eqala ukuthatha eli yeza, ingakumbi kwiiveki ezimbalwa zokuqala. Oku akwenzeki kuwo wonke umntu, kodwa kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele oku kwaye uxelele ugqirha wakho okanye usapho lwakho ngoko nangoko ukuba unezi ngcinga.
Iingxaki ezinokubakho ngenxa yokusebenzisa eli yeza
Uninzi lwabantu luthatha eli yeza ngaphandle kweengxaki, kodwa kulungile ukuqaphela ezinye iimeko ezinzulu ezinokwenzeka kwiimeko ezingaqhelekanga.
| Ingxaki | Oko kufuneka ukwazi |
|---|---|
| Isifo seSerotonin | Oku kunqabile kakhulu, kodwa kunzulu. Kwenzeka xa kukho i-serotonin eninzi emzimbeni. Iimpawu zingabandakanya ukudideka, ukuqina kwemisipha, umkhuhlane ophezulu, kunye nokuxhuzula. |
| Isifo sokuyeka ukuzibandakanya | Ukuba uyeka ukusebenzisa amayeza ngequbuliso, usenokuba nomkhuhlane, isiyezi, ukungalali, kunye nokutshintsha kweemvakalelo. |
| Ukugqithisa | Ukusela amayeza amaninzi kunokuba ugqirha wakho akucebisayo kunokuba yingozi ebomini. Ukuba ukrokrela ukuba uthathe amayeza amaninzi, yiya kwiSebe lezeMpilo eziNgxamisekileyo (ETU) lesibhedlele esikufutshane ngoko nangoko. |
Ngaba unokuba likhoboka leziyobisi zokudakumba?
Hayi. Lo ngumbuzo abantu abaninzi abawubuzayo. La mayeza awakhobokisi. Nangona kunjalo, njengoko kutshiwo apha ngasentla, ukuba uyeka ukuwasebenzisa ngequbuliso, kufuneka wenze njalo kuphela njengoko ugqirha wakho eyalele.
Ufanele ufune nini unyango olungxamisekileyo?
- Ukuba ufumana iimpawu ze- serotonin syndrome (umkhuhlane ophezulu, ukuxhuzula, ukudideka) okanye ukrokrela ukuba usele ugqithisile, yiya kwigumbi likaxakeka lesibhedlele elikufutshane (ETU) ngoko nangoko.
- Ukuba ucinga ngokuzibulala , nceda ungabi wedwa. Thetha nomntu omthembayo (ilungu losapho, umhlobo, ugqirha) ngoko nangoko. Okanye, ungacela uncedo kumbutho ofana neSumithrayo eSri Lanka. Bakulungele ukukuphulaphula nokukunceda. Ubomi bakho buxabiseke kakhulu.
Amayeza okudakumba anokunceda ngokwenene kwiimvakalelo zokuxinezeleka nokuphelelwa lithemba. Kodwa athatha ixesha. Kufuneka unike ingqondo yakho ixesha lokubuyisela olo lungelelwano.
Sebenzisana nogqirha wakho ukuze ufumane amayeza afanelekileyo kuwe. Le yinkqubo. Kusenokufuneka wenze utshintsho endleleni. Ukuba ufumana naluphi na usizi okanye iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga, thetha ngazo. Emva koko ungenza utshintsho olufunekayo ukuze ufumane iziphumo ezilungileyo.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Amayeza okudakumba ngamayeza anikwa ukunyanga izifo zengqondo ezifana nokudakumba kunye noxinzelelo, kungekhona nje into yokunyanga usizi.
- Kuthatha malunga neeveki ezi-4-8 ukuba ezi zinto zisebenze kwaye uzive iziphumo; ngoko ke yiba nomonde kwaye uqhubeke nonyango.
- Ungaze uqale, uyeke, okanye utshintshe umthamo wamayeza ngaphandle kwengcebiso kagqirha wakho.
- Ukuba iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ziyakukhathaza okanye iimpawu zakho aziphucuki, thetha nogqirha wakho ngaloo nto.
- Eli yeza alikhobokisi.
- Ukuze ufumane iziphumo ezilungileyo, kubaluleke kakhulu ukusebenzisa unyango lokuthetha kunye namayeza.
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