Ngamanye amaxesha ungaziva uphelelwa ngumphefumlo, ukhohlela nje. Kuqhelekile ukuvakalelwa ngolu hlobo, ingakumbi emva kotyando olukhulu. Esinye sezizathu eziphambili zoku kukuba inxalenye yomphunga wakho iwile. Ngokwezonyango, sibiza oku ngokuthi yi -atelectasis (ebizwa ngokuba yi-at-lek-ta-sis). Nangona eli gama lisenokuvakala lisoyikisa kancinci, lidla ngokuba lingelibi kangako. Ke namhlanje, makhe sijonge ukuba yintoni kanye kanye, kutheni isenzeka, kwaye yintoni onokuyenza ngayo.
Ngamafutshane, yintoni i-Atelectasis?
Khawuthelekelele ukuba imiphunga yakho yenziwe zizigidi zeengxowa zomoya ezincinci. Ezi ngxowa zomoya zincinci zibizwa ngokuba yi-alveoli . Xa siphefumla, ezi ngxowa zomoya zincinci zizaliswa ngumoya. Ioksijini esemoyeni emva koko ifunxwa egazini lethu. Emva koko igazi lithwala loo oksijini emzimbeni wonke.
Ngoku, ukuba ngesizathu esithile ezi ngxowa zomoya ezibizwa ngokuba yi-alveoli azifumani moya waneleyo, okanye ukuba zicinezelwe luxinzelelo lwangaphandle, ziyawa njengebhaluni ephumileyo. Yiloo nto siyibiza ngokuba yi-'Atelectasis'. Oku kungenzeka kwinxalenye encinci yomphunga, okanye wonke umphunga unokuwa. Ukuba inxalenye enkulu yomphunga iyawa ngale ndlela, igazi lethu alinakufumana umlinganiselo ofunekayo weoksijini, nto leyo enokubangela iingxaki ezahlukeneyo zempilo.
Ngaba i-Atelectasis kunye ne-Pneumothorax zizinto ezimbini ezahlukeneyo?
Ewe. Abantu abaninzi bayabhidanisa ezi meko zimbini.
- I-Atelectasis kukudilika kweengxowa zomoya (i-alveoli) ngaphakathi kwemiphunga.
- I-Pneumothorax kukuvuza komoya ophuma ngaphandle kwemiphunga, oko kukuthi, kwindawo engenanto phakathi kwemiphunga nodonga lwesifuba, kwaye loo moya utyhala imiphunga ngaphandle.
Ngamafutshane, kwelinye icala umphunga uyawa ngaphakathi, kwelinye icala uyawa ngenxa yoxinzelelo oluvela ngaphandle.
Ngubani osengozini enkulu yokuba nale meko?
Usenokuba sengozini enkulu yokufumana i-atelectasis ukuba:
- Ukuba ukhe wenziwa utyando lwesifuba okanye lwesisu: Amayeza okubulala iintlungu asetyenziselwa ukukugcina ulele ngexesha lotyando anokubangela ukuba ukuphefumla kwakho kube nzulu kwaye usenokungakwazi ukukhwehlela i-mucus eyaneleyo. Oku kunokubangela ukuba iingxowa zakho zomoya zivaleke.
- Ukuba unemeko evala iindlela zomoya ezincinci emiphungeni yakho: Iimeko ezifana ne-asthma zinokuthintela imiphunga yakho ukuba ikhule kakuhle.
- Ukuba wenzakele esifubeni okanye ubambo lwakho lwaphukile: Usenokuba nobunzima bokuphefumla nzulu ngenxa yentlungu eqatha.
- Ukuba ungumtshayi.
Ziziphi iintlobo eziphambili ze-atelectasis?
Le meko inokwahlulwa ibe ziintlobo ezininzi eziphambili ngokuxhomekeke kwindlela eyenzeka ngayo. Masibone ukuba zeziphi.
| Uhlobo lwe-atelectasis | Ngamafutshane, oku kwenzekayo. |
|---|---|
| Icinezelekileyo | Ukulimala kwemiphunga okubangelwa yinto engaphandle kwemiphunga (umz., ulwelo, umoya, igazi, ithumba) ecinezela imiphunga. |
| Iyathintela/Iyathintela (ukuvaleka ngaphakathi) | Ukufuthanisela yimeko apho umoya ungakwazi ukufikelela kwiingxowa zomoya ngenxa yokuvaleka kwendlela yomoya emiphungeni. Oku kunokubangelwa yiplagi ye-mucus, into eginywe ngengozi, okanye ithumba elinomhlaza. |
| Ukuqhina (ngenxa yamanxeba) | Ngenxa yokuba nezibazi (i-fibrosis) kwizicubu zemiphunga, iingxowa zomoya azikwazi ukwanda kakuhle kwaye zibe mxinwa. |
Ukongeza, kukho uhlobo olukhethekileyo olubonwa kwiintsana ezizelwe ngaphambi kwexesha kunye nezigulana ezine-acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), ebangelwa kukungabikho kweproteni ebizwa ngokuba yi-surfactant emiphungeni.
Zithini iimpawu zale meko?
Kwiimeko ezininzi, ukuba yinxalenye encinci yemiphunga echaphazelekileyo , akuyi kubakho zimpawu. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba indawo enkulu yemiphunga ichaphazelekile, inqanaba leoksijini egazini linokuba phantsi (i-hypoxemia). Oku kunokubangela iimpawu ezifana nezi:
- Ubunzima bokuphefumla/ukuphelelwa ngumphefumlo (dyspnea)
- Ukukhwehlela
- Iintlungu zesifuba
- Ukwanda kwesantya sokuphefumla (i-tachypnea)
- Ukutshintsha kombala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kolusu kunye nemilebe
Into ebalulekileyo kukuba ezi mpawu zibonakala kuphela xa inxalenye enkulu yemiphunga iwile. Ngenxa yoko, i-atelectasis encinci inokwenzeka kwaye iphiliswe ngaphandle kokuba wena ungazi.
Izizathu eziphambili ze-atelectasis
Njengoko besitshilo ngaphambili, eyona nto ixhaphakileyo ngoku kukuhlinzwa. Ngenxa yokuba asiphefumli nzulu ngenxa ye-anesthesia kwaye asikhohlisi kakuhle ukuze kususwe i-mucus, iindlela zomoya eziya kwiingxowa zomoya zinokuvaleka kwaye ziminxeke.
Ukongeza, kukho ezinye izizathu:
- I-Mucus plug: Le meko ixhaphakile emva kotyando, kwizigulana ezine-asthma enzima, nakubantwana abancinci.
- Into ephefumlelweyo: Ukuphefumla izinto ngengozi, ezifana neethoyi nokutya, ingakumbi kubantwana abancinci, kunokubangela ukuvaleka kwendlela yomoya.
- Ukuphuma kwegazi emzimbeni: Oku kunokubangelwa zezinye iimeko zonyango, ezifana nesifo sentliziyo.
- Ukuqokelelana komoya ojikeleze imiphunga (iPneumothorax).
- Izimila ezingezizo ezomhlaza (ezingenobungozi).
- Iithumba ezinomhlaza.
- Ukuvaleka kwemiphunga.
- Ezinye iimeko zonyango: Isifo samaphaphu esingapheliyo (i-COPD), izifo ezifana ne-pneumonia.
Ugqirha uyixilonga njani le nto?
Uvavanyo lokuqala lokufumanisa oku yi -X-ray yesifuba. Oku kunokubona ngokucacileyo indawo echaphazelekayo yomphunga. Ukuba kuyimfuneko, i-CT scan ingenziwa ukuze ibone ngokweenkcukacha.
Ngamanye amaxesha, ukuba kukho ukurhaneleka kokuba kukho ukuvaleka kwendlela yomoya, ugqirha uza kufaka ityhubhu encinci enekhamera ezantsi emqaleni ukuze ahlole ingaphakathi lemiphunga. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-bronchoscopy . Ngexesha lovavanyo, banokususa into evala indlela yomoya, njengeqhekeza le-mucus.
Iphathwa njani?
Uninzi lweemeko ze-atelectasis ziphela ngokuzenzekelayo phantsi kweliso likagqirha, ngaphandle konyango olukhethekileyo.
Nangona kunjalo, ngokuxhomekeke kwisizathu kunye nobukhulu bokudumba, kunokufuneka olunye unyango.
- Ukuzilolonga ngokuphefumla nzulu: Ingakumbi ukuzilolonga okwenziwa kusetyenziswa isixhobo esibizwa ngokuba yi-"incentive spirometry".
- Ukususa izithintelo: Ukususa i-mucus okanye ezinye izinto nge-bronchoscopy.
- Unyango lomzimba: Ukuzilolonga okunceda imiphunga ukuba ikhule.
- Amayeza afunxwayo: Amayeza avula indlela yomoya (iibronchodilators).
- Ukunyanga imeko engundoqo: Ukuba oku kungenxa yomhlaza okanye esinye isifo esingapheliyo, nyanga eso sifo.
Ngaba i-atelectasis ingaba yinto enzulu?
Nangona le meko idla ngokuba yingxaki, kwezinye iimeko kunokubakho iingxaki:
- Ukwehla kwamanqanaba eoksijini egazini (iHypoxemia):Xa iingxowa zomoya zivutha, ioksijini ayinakudlula egazini.
- I-Pneumonia: I-Mucus inokubambeka kwimibhobho yomoya, ibangele usulelo.
- Ukungasebenzi kakuhle kokuphefumla: Oku kungaba yimeko esongela ubomi ukuba wonke umphunga uyawa. Nangona kunjalo, oku kunqabile kakhulu.
Kwiimeko ezininzi, xa unobangela we-atelectasis unyangiwe, imiphunga iya kubuyela esiqhelweni. Uninzi lwabantu luya kuphila ngokukhawuleza kwaye akukho miphumo yexesha elide.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-Atelectasis kukudilika kweengxowa zomoya (i-alveoli) emiphungeni. Oku kubonakala kakhulu emva kotyando.
- Kwiimeko ezininzi, le ayisiyongxaki inzima, kwaye ingazilungisa ngokwayo ngaphandle kweempawu.
- Emva kotyando, ukuvuka nokuhambahamba njengoko ugqirha wakho ekucebisa, kunye nokwenza umthambo wokuphefumla nzulu kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthintela le meko.
- Nokuba usemva kotyando okanye unenye ingxaki yemiphunga, ukuba ngequbuliso uba neempawu ezifana nobunzima bokuphefumla, iintlungu zesifuba, ukukhwehlela, okanye imilebe eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, funa ingcebiso kagqirha ngokukhawuleza.
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