Ngaba wakha wabona ixabiso elibizwa ngokuba yi-'Calcium' xa ujonga ingxelo yegazi? Sonke siyazi ukuba i-calcium ilungile kangakanani emathanjeni nasemazinyweni. Kodwa ngamanye amaxesha ugqirha wakho unokucela uvavanyo olukhethekileyo olubizwa ngokuba yi-"Ionized Calcium" endaweni yovavanyo lwe-calcium oluqhelekileyo. Emva koko sicinga, "Yintoni leyo? Ayisiyo i-calcium efanayo na?" Kukho umahluko omncinci, kodwa obaluleke kakhulu phakathi kwezi zimbini. Namhlanje, masithethe ngeli qhawe libaluleke kakhulu emzimbeni wethu elibizwa ngokuba yi-"ionized calcium".
Yintoni iCalcium ene-ionized?
Ngamafutshane, le yi-calcium "ekhululekileyo" okanye "esebenzayo" egazini lethu. Cinga ngayo, i-99% ye-calcium iyonke emizimbeni yethu ikwithambo nasemazinyweni ethu. Ifana nemali ebhankini. I-1% eseleyo ijikeleza egazini.
Ngoku, kule 1% yecalcium egazini, enye yayo ibotshelelwe kwiiproteni (ingakumbi i-albumin), okanye "i-alloyed." Siyibiza ngokuba yi "bound calcium." Le nxalenye ayisebenzi, njengomntu ohleli ebhentshini kwindawo yokumisa ibhasi. Ilapho nje, ayenzi nto.
Elinye icala yinxalenye ejikeleza egazini "ngokukhululekileyo" ngaphandle kokubotshelelwa kwiproteni. Eli candelo likhululekileyo nelisebenzayo yiloo nto siyibiza ngokuba yi-ionized calcium okanye "i-free calcium." Yile calcium ikhululekileyo eyenza umsebenzi emzimbeni, inegalelo kwizinto ezibaluleke kakhulu. Eli candelo lenza malunga ne-50% ye-calcium iyonke.
Oko kuthetha ukuba, yile calcium ene-ionized eyenza imisebenzi ebalulekileyo emzimbeni wethu, njengokudlulisa imiyalezo yemithambo-luvo, ukufinyeza izihlunu, nokubangela ukuba intliziyo ibethe.
Kutheni i-calcium ene-ionized ibaluleke kangaka emizimbeni yethu?
Nangona isixa sekhalsiyam yasimahla sincinci, umsebenzi wayo awungomnqakathi. Ibalulekile ekusebenzeni kakuhle kweenkqubo ezininzi ezibalulekileyo emzimbeni wethu.
- Iimithambo-luvo: Iimithambo-luvo zithwala imiyalezo esuka engqondweni yethu iye emzimbeni wonke. Kanye njengokuba umbane uhamba ngentambo. I-calcium ene-ion ibalulekile ukuze le miyalezo ihambe kakuhle.
- Izihlunu: Sisebenzisa izihlunu zethu ukuhambisa iingalo nemilenze yethu, ukuhamba, nokuphakamisa izinto. Zonke ezi zihlunu zifuna le calcium yasimahla ukuze zinciphe kwaye ziphumle. Intliziyo nayo sisihlunu esikhethekileyo. Oku kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba ibethe ngesantya esifanelekileyo.
- Intliziyo: Oku kunceda ukugcina isantya sentliziyo kunye nesingqisho esifanelekileyo.
- Ukuqunjelwa kwegazi:Xa sinesilonda ndaweni ithile kwaye siphuma igazi, kwenzeka inkqubo enzima yokuyeka ukopha. Inyathelo elibaluleke kakhulu kuloo nkqubo yile calcium ene-ionized.
Kutheni ucela oku endaweni yovavanyo lwe-calcium oluqhelekileyo?
Lo ngumbuzo olungileyo kakhulu. Uvavanyo lwekhalsiyam oluqhelekileyo lulinganisa isixa esipheleleyo sekhalsiyam egazini. Oko kukuthi, isixa seenxalenye "ezibotshelelweyo" kunye "nezikhululekileyo".
Nangona kunjalo, kukho iimeko apho amanqanaba eproteni yegazi yomntu (i-albumin) aphantsi. Umzekelo, umntu ogula kakhulu, umntu onesifo sezintso, okanye umntu onesifo sesibindi unokuba namanqanaba eproteni aphantsi. Emva koko, ubungakanani bekhalsiyam ebotshelelwe kwiproteni nabo buyehla. Ke ngoko, ukuba ujonga amanqanaba abo "eKhalsiyam iyonke", inokubonisa ixabiso eliphantsi.
Kodwa ubungakanani be-calcium "ekhululekileyo" (i-calcium ene-ionized) esebenza emzimbeni wakhe bunokuba yinto eqhelekileyo. Emva koko, ukuba wenza isigqibo ngokusekelwe kwingxelo epheleleyo ye-calcium kuphela, isenokuba ayilunganga. Kwiimeko ezinjalo, oogqirha bacela uvavanyo lwe-calcium ene-ionized ukuze bazi inqanaba elichanekileyo le-calcium esebenzayo emzimbeni.
Nazi ezinye zeemeko eziphambili apho ugqirha angacela olu vavanyo:
- Ukuba inqanaba leproteni (ingakumbi i-albumin) egazini aliqhelekanga.
- Kumntu ogula kakhulu kwaye efumana i-intravenous saline (IV fluids).
- Kumntu olungiselela utyando olukhulu.
- Kumntu ofumana igazi rhoqo.
- Jonga imeko yoomama abakhulelweyo kunye nabantwana abasandul' ukuzalwa.
- Xa kurhanelwa ukuba kukho i-pancreatitis ebukhali.
- Ukuba kukho isikrokro sokuba kukho isifo se-parathyroid glands.
Ungazilungiselela njani uvavanyo?
Uhlala ucelwa ukuba uzile ukutya kangangeeyure ezi-6 ngaphambi kovavanyo. Kulungile ukusela amanzi amancinci. Kubalulekile ukuxelela ugqirha wakho ngayo yonke imithi, iivithamini, kunye nezongezo ozithathayo. Amanye amayeza anokuchaphazela iziphumo zolu vavanyo, ngoko ugqirha wakho unokukucela ukuba uyeke ukuwathatha ngosuku olungaphambi kovavanyo. Kodwa khumbula, ungaze uyeke ukuthatha naliphi na iyeza ngaphandle kwengcebiso kagqirha wakho.
Zithini ii-calcium ezikwizinga eliqhelekileyo?
La maxabiso anokwahluka kancinci ngokuxhomekeke kwilabhoratri eyenza uvavanyo. Soloko uthelekisa ixabiso lakho "noLuhlu oluQhelekileyo" kwingxelo yakho.
| Iqela leminyaka | Uluhlu oluqhelekileyo (mg/dL) | Uluhlu oluqhelekileyo (mmol/L) |
|---|---|---|
| Iintsana ezisandul' ukuzalwa | 4.8 – 5.3 mg/dL | 1.20 – 1.32 mmol/L |
| Abantwana | 4.8 – 5.5 mg/dL | 1.20 – 1.38 mmol/L |
| Abantu abadala | 4.6 – 5.3 mg/dL | 1.15 – 1.32 mmol/L |
Ukuba inqanaba le-calcium eliyi-ionized liyehla (i-Hypocalcemia)
Ukwehla kwenqanaba le-calcium esebenzayo egazini (eyaziwa ngokwezonyango njenge-hypocalcemia) kunokubangelwa ziimeko ezahlukeneyo zempilo.
- I-Hypoparathyroidism: Imeko apho amadlala e-parathyroid entanyeni engavelisi ngokwaneleyo i-hormone (PTH) elawula i-calcium emzimbeni.
- I-Pancreatitis: Ukudumba kwepancreas.
- Ukunqongophala kweVithamin D: IVithamin D ibalulekile emzimbeni ukuze ukwazi ukufunxa ikhalsiyam ekutyeni.
- Ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwezintso.
- Ukungafunxwa kokutya.
- Isifo seRickets ebantwaneni.
Iimpawu zokuphelelwa ngamandla
Xa amanqanaba e-calcium ehla, iimpawu ezahlukeneyo zinokwenzeka.
| Uhlobo oluneempawu | Iimpawu ezibonisiweyo |
|---|---|
| Ezinxulumene nemisipha kunye nemithambo-luvo | Ukuqaqamba kwemisipha, ukungaziva mnandi emilenzeni nasemlonyeni, ukurhawuzelela. |
| Ezinxulumene nengqondo nengqondo | Ukulahlekelwa yinkumbulo, ukudideka, ukudandatheka. |
| Ezinye iimpawu | Iinzipho ezibuthathaka kunye nolusu oluqhekekayo lula, nolusu olomileyo. |
Wenza ntoni ukuba iyancipha?
Ugqirha wakho uza kuqala afumanise unobangela wamanqanaba akho e-calcium aphantsi. Emva koko, ngelixa enyanga loo sizathu, uza kuqala unyango lokubuyisela amanqanaba akho e-calcium kwisimo esiqhelekileyo.
- Izongezo zeKhalsiyam
- Izongezo zeVithamin D
- Ngamanye amaxesha inaliti ye-calcium gluconate inikwa emthanjeni
- Ukutshintshwa kwehomoni ye-parathyroid (PTH)
Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba ugqirha wakho uza kugqiba ngolu nyango. Uza kukuxelela ukuba yeyiphi ekulungeleyo kwaye kufuneka uyithathe ixesha elingakanani. Ungaze uye ekhemesti uyokuthenga iipilisi zecalcium ngokubona kwakho.
Ukuba inqanaba le-calcium eliyi-ionized liyanda (i-Hypercalcemia)
Ukwanda kwenqanaba le-calcium esebenzayo egazini (eyaziwa ngokwezonyango njenge-hypercalcemia) yimeko efuna ingqalelo.
- I-Hyperparathyroidism: Ukuveliswa kakhulu kweehomoni ngamadlala e-parathyroid.
- I-Hyperthyroidism: I-thyroid gland esebenza kakhulu.
- Eminye imihlaza: Umzekelo, i-multiple myeloma, umhlaza wegazi.
- Isifo sePaget sethambo.
- Ubuninzi bevithamini D emzimbeni.
Iimpawu zokwanda
Nokuba amanqanaba e-calcium aphezulu, iimpawu ezininzi zinokubakho.
| Uhlobo oluneempawu | Iimpawu ezibonisiweyo |
|---|---|
| Iimpawu eziqhelekileyo zomzimba | Ukudinwa kakhulu, intloko ebuhlungu, isicaphucaphu nokuhlanza, ukungabi namdla wokutya. |
| Inkqubo yokugaya ukutya | Ukuqhinwa, iintlungu zesisu. |
| Ezinxulumene nezintso | Ukuchama rhoqo, ukoma kakhulu. |
| Amathambo kunye nemisipha | Intlungu yamathambo, intlungu yemisipha okanye ubuthathaka. |
| Ingqondo | Ukulahlekelwa yinkumbulo, ukudandatheka. |
Yintoni omawuyenze ukuba iyanda?
Xa unyanga amanqanaba aphezulu e-calcium, kubalulekile ukuba uchonge unobangela kuqala. Iindlela zonyango ziyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwisizathu.
- Amayeza alawula ukusebenza kwee-parathyroid glands (Calcimimetics).
- Amayeza omeleza amathambo kwaye anciphise i-calcium egazini (ii-Bisphosphonates).
- Ukuba le meko ibangelwa kukwanda kwamanqanaba e-vitamin D, amayeza anjenge-prednisone anokunikwa.
- Ukuba imeko imbi kakhulu, kufuneka ulaliswe esibhedlele kwaye ufakwe i-intravenous saline (IV fluids).
- Ukuba kungenxa yento efana nethumba le-parathyroid gland, lingasuswa ngotyando (parathyroidectomy).
Olu nyango lukwamiselwa ngokufumanisa unobangela wokwanda kwekhalsiyam. Musa ukwenza nantoni na ngaphandle kwengcebiso kagqirha wakho. Ngamanye amaxesha oku kungaba yingxamiseko yezonyango.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-ionized Calcium yinxalenye "ekhululekileyo" ne "esebenzayo" ye-calcium egazini lethu. Ibalulekile kwimisebenzi emininzi ebalulekileyo emizimbeni yethu.
- Nangona uvavanyo lwekhalsiyam oluqhelekileyo lubonisa isixa esipheleleyo sekhalsiyam, uvavanyo lwekhalsiyam olune-ionized lunika umfanekiso ocacileyo wesixa sekhalsiyam esisebenza emzimbeni.
- Olu vavanyo lubaluleke kakhulu kwiimeko zempilo ezinzulu, isifo sezintso, nangaphambi kotyando.
- Eli nqanaba le-calcium ephantsi okanye ephezulu lisenokuba luphawu lwesifo esithile esingabonakaliyo.
- Soloko uxoxa nogqirha wakho ngeziphumo zovavanyo lwakho kunye naluphi na unyango. Ungaze uzinyange okanye uyeke ukuthatha amayeza.
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