Khawuthelekelele ungumntu oselula osempilweni odlala ikhilikithi, ojima nzima ejimini. Kodwa ngequbuliso ingalo yakho iqala ukuqaqamba, idumbe, ize ibonakale iluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Ngokuqhelekileyo kucingelwa ukuba yinto efana nokuxinana kwemisipha. Kodwa le inokuba yimeko embi kakhulu, kodwa enyangekayo. Namhlanje sithetha ngesinye sezi meko, 'i-Axillo-Subclavian Vein Thrombosis' okanye i-ASVT ngamafutshane.
Kalula nje, yintoni le ASVT?
Ngamafutshane, i-ASVT kukwakheka kwehlwili legazi kumthambo onzulu engalweni yakho engasentla, njengomthambo we-axillary okanye umthambo we-subclavian. Oku kudla ngokwenzeka emva kokwenzakala engalweni yakho okanye xa usebenzisa ingalo yakho kakhulu kwaye wenza into efanayo ngokuphindaphindiweyo. Le meko ikwabizwa ngokuba yi-Paget-Schroetter syndrome kunye ne-effort-induced thrombosis.
Ingaba olu luhlobo lwe-DVT? Yintoni umahluko?
Ewe, i-ASVT ikwaluhlobo lwe-deep vein thrombosis (DVT). Kodwa xa sihlala sisiva nge-DVT, siva ngamahlwili egazi ayenzeka emilenzeni. Oku kubangelwa zizinto ezifana nokuhlala kwindawo enye ixesha elide, ukutyeba kakhulu, kunye nokwaluphala. Kodwa le meko ibizwa ngokuba yi-ASVT yahlukile kakhulu kunaleyo.
Ungawuqonda ngokulula lo mahluko kwitheyibhile engezantsi.
| Uphawu | I-DVT eqhelekileyo esiyaziyo | I-ASVT (i-DVT engalweni) |
|---|---|---|
| Isizathu | Ukungakwazi ukwenza nto, ukutyeba kakhulu, ukwaluphala, emva kotyando. | Ukwenzakala esandleni, uxinzelelo olugqithisileyo esandleni (ezemidlalo, emsebenzini). |
| Indawo echaphazelekileyo | Idla ngokuba nemithambo emilenzeni. | Imithambo engasentla engalweni, ekhwapheni, nasemagxeni. |
| Abantu abachaphazelekayo | Idla ngokuba ngabantu abadala, abangasebenziyo kakhulu. | Ulutsha olusempilweni, olukhutheleyo, nolunemidlalo oluphakathi kweminyaka eli-15 ukuya kwengama-45 ubudala . |
Ngubani onokuba nethuba elikhulu lokufumana le meko?
Nangona oku kusenokubonakala kumangalisa, i-ASVT inokwenzeka kakhulu kubantu abasempilweni, abasempilweni, nabasebenzayo , ingakumbi abo baphakathi kweminyaka eli-15 nengama-45 ubudala.
Cinga ngabantu abanjalo:
- Abantu abenza umthambo ophindaphindayo okanye imidlalo equka ukuphakamisa iingalo zabo, njengokubhowula ngokukhawuleza kwikhilikithi, ukudlala i-volleyball, ukudada, okanye ukuphakamisa iintsimbi.
- Abantu abasebenza kwimisebenzi yezandla, njengabapendi kunye neengcali zombane.
- Abantu abaneengxaki zokujiya kwegazi nabo basengozini.
Zithini iimpawu zale meko?
Iimpawu ze-ASVT zihlala zibonakala ngequbuliso. Iimpawu eziphambili zezi:
- Intlungu esandleni.
- Imithambo esezandleni iyavuvukala kwaye ibonakala ngokucacileyo.
- Ukutshintsha kombala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kolusu lwezandla (iCyanosis).
- Ukuziva ubunzima okanye ukudinwa esandleni.
- Ukudumba kwesandla ngequbuliso (le yeyona mpawu ixhaphakileyo).
Into ekufuneka uyilumkele! Ngamanye amaxesha eli hlwili legazi linokuphuma emthanjeni lize libhajwe emiphungeni. Silibiza ngokuba yiPulmonary Embolism (PE) . Le yimeko eyingozi kakhulu, ide ibeke ubomi esichengeni. Ngoko ke, ukuba ufumana ukudumba engalweni yakho, ubunzima bokuphefumla, okanye iintlungu zesifuba , yiya kwiSebe lezeMpilo eziNgxamisekileyo (ETU) esibhedlele ngoko nangoko.
Yintoni unobangela wokwenene we-ASVT?
Nantsi indlela esebenza ngayo. Khawucinge ngomthambo wegazi (umthambo) egxalabeni lakho ofana nombhobho wamanzi. Kumacala omabini alo mbhobho, ubambo kunye nomsipha zibotshelelwe ngokuqinileyo. Xa wenza umthambo okanye umsebenzi obandakanya ukuphakamisa ingalo yakho, umthambo uyaxinwa phakathi kweso sihlunu kunye nobambo, nto leyo ebangela ukuba yenzekele.
Ekuhambeni kwexesha, izicubu ezibomvu ziyakheka kwindawo yokwenzakala, nto leyo enciphisa umthambo ngakumbi. Oku kuthintela ukuhamba kwegazi. Kulapho ke kuqala ukwakheka khona amahlwili egazi. Imeko ebangela ukuba lo mthambo uvaleke ibizwa ngokuba yi-thoracic outlet syndrome (TOS).
Uyifumana njani le nto, Gqirha?
Ngokusekelwe kwiimpawu zakho, ukuba ugqirha wakho ukrokrela oku, uya kuyalela iimvavanyo ezininzi ukuqinisekisa imeko emva kokuhlolwa komzimba.
- I-Duplex ultrasound: Olu lolona vavanyo luqhelekileyo. Lusebenzisa amaza esandi ukujonga indlela igazi elihamba ngayo ngaphakathi kwemithambo yegazi kunye nokujonga ukuba akukho mahlwili egazi na.
- I-venography ekhokelwa yi-catheter: Ityhubhu encinci (i-catheter) ifakwa emthanjeni, kufakwa idayi ekhethekileyo, kwaye kuthathwa i-X-ray ukuze kubonwe ukuba ihlwili legazi liphi kwaye ivaleke kangakanani na imithambo.
- I-CTA (i-computerized tomography angiography): I-CT scan ithatha imifanekiso eneenkcukacha zemithambo yegazi.
- I-MRA (magnetic resonance angiography): Uvavanyo lwemithambo yegazi kusetyenziswa i-MRI scan.
Zithini iindlela zonyango zoku?
I-ASVT yimeko ekufuneka inyangwe. Ukulibazisa unyango akulunganga. Indlela ephambili yonyango yi-'Thrombolysis'.
Iindlela zonyango
- I-Thrombolysis (ukunyibilika kwehlwili): Oku kuquka ukunika iyeza lokunyibilikisa ihlwili ngqo emthanjeni apho ihlwili lifumaneka khona ngetyhubhu efana ne-cannula (i-catheter).
- Ukususwa kweThrombectomy (ukususwa kwehlwili legazi): Ngamanye amaxesha oogqirha bayalisusa ngokwasemzimbeni eli hlwili legazi ngotyando oluncinci.
- Izinto zokunciphisa igazi: Emva kokuba ihlwili legazi lisusiwe, uza kunikwa izinto zokunciphisa igazi kangangeenyanga eziliqela ukuthintela ukuba amahlwili egazi angaphindi avele.
Kunye nolu nyango, ugqirha uza kukunika elinye icebiso.
- Ukuphumza isandla de iimpawu ziphele.
- Ukubamba ingalo phezulu kubizwa ngokuba yi-"arm elevations".
- Ukudluliselwa kunyango lomzimba.
- Ukunxiba isigqubuthelo esikhethekileyo esifana nebhandishi (umkhono wokucinezela) engalweni.
Kwezinye iimeko, iqhekeza elincinci lesihlunu okanye iqhekeza lembambo yokuqala evala umthambo liyasuswa ngotyando ukuze umthambo uphume ngokukhululekileyo.
Injani imeko emva konyango?
Le yeyona nto ibalulekileyo. Ukuba i-ASVT ifunyaniswa kwangethuba kwaye unyango luqalwe kwangethuba, iziphumo ziyaphumelela kakhulu. Izifundo zibonise ukuba kukho izinga lempumelelo eliphakathi kwe-90% kunye ne-95%.
Nangona kunjalo, abanye abantu banokuba nengxaki ebizwa ngokuba yi-'post-thrombotic syndrome (PTS).' Oku kuthetha ukuba iimpawu ezifana nentlungu, ubunzima, kunye nokudumba engalweni zihlala zikho nasemva konyango. Ngoko ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukulandela imiyalelo kagqirha ngokuchanekileyo.
Ngaba le meko ingathintelwa?
Nangona ingenakuthintelwa ngokupheleleyo, kukho izinto ezininzi onokuzenza ukunciphisa umngcipheko.
- Musa ukwenza umthambo onzima okanye usebenze ixesha elide, kwaye thatha ikhefu phakathi kwawo.
- Zolula umzimba ngaphambi nasemva kokuzilolonga ukuze wolule izihlunu zakho zengalo.
- Musa ukuphakamisa iintsimbi ezingenakukwazi ukuzithwala izihlunu zakho.
- Zama ukusebenzisa ingalo yakho engoyikiyo nanini na xa kunokwenzeka.
Ndifanele ndimbone nini ugqirha?
Bonana nogqirha ngoko nangoko xa kukho iimpawu zokuqala ze-ASVT (ukudumba ngequbuliso, iintlungu, ukuba luhlaza kwesandla). Kwakhona, ukuba kuvela ezi mpawu zilandelayo, cinga ukuba yingxamiseko kwaye uye kwiYunithi yoNyango oluNgxamisekileyo (ETU) yesibhedlele ngoko nangoko.
- Iintlungu zesifuba
- Ubunzima bokuphefumla (ukuphelelwa ngamandla)
- Ukuba ndindisholo
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-ASVT lihlwili legazi emthanjeni engalweni elinokwenzeka nakubantu abaselula abasempilweni nabakhutheleyo.
- Ukudumba ngequbuliso, iintlungu, kunye nolusu oluluhlaza zezona mpawu ziphambili. Ukuba uzibona ezi zinto, musa ukuzityeshela.
- Ukuba iimpawu zengalo yakho zihamba nentlungu yesifuba okanye ubunzima bokuphefumla, oko kungaba luphawu lwe- pulmonary embolism (PE) esongela ubomi. Yiya kwigumbi likaxakeka ngokukhawuleza.
- Le meko inganyangeka ngempumelelo kakhulu ukuba ifunyaniswe kwaye inyangwa kwangethuba. Ngoko ke, ukuba unamathandabuzo, bona ugqirha wakho.
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