Ngaba udiniwe kuzama ukunciphisa umzimba? Ngaba udiniwe kukutya ukutya okuncinci, ukuzila ukutya, kunye nokuzilolonga? Ngamanye amaxesha, ukutyeba kakhulu akuyonto inokulawulwa lula. Kwiimeko ezinjalo, xa zonke ezinye iindlela zingaphumeleli, siza kuthetha ngesisombululo esikhethekileyo esicetyiswa ngoogqirha namhlanje. Olu lutyando lokunciphisa umzimba, okanye utyando lwe-bariatric.
Yintoni kanye kanye utyando lwe-bariatric?
Ngamafutshane, le yindlela yotyando. Isetyenziselwa ukunceda abantu abatyebileyo ukuba banciphise umzimba. Kodwa ayilulo nje utyando olususa amanqatha emzimbeni njenge-liposuction. Okwenziwayo apha kukwenza utshintsho oluthile kwinkqubo yakho yokugaya ukutya .
Cinga ngale ndlela, olu tyando lwenza izinto ezimbini eziphambili:
1. Iyanciphisa isisu sakho. Oku kunciphisa kakhulu ukutya onokukutya ngexesha elinye. Usaziva uhluthi nasemva kokutya kancinci.
2. Kwezinye iintlobo zotyando, inxalenye yamathumbu akho amancinci ayisebenzi. Oku kuthetha ukuba umzimba ufunxa iikhalori kunye nezondlo ezimbalwa ekutyeni okutyayo.
Zombini ezi ndlela zinciphisa ubungakanani beekhalori ezifunyanwa ngumzimba wakho. Akuphelelanga apho, kodwa emva kolu tyando , imiqondiso yehomoni exelela ingqondo yakho ukuba ulambile (imiqondiso yendlala) nayo iyancitshiswa. Ngoko ke imvakalelo yokusoloko ufuna ukutya nayo iyalawulwa.
Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba olu asilonyango nje 'lomlingo' lokunciphisa umzimba. Ukuze oku kuphumelele, kufuneka uzibophelele ekutshintsheni ngokupheleleyo indlela ophila ngayo kunye nendlela otya ngayo, ngaphambi nasemva kotyando.
Kutheni kufuneka wenze olu hlobo lotyando?
Abantu abaninzi bacinga ukuba nabani na unokunciphisa umzimba ngokulandela ukutya okunempilo nokuzilolonga. Oku kuyinyaniso ngokubanzi. Kodwa kumntu otyebe kakhulu (udidi lwesithathu lokutyeba), akulula kangako. Uphando lufumanise ukuba abantu abanolu hlobo lokutyeba kakhulu abanakukwazi ukwehlisa umzimba ixesha elide ngokutya kunye nokuzilolonga kuphela.
Isizathu kukuba xa umzimba wethu uqhele ukutyeba ixesha elide, ucinga ukuba ubunzima 'bubunzima obuqhelekileyo' bawo. Xa sizama ukunciphisa umzimba, umzimba uhlala uzama ukubuyela kuloo bunzima 'buqhelekileyo'. Olu tyando lunceda ukutshintsha loo nkqubo kwaye ludale imeko apho sinokufumana iziphumo zokutya okunempilo nokuzilolonga.
Zeziphi ezinye izifo ezinokulawulwa ngolu tyando?
Ukutyeba kakhulu akupheleli nje ekubeni nobunzima obukhulu. Kunokubangela nezifo ezininzi ezisongela ubomi. Iindaba ezimnandi zezokuba uninzi lwezi meko zinokulungiswa ngokunciphisa umzimba emva kotyando lwe-bariatric.Iphuculwe kakhulu okanye ilawulwa ngokupheleleyo.
Nazi ezinye zeemeko ezinjalo:
| Imeko yezonyango | Kalula nje... |
|---|---|
| I-Cholesterol ephezulu | Ukwanda kwamafutha (lipids) egazini. La mafutha anokugcwala kwimithambo yegazi aze ayivale. Oku kunokubangela isifo sentliziyo okanye isifo sohlangothi. |
| Igazi elonyukayo | Uxinzelelo oluqokelelana njengoko igazi lihamba ngemithambo yegazi luyanda. Oku konakalisa imithambo yegazi kwaye kwandisa umngcipheko wokuhlaselwa sisifo sentliziyo kunye nestroke. |
| Uhlobo lwesibini lwesifo seswekile | Njengoko amafutha omzimba eqokelelana, ukuxhathisa i-insulin kunokuvela. Oku kunokukhokelela kwisifo seswekile. Le meko inokulawulwa kakhulu ngokunciphisa umzimba. |
| Isifo sentliziyo | Ukutyeba kakhulu kuphazamisa ukusebenza kwentliziyo. Kukwabangela ukuba amafutha aqokeleleke kwimithambo yegazi, nto leyo enyusa umngcipheko wokuhlaselwa yintliziyo. |
| Isifo sezintso | Izifo ezibangelwa kukutyeba kakhulu, ezifana noxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu kunye nesifo seswekile, zingonakalisa izintso kwaye zide zibangele ukuba zingaphumeleli. |
| I-Obstructive Sleep Apnea | Imeko apho umqala uvaleka kwaye ukuphefumla kuyeka ngokuphindaphindiweyo ngexesha lokulala. Oku kunciphisa ubungakanani beoksijini efikelela kumalungu omzimba kwaye kunokonakalisa intliziyo. |
| I-Osteoarthritis | Ukutyeba kakhulu kubeka uxinzelelo olukhulu kumalungu afana namadolo. Oku kunokubangela iintlungu kumalungu. Xa unciphisa umzimba, olu xinzelelo nalo luyancipha. |
| Umhlaza | Nangona unxibelelwano lungacacanga ngokupheleleyo, ukutyeba kakhulu kufunyenwe kwandisa umngcipheko weentlobo ezingaphezu kweshumi elinesibini zomhlaza. |
Ngubani ofanelekileyo kolu tyando?
Olu tyando alwenzelwanga wonke umntu. Kukho iindlela ezithile zokwenza oku. Eyona nto iphambili ejongwayo yi-body mass index yakho, okanye i-BMI (Body Mass Index) . I-BMI yindlela elula yokulinganisa ukuba unobunzima obufanelekileyo na ngobude bakho.
Ngokubanzi, abo bafanelekela utyando ngaba:
- Ukuba i-BMI ingama-40 nangaphezulu , oku kuthathwa njengokutyeba kakhulu.
- Ukuba une -BMI engama-35 nangaphezulu kunye nenye okanye ngaphezulu kwezi meko zonyango zikhankanyiweyo apha ngasentla ezinxulumene nokutyeba kakhulu (umz. isifo seswekile, uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu).
Olu kufaneleka lumiselwa ngugqirha wakho emva kokukuhlola nokwenza uvavanyo lwezonyango oluyimfuneko.
Uzilungiselela njani ngaphambi kotyando?
Ngaphambi kokuba unikwe usuku lokwenza utyando, iqela lezonyango liza kuqinisekisa ukuba ukulungele ngokwasemzimbeni nangokwengqondo oko.
- Uza kuhlolwa liqela loogqirha abaziingcali.
- Iingenelo, iingxaki, kunye neengozi zotyando ziya kucaciswa kuwe ngokweenkcukacha.
- Uvavanyo lwegazi oluyimfuneko kunye nokuskena kwenziwa ukuqinisekisa ukuba utyando lunokwenziwa ngokukhuselekileyo.
- Ukuba utshaya, usebenzisa iziyobisi, okanye usela utywala kakhulu, kuya kufuneka uyeke ngokupheleleyo ngaphambi kokuba ufanelekele utyando .
- Kwiiveki ezimbalwa ngaphambi kotyando, ugqirha wakho uza kukuxelela ukuba ulandele ukutya okukhethekileyo (pre-bariatric surgery diet). Oku kwenzelwa ukunciphisa inani lamafutha esiswini sakho, okwenza utyando lube lukhuselekile kwaye lube lula.
Ziziphi iintlobo eziphambili zotyando lokunciphisa umzimba?
Kukho iintlobo ezininzi eziphambili zotyando lwe-bariatric. Ugqirha wakho uya kugqiba ukuba loluphi uhlobo olulungele wena ngokusekelwe kwimpilo yakho neemfuno zakho. Uninzi lolu tyando lwenziwa nge-laparoscopically, kusetyenziswa ikhamera efakwe kwiindawo ezimbalwa ezincinci esiswini. Oku kubangela ukuba ixesha lokuphola linciphe kwaye kunciphe amanxeba.
| Uhlobo lotyando | Kwenzekani? |
|---|---|
| I-Sileeve Yesisu (Utyando Lwesisu Lwemikhono) | Olu lolona hlobo lotyando luxhaphakileyo kwihlabathi lanamhlanje. Lubandakanya ukususa malunga ne-80% yesisu, kushiyeke umbhobho omncinci omile okwebhanana. Oku kunciphisa ubungakanani bokutya onokukutya kwaye kunciphisa nemveliso yeehomoni ezibangela indlala. |
| I-Gastric Bypass (Roux-en-Y) | Kule nkqubo, kususwa isikhwama esincinci kwinxalenye ephezulu yesisu size sidityaniswe ngqo nenxalenye esezantsi yamathumbu amancinci. Oku kuthetha ukuba ukutya kuyadlula inxalenye enkulu yesisu kunye nenxalenye yokuqala yamathumbu amancinci. Oku kunciphisa ubungakanani bokutya okutyiwayo kunye nobungakanani bezondlo ezifunxwa ngumzimba. |
| Utshintsho lweDuodenal (BPD-DS) | Olu lutyando oluntsonkothileyo. Lubandakanya utyando lwesisu kunye nokuthintela inxalenye enkulu yamathumbu amancinci. Nangona luyindlela esebenzayo kakhulu yokunciphisa umzimba kunye nokulawula izifo ezifana nesifo seswekile, lukwanyusa umngcipheko wokunqongophala kwezondlo kuba ukufunxwa kwezondlo ngumzimba kuncitshiswa kakhulu. |
Zithini iingozi zolu tyando?
Njengakwezinye iintlobo zotyando, utyando lwe-bariatric lunokuba neengozi ezithile kunye nemiphumo emibi. Kodwa eyona nto ibalulekileyo ekufuneka uyikhumbule kukuba kwiimeko ezininzi , iingozi zezifo ezibangelwa kukutyeba kakhulu zingaphezulu kakhulu kweengozi zolu tyando.
Kukho iintlobo ezimbini eziphambili zeengozi.
1. Iingxaki eziqhelekileyo ezinxulumene notyando: ukopha, usulelo, amahlwili egazi, ukwakheka kwe-hernia, iingxaki ezinxulumene ne-anesthesia.
2.Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezinokubakho ngenxa yotshintsho kwinkqubo yokugaya ukutya:
- I-Dumping Syndrome: Iimpawu ezifana nokucaphuka, ukuqaqamba kwesisu, urhudo, kunye nokubila kwenzeka njengoko ukutya kuhamba ngokukhawuleza kakhulu ukusuka esiswini ukuya emathunjini amancinci. Oku kunokulawulwa ngokutshintsha indlela otya ngayo.
- Ukungondleki: Ukunqongophala kweevithamini kunye neeminerali kunokwenzeka ngenxa yokuncipha kokufunxwa kwezondlo ngumzimba. Oku kufuna izongezo zeevithamini ubomi bonke njengoko kumiselwe ngugqirha.
- Amatye enyongo: Kukho umngcipheko wokuba namatye enyongo xa unciphisa umzimba ngokukhawuleza.
Ugqirha wakho uza kukuchazela zonke ezi ngozi.
Kwenzeka ntoni emva kotyando?
Kuya kufuneka uhlale esibhedlele iintsuku ezimbalwa emva kotyando. Emva kokuba ubuyele ekhaya, kuya kuthatha iiveki ezimbalwa ukuphumla nokubuyela kwimisebenzi yesiqhelo.
- Ukutya: Qala ngezinto ezimanzi kuqala, kancinci kancinci utshintshele ekutyeni okucoliweyo, ukutya okuthambileyo, kwaye emva kweeveki ezili-12 kuphela apho uqhela ukutya okuqinileyo rhoqo.
- Ukuhlolwa Kwezonyango: Kunyaka wokuqala, kuya kufuneka ubone ugqirha wakho rhoqo kwaye wenze uvavanyo lwegazi ukuze kujongwe ukwehla kwakho komzimba kunye nempilo yakho.
- Ukwehla kobunzima: Ngokomyinge, malunga nama-90% abantu balahlekelwa ngaphezu kwama-50% obunzima babo obugqithisileyo. Oku kwehla kobunzima kwenzeka kancinci kwiminyaka emibini yokuqala.
- Ulusu olugqithisileyo: Xa uncipha kakhulu, ulusu lwakho lunokuwohloka. Ukuba kuyimfuneko, ungenza utyando olwahlukileyo (utyando lokuguqula umzimba) ukuze kususwe ulusu olugqithisileyo emva konyaka okanye emibini.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Utyando lweBariatric lolona nyango luphumeleleyo lwexesha elide lokutyeba kakhulu (iClass III Obesity).
- Le asiyondlela ilula; ukuze uphumelele, kufuneka ulandele indlela yokuphila enempilo kunye nokutya ukutya okunempilo ubomi bakho bonke emva kotyando.
- Njengakwezinye iindlela zotyando, kukho iingozi ezibandakanyekileyo, ngoko ke kubalulekile ukuxoxa ngale nto nogqirha wakho uze ujonge izinto ezilungileyo nezingalunganga ngaphambi kokuba wenze isigqibo.
- Olu tyando aluncedi nje kuphela ekunciphiseni umzimba, kodwa lukwanceda ukulawula izifo ezininzi ezinzulu ezifana nesifo seswekile, i-cholesterol ephezulu, kunye noxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu.
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