Ngaba wakha wacinga ukuba intliziyo yethu ifana nomatshini omncinci osebenza ngesingqisho? Kodwa ngamanye amaxesha esi singqisho sinokuhamba kakubi. Oko kuthetha ukuba intliziyo ibetha ngokukhawuleza okuyingozi, nto leyo enokuba yingozi ebomini. Kwiimeko ezinjalo, namhlanje siza kuthetha ngesixhobo esincinci esisebenza njengomkhuseli wentliziyo yakho.
Yintoni le ICD?
Ngamafutshane, i-ICD (Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator) sisixhobo esincinci, esisebenza ngebhetri esijonga isigqi sentliziyo yakho iiyure ezingama-24 ngosuku. Sifana nomkhuseli wobomi obekwe entliziyweni yakho. Sibona xa isigqi sentliziyo yakho siba singaqhelekanga ngendlela eyingozi (imeko esiyibiza ngokuba yi-arrhythmias) kwaye sivelise umothuko omncinci wombane ukubuyisela isigqi sentliziyo yakho.
Le ICD idla ngokufakelwa ngotyando phantsi kwesikhumba sesifuba sakho. Ilingana nestopwotch encinci. Iqulethe ibhetri kunye ne-circuitry ejonga umsebenzi wombane wentliziyo yakho. Intambo enye okanye ezingaphezulu ezibhityileyo (`(i-leads)`) eziqhagamshelwe kwesi sixhobo zingena kwigumbi lakho lentliziyo ukuze zijonge kwaye, ukuba kuyimfuneko, zinike umbane.
Ii-ICD ezininzi zikwanayo ne-pacemaker, elawula isigqi sentliziyo. Oku kuthetha ukuba yenza izinto ezimbini.
Ngubani ofuna i-ICD?
I-ICD idla ngokucetyiswa kubantu abasengozini enkulu yokufa ngenxa yokuma kwentliziyo ngequbuliso. Kukho iimeko ezininzi zonyango ezinokunyusa le ngozi.
| Imeko yezonyango | Ingcaciso elula |
|---|---|
| Ukuba ukhe wahlaselwa yintliziyo ngaphambili okanye wabanjwa yintliziyo | Abantu abanolu hlobo lwembali basengozini enkulu yokuba oku kwenzeke kwakhona. |
| I-Ventricular Tachycardia | Isingqisho esiyingozi apho amagumbi asezantsi entliziyo (ii-ventricles) abetha ngokukhawuleza kakhulu. |
| Ukufiphalisa kwemithambo yegazi | Imeko enokuba yingozi apho amagumbi asezantsi entliziyo engcangcazela ngokungalawulekiyo. |
| Ukusilela kwentliziyo kunye neqhezu lokukhupha elinciphileyo | Umngcipheko uyanda njengoko intliziyo ingakwazi ukupompa igazi elaneleyo emzimbeni. |
| I-Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy | Isifo esibangelwa kukutyeba kwemisipha yentliziyo. |
| Ezinye iimeko zemfuza | Umzekelo, iimeko ezifana ne-Brugada syndrome kunye ne-Long QT syndrome. |
Uzilungiselela njani ngaphambi kolu tyando?
Ngaphambi kotyando lokufakelwa i-ICD, ugqirha wakho uza kukucela ukuba wenze izinto ezithile. Ezi zinto zenziwa ukuqinisekisa ukuba ukwimeko elungileyo yotyando.
- Uvavanyo olwahlukeneyo: Usenokucelwa ukuba wenze izinto ezifana novavanyo lwegazi nomchamo, uvavanyo lwe-electrocardiogram (ECG) olujonga umsebenzi wombane wentliziyo, kunye ne-echocardiogram ejonga umsebenzi kunye nolwakhiwo lwentliziyo.
- Izilumkiso: Ukuba uneengxaki zokujiya kwegazi okanye uthatha amayeza okunciphisa igazi, ngokuqinisekileyo kufuneka umxelele ugqirha wakho ngawo. Kufuneka umxelele nangazo naziphi na ezinye iimeko zempilo onazo (iswekile, isifuba, isifo sezintso).
- Ii-Allergies: Ukuba une-allergy kwizinto ezisetyenziswa kwezinye iimvavanyo (idayi echaseneyo okanye i-iodine), nceda usazise ngaloo nto.
- Ukuzila Ukutya: Uza kucelwa ukuba ungatyi okanye ungaseli kangangeeyure ezimbalwa ngaphambi kotyando (ukuzila ukutya).
Kubaluleke kakhulu ukulandela imiyalelo kagqirha wakho ngokuchanekileyo.
Kwenzeka ntoni ngexesha lotyando?
Olu tyando ludla ngokuthatha iiyure ezimbalwa. Ngokuqhelekileyo, kwenziwa umngxuma omncinci kufutshane nethambo lakho lentamo kwaye iintambo ze-ICD zidluliselwa ngemithambo yegazi ziye entliziyweni yakho. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yindlela yokuvula imithambo yegazi.
Nantsi inkcazo elula yenyathelo ngenyathelo yendlela olu tyando olwenziwa ngayo:
1. Okokuqala, uza kufakwa i-anesthesia ngokupheleleyo (`i-anesthesia eqhelekileyo`) okanye yindawo apho utyando luza kwenziwa khona kuphela eya kuba nenombolo (`i-anesthesia yendawo`).
2. Emva koko ugqirha wenza ukusika okuncinci eluswini olukufutshane nebhanti.
3. Ngaloo nto, kungena umthambo omkhulu wegazi, njengomthambo we-subclavian, kwaye iintambo zikhokelwa ngononophelo ukuya kwiindawo ezifanelekileyo zentliziyo.
4. Ngoku isixhobo se-ICD (inxalenye encinci efana nebhokisi) sibekwe kwindawo encinci eyenziwe phantsi kwesikrweqe solusu.
5. Emva koko iingcingo ezithunyelwa entliziyweni ziqhagamshelwe kwi-ICD.
6. Nje ukuba konke oku kugqityiwe, jonga ukuba isixhobo kunye neentambo zisebenza kakuhle na.
7. Ukuba yonke into ilungile, ukusika eluswini kuyathungwa kuvaliwe.
Zithini iingenelo kunye neengozi zoku?
Inzuzo ephambili
Eyona nzuzo inkulu nekuphela kwayo koku kukukwazi ukusindisa ubomi .
Ngamafutshane, esi sixhobo sincinci sinokuthintela ukufa ngequbuliso ngenxa yesingqisho sentliziyo esiyingozi. Sinokurekhoda ulwazi malunga nokusebenza kwentliziyo yakho kwaye sincede ugqirha wakho ukuba enze izigqibo zonyango.
Iingozi kunye neengxaki
Njengakwezinye iindlela zotyando, kukho iingozi ezithile ezibandakanyekileyo, kodwa ezi zihlala zingaqhelekanga.
| Umngcipheko/Ingxaki | Inkcazo |
|---|---|
| Ukopha okanye ukukrwela | Inokwenzeka kwindawo yotyando. |
| Iintsholongwane | Ukosuleleka kwesilonda okanye usulelo lwesixhobo. |
| Iingxaki zemiphunga (iPneumothorax) | Kukho umngcipheko omncinci kakhulu wokonakala kwemiphunga ngexesha lotyando. |
| Ukunyakaza kwesixhobo okanye ucingo | Ukukwazi ukuhamba kwesixhobo okanye ucingo olufakelweyo ukusuka kwindawo olucwangciselwe yona. |
| Ukubethelwa kombane okungafanelekanga | Umothuko uvela ngenxa yesinye isigqi sentliziyo esingasongeli ubomi. |
Izinto ekufuneka uziqwalasele xa uhlala ne-ICD
Emva kokufakelwa i-ICD, ungaphila ubomi bakho njengesiqhelo. Kodwa kukho izinto ezimbalwa ekufuneka uzazi.
Ivakalelwa njani loo ngxaki yokoyika evela kwi-ICD?
Amandla okukhwaza ngombane angahluka. Ukukhwaza ngamandla aphantsi kunokuvakala ngathi kukushukuma kancinci esifubeni. Ukukhwaza ngamandla aphezulu kunokuvakala ngathi kukuqhushumba okomzuzwana esifubeni.
Amaxesha amaninzi, ukothuka kube kanye kuya kubuyisela isigqi sentliziyo. Kodwa ukuba ufumana ukothuka, ngokuqinisekileyo kufuneka uxelele ugqirha wakho.
Zigcine kude kwezi zinto.
Amasimi emagnethi aqinileyo kunye nezinye izixhobo zobuchwepheshe zinokuphazamisana nokusebenza kwe-ICD, ngoko ke lumka ngezi zinto.
| Izinto ekufuneka uziphephe okanye uzilumkele | Ingcaciso |
|---|---|
| Amasimi emagnethi anamandla | Oomatshini be-MRI, iimagnethi ezinkulu eziphakamisa izithuthi, izithethi ezinamandla zestereo, njl. Qiniseka ukuba ubaxelela ukuba une-ICD ngaphambi kokuba wenze i-MRI scan. |
| Iifowuni eziphathwayo | Gcina ifowuni yakho ikude ubuncinane kwiisentimitha ezi-6 ukusuka kwindawo yokufakelwa kwe-ICD. Musa ukuyibeka epokothweni yehempe yakho kwelo cala. |
| Iinkqubo zokhuseleko | Musa ukuhlala ixesha elide kufutshane neenkqubo zokulwa ubusela ezivenkileni okanye izixhobo zokubhaqa isinyithi ezikwizikhululo zeenqwelo-moya. Zifunde ngokukhawuleza. |
| Ezinye izixhobo | Kuphephe ukusondela kwizixhobo zokuwelda ze-arc, ucingo lombane, kunye neentambo zokutsiba iibhetri zemoto. |
Okona kubaluleke kakhulu: Hlala uphethe ikhadi ebhegini yakho elichaza ukuba une-ICD. Liza kuba luncedo kakhulu xa kukho imeko engxamisekileyo.
Kufuneka uthethe nini nogqirha?
Kwezinye iimeko, kufuneka ufune iingcebiso zonyango ngokukhawuleza.
- Iimpawu zosulelo: Ukuba kukho igazi okanye ubomvu obuphuma kwindawo yotyando, ukuba indawo ibomvu kwaye idumbile, ukuba unomkhuhlane okanye ukubanda, okanye ukuba intlungu iya isiba mandundu, qiniseka ukuba uxelele ugqirha wakho.
- Ukothuka: Ukuba ufumana ukothuka okuninzi ngexesha elifutshane, kusenokwenzeka ukuba yingxamiseko. Yiya kwiSebe lezeMpilo eziNgxamisekileyo (ETU) lesibhedlele ngoko nangoko.
Ibhetri ye-ICD ihlala ixesha elingakanani?
Ibhetri kwi-ICD idla ngokuhlala malunga neminyaka esi-7. Nangona kunjalo, oku kunokwahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwinani leengozi ozifumanayo. Ugqirha wakho uza kujonga i-ICD yakho rhoqo emva kweenyanga ezi-3-6 ukujonga imeko yebhetri. Kungoko ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuya ekliniki ngexesha.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-ICD sisixhobo esincinci, esisindisa ubomi esilawula izingqisho zentliziyo eziyingozi kwaye sithintele ukufa ngequbuliso.
- Nangona olu tyando lukhuselekile ngokubanzi, khumbula ukuba, njengalo naluphi na utyando, kukho iingozi ezithile.
- Xa uhlala ne-ICD, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuhlala kude nemagnethi enamandla kunye nezinye izixhobo ze-elektroniki.
- Soloko uphethe isazisi esibonisa ukuba une-ICD.
- Ukuba ufumana umothuko kwi-ICD, okanye ukuba ubonakalisa iimpawu zosulelo kwindawo yotyando, yazisa ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko.
- Kunyanzelekile ukuba undwendwele iikliniki zonyango ngamaxesha amiselweyo kwaye uhlolwe i-ICD.
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