Mhlawumbi ugqirha wakho ukunike amayeza okukunceda ulale ngcono, ukukunceda uxhalabe, okanye ukukunceda kwiintlungu zemisipha. IiBenzodiazepines luhlobo lwamayeza esithetha ngawo namhlanje. Nangona ziluncedo kwizifo ezininzi, zinokuba yingozi ukuba azisetyenziswa kanye njengoko kuyalelwe. Ngoko masithethe ngayo yonke into ngokucacileyo nangokulula.
Zithini ezi benzodiazepines?
Ngamafutshane, ii-benzodiazepines ziluhlobo lwamayeza anciphisa ukusebenza kwenkqubo yethu yemithambo-luvo, nto leyo eyenza 'izole'. Oku kunciphisa ukusebenza kwenkqubo yemithambo-luvo kunika isiqabu kwiimpawu ezininzi. Zikwaziwa ngokuba zii-"benzos" phakathi koluntu ngokubanzi.
Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba olu hlobo lwamayeza luhlelwa njengeyeza elilawulwayo kumazwe amaninzi, kuquka neSri Lanka. Oku kuthetha ukuba awunakuya nje kwikhemesti uyokuthenga ezi. Ngokuqinisekileyo uyayidinga incwadi kagqirha. Akukho mthethweni ukuba nazo okanye ukuzithenga ngaphandle kwencwadi kagqirha.
Isilumkiso: Kukho isizathu esiphambili sokuba ii-benzodiazepines zibe ngamayeza alawulwayo. Zinokuba nemiphumo eyingozi kakhulu ukuba zisetyenziswa gwenxa. Zikwanomngcipheko wokwenza umkhwa . Ngenxa yezi zizathu, oogqirha banika la mayeza ngononophelo olukhulu. Kuba ukuba inkqubo yemithambo-luvo iba kancinci kakhulu, inokuba yingozi ebomini.
Eli yeza lisebenza njani emzimbeni?
Cinga ngenkqubo yethu yemithambo-luvo njengothungelwano olukhulu lwemiyalezo. Imiyalezo ithunyelwa ngeekhemikhali ezibizwa ngokuba zii-neurotransmitters. Kanye njengokuba isitshixo sifana kwisitshixo, ezi khemikhali zibopha kwii-receptors zazo ezifanelekileyo ukuze ziqalise inkqubo.
IiBenzodiazepines zisebenza ngokuvuselela imveliso yekhemikhali engqondweni yethu ebizwa ngokuba yiGABA (Gamma-aminobutyric acid) . Umsebenzi ophambili wale GABA 'kukuzola', okanye ukucothisa, umsebenzi wenkqubo yethu yemithambo-luvo. Xa lo msebenzi unciphile, sifumana ezi ziphumo zilandelayo:
| Isiphumo | Kalula nje... |
|---|---|
| Uxolo | Eli yeza lithintela ukwakheka kweenkumbulo ezintsha okwethutyana ngelixa zisebenza. Yiyo loo nto zisetyenziselwa ukukhuthaza i-anesthesia ngaphambi kotyando. |
| Ukunciphisa ixhala (i-Anxiolytic) | Iyanciphisa uloyiko, ixhala, kunye novalo kwaye iphumza ingqondo. |
| I-hypnotic | Ukusela ezi zinto kukwenza uzive ulele kwaye kukunceda ulale. |
| I-thomalalisa umzimba | Ithomalalisa inkqubo yemithambo-luvo, izolise umzimba, kwaye iphumze izihlunu. |
Zihlulwa njani ii-benzodiazepines?
La mayeza anokwahlulwa abe ziintlobo ezimbini:
1. Amandla: Ezinye ii-benzodiazepines zinamandla kunezinye, oko kuthetha ukuba zinokuba nefuthe elikhulu xa zinomlinganiselo ophantsi.
2. Ubude bexesha lokusebenza: Amanye amayeza asebenza ixesha elifutshane, oko kuthetha ukuba ahlala iiyure ezimbalwa kuphela. Amanye asebenza ixesha elide, oko kuthetha ukuba anokuhlala iintsuku ezininzi.
Ugqirha wakho uza kukukhetha amayeza ngokusekelwe kwezi zinto zombini. Kwimeko engxamisekileyo, ukuba ufuna isiphumo esikhawulezileyo, unokunikwa amayeza okwethutyana, anamandla. Kwimeko eqhubekayo, unokunikwa amayeza angenamandla kangako, ahlala ixesha elide.
Zeziphi iimeko ezisetyenziswa leli yeza?
La mayeza asetyenziswa kwiimeko ezininzi zonyango.
- Iingxaki zokuxhalaba: Iimeko ezifana nesifo sokuxhalaba kwezentlalo kunye nesifo sokuxhalaba.
- Ukungalali: Ubunzima bokulala kunye neengxaki ezinxulumene nokulala.
- Isifo sokuxhuzula kunye nokuxhuzula: Lawula ukuxhuzula kwaye unyange imeko yesifo sokuxhuzula, imeko engxamisekileyo ebangelwa kukuxhuzula.
- Iingxaki zokulawula izihlunu: Iimeko ezifana nokuqaqamba kwezihlunu.
- Ngaphambi kokwenza i-anesthesia: Ukuzola isigulane nokulahlekelwa yinkumbulo okwethutyana ngaphambi kotyando kunye nezinye iimvavanyo zonyango.
- Ukuyekiswa kotywala: Lawula iimpawu ezibuhlungu ezibakho xa umntu oxhomekeke kutywala eyeka ukusela.
Zeziphi ii-benzodiazepines ezibonakala kakhulu?
Itheyibhile engezantsi idwelisa ezinye ze-benzodiazepines ezisetyenziswa kakhulu eSri Lanka nakwihlabathi liphela, kunye nokusetyenziswa kwazo okuphambili.
| Igama leyeza (igama lophawu) | Isetyenziselwa ntoni ikakhulu? |
|---|---|
| I-Alprazolam (Xanax®) | Ixhala, ukuphazamiseka koloyiko. |
| I-Clonazepam (i-Klonopin®) | Ukuxhuzula, ixhala, ukungazinzi. |
| I-Diazepam (iValium®) | Ixhala, ubunzima bokuyeka utywala, ukuxhuzula kwemisipha, ukuxhuzula, ngaphambi kotyando. |
| I-Lorazepam (Ativan®) | Ixhala, ukungalali, ukuxhuzula, ngaphambi kotyando. |
| I-Midazolam | Unyango lokuthomalalisa ngaphambi kotyando novavanyo, kunye nokuxhuzula. |
Ngoko ke zithini iingxaki kunye neengozi zala mayeza?
Nangona eli yeza liluncedo kakhulu, likwanazo neengozi ezithile. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukukwazi oku.
- Ingozi yokusetyenziswa gwenxa: Abanye abantu basebenzisa ezi zinto ngaphandle kwengcebiso kagqirha. Oko kuyingozi kakhulu.
- Umngcipheko wokwenza umkhwa: Xa kusetyenziswa ixesha elide, umzimba unokuqhelana nalo mayeza, nto leyo enokubangela ukuba umntu axhomekeke kuye aze abe likhoboka lawo.
- Umngcipheko wokusebenzisa amayeza amaninzi: Ukuba usela amayeza amaninzi, inkqubo yemithambo-luvo ingadandatheka ngendlela eyingozi, nto leyo enokubangela ukuba umntu ayeke ukuphefumla, aze afe .
- Ukusebenzisana: Ukusela eli yeza notywala kuyingozi kakhulu. Kwakhona, ukulisebenzisa kunye namanye amayeza, afana nezinye iintlungu ze-opioid, kunokuba nemiphumo eyingozi.
- Ukusetyenziswa kolwaphulo-mthetho: Abanye abaphuli-mthetho basebenzisa esi sidakamizwa ukufaka umntu isiselo bengazi, nto leyo ebangela ukuba alahlekelwe zingqondo aze asisebenzisele izinto ezifana nokuhlasela ngokwesondo okanye ukuphanga. Iziyobisi `Flunitrazepam (Rohypnol)` zidume kakhulu ngale nto.
- Imiphumo ekuqhubeni nasekusebenziseni oomatshini: Eli yeza linokucothisa amandla akho okucinga. Ngoko ke , kufuneka uphephe ukwenza imisebenzi efuna ukulumka, njengokuqhuba okanye ukusebenzisa oomatshini abanzima .
Simele senze ntoni ukuze sihlale sikhuselekile?
Ukuze ufumane okuninzi kula mayeza kwaye uphephe iingozi, ziqaphele ezi zinto.
Iingcebiso kwabo basebenzisa amayeza
1. Sela amayeza akho kanye njengoko ugqirha wakho ekuxelela: Sela idosi emiselweyo, ngexesha elimiselweyo, nangexesha elimiselweyo. Ungaze unyuse idosi ngokuthanda kwakho.
2. Gcina amayeza akho ekhuselekile: Wagcine evalelwe kwindawo ekhuselekileyo apho abantwana bangenakufikelela khona kwaye abanye bengenakuwafikelela lula . Enye yezinto ezixhaphakileyo abantu abazenzayo xa bewasebenzisa kakubi amayeza kukuwaba kwiikhabhathi zamayeza zabanye abantu.
3. Thetha nogqirha wakho ukuba ukhathazekile ngokuba likhoboka: Ukuba ukhathazekile okanye unamathandabuzo okuba usenokuba likhoboka lale mithi, thetha nogqirha wakho ngokukhululekileyo ngayo. Uza kukunceda.
Ungazikhusela njani ekutyeni amayeza anjalo ungaqondi?
Kwiminyhadala yoluntu kunye namatheko, umntu angabeka isiyobisi esifana nesi kwisiselo sakho ngaphandle kokuba wena wazi. Landela la macebiso ukuze uphephe oku.
- Hlala ujonge isiselo sakho: Kwindawo yokusela okanye kwitheko, ungaze ushiye ibhotile yamanzi okanye iglasi yakho nomzuzwana nje. Gquma iglasi yakho ngesandla sakho ngelixa uthetha.
- Musa ukwamkela iziselo ezivela nakubani na: Oku kunokwenzeka nakumntu omaziyo kakuhle kwaye umcingela njengomhlobo. Ngoko ke lumka.
- Lumka xa usela kwiikhonteyina ezisetyenziswa kunye: Ukusela kwisitya esikhulu okanye kwikomityi kunokuba yingozi.
- Ukuba unamathandabuzo, musa ukusela:Ukuba isiselo sakho sinencasa, sinuka, okanye sibukeka sahlukile kancinci, okanye ukuba unesikrokro sokuba kukho umntu ofake into kuso, ungaze usisele . Ukuba uziva ungakhululekanga, cela uncedo ngoko nangoko kumntu omthembileyo.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- IiBenzodiazepines ziluhlobo lwamayeza athomalalisa inkqubo yemithambo-luvo kwaye aluncedo kwiimeko ezininzi zonyango.
- Ezi zifanele zisetyenziswe kuphela njengoko kuyalelwe ngugqirha, kwidosi emiselweyo nangexesha elimiselweyo .
- Ungaze usele utywala xa usebenzisa la mayeza. Kuyingozi kakhulu.
- Thetha nogqirha wakho malunga nomngcipheko wokuba likhoboka lotywala xa uyisebenzisa ixesha elide.
- Soloko ugcina amayeza akho evalelwe kwindawo ekhuselekileyo kude nabantwana nabanye abantu.
- Hlala ukhumbula iziselo zakho kwiminyhadala yoluntu.
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