Ngaba wakha wazibuza ukuba sikugaya njani ukutya okunamafutha esikutyayo, i-coconut sambol esiyitya nerayisi, okanye intlanzi ye-kirikos elungiswe kamnandi emizimbeni yethu? Inkqubo emangalisayo emizimbeni yethu iyanceda kulo msebenzi. Le nkqubo ifana nomthi onamasebe asasazekileyo. Namhlanje sithetha ngale nkqubo ye-biliary (Biliary Tree), ebaluleke kakhulu kwinkqubo yethu yokugaya ukutya kwaye ikwasebenza kakuhle ekususeni inkunkuma emizimbeni yethu.
Kalula nje, yintoni umthi wenyongo?
Inkqubo yenyongo yinethiwekhi yamalungu kunye nemijelo evelisa, igcine, kwaye ithuthe inyongo emizimbeni yethu. Ikwabizwa ngokuba yi-"Biliary Tract" okanye "Biliary System" ngesiNgesi. Ibizwa ngokuba yi-"Biliary Tree" kuba ifana nomthi. Amasebe amancinci alo mthi abizwa ngokuba yi-bile ducts. Amalungu aphambili ale nkqubo zezi:
- Isibindi: Le yeyona mveliso iphambili eyenza inyongo.
- Inyongo: Le yingxowa encinci egcina inxalenye yenyongo eveliswa sisibindi.
- Amathumbu amancinci: Inyongo ekugqibeleni ifika ize iqokelele apha.
Konke oku xa kudibene kunika inkxaso enkulu kwinkqubo yethu yokugaya ukutya.
Zithini iindawo zale nkqubo kunye nemisebenzi yazo?
Cinga ngayo njengenkqubo yamanzi yesixeko. Inxalenye nganye inomsebenzi wayo. Masijonge inxalenye nganye nganye.
| Isitho somzimba / inxalenye yaso | Umsebenzi ulula. |
|---|---|
| Isibindi | Le yindawo ephambili apho inyongo iveliswa khona. Ikwaqokelela inkunkuma, i-cholesterol engafunekiyo, kunye ne-bilirubin egazini iye kwinyongo. Isibindi sikwavelisa ii-asidi zenyongo, ezisinceda ekugayeni ukutya esikutyayo. |
| Imibhobho yenyongo | Ezi ziityhubhu ezincinci ezibonakala ngathi ngamasebe omthi. Inyongo eveliswa esibindini iqokelelwa ize isiwe kwinyongo namathumbu amancinci ngale mibhobho. Uninzi lwale mibhobho mincinci iyadibana ukuze yenze umbhobho wenyongo oqhelekileyo. Nguwo lowo umthi. |
| Inyongo | Oku kufana netanki elincinci lokugcina. Enye yenyongo evela esibindini igcinwa apha. Xa sitya isidlo esinamafutha, sidinga inyongo engakumbi ukuze siyigaye. Ngelo xesha, inyongo iyafinyela ize ikhuphe inyongo egciniweyo iye kwi-main bile duct. |
| I-Pancreas | Nangona ingeyona nxalenye yenkqubo yenyongo ngokuthe ngqo, iqhagamshelwe kuyo kwaye isebenza kunye nayo. I-pancreas ikhupha ii-enzymes ezifunekayo ukuze kugaywe ukutya. Umjelo ezi enzymes ziphuma kuwo ubizwa ngokuba yi-pancreatic duct, edibanisa umjelo wenyongo oyintloko ize ivulekele emathunjini amancinci. |
| Ndibonise uthando | Iienzymes zenyongo kunye nepancreas ekugqibeleni zifika apha. Kulapho amafutha (iioyile) ekutyeni aqhekeka khona aze acolwe ngokufanelekileyo. Kulapho izondlo ezicoliweyo zifunxwa khona emzimbeni. |
Ziziphi izifo neengxaki eziqhelekileyo ezichaphazela i-gallbladder?
Ngenxa yokuba zonke iindawo zale nkqubo zidibene, ukuba ingxaki iyenzeka kwenye indawo, inokuchaphazela nezinye iindawo. Kanye njengokuba inxalenye enye yenkqubo yemibhobho yamanzi ivalekile, amanzi kuyo yonke inkqubo ayayeka ukuhamba.
Into ebalulekileyo kukuba ukuba kukho ukuvaleka kwesi sixokelelwano, ukuhamba kwenyongo kuyayeka. Emva koko loo nyongo inokubuya iqokelele egazini. Oku kunokubangela iingxaki ezinkulu zempilo.
Nazi ezinye zezona ngxaki zixhaphakileyo:
- Amatye enyongo: Le yimeko eqhelekileyo abantu abaninzi abaye beva ngayo. Izinto ezifana ne-cholesterol kwinyongo ziyaqina zibe ngamatye amancinci. Ukuba la matye ayanamathela kwimibhobho yenyongo, anokuthintela ukuhamba kwenyongo, nto leyo ebangela iintlungu ezinkulu , usulelo, kunye nezinye iingxaki.
- I-Cholestasis: Oku kwenzeka xa ukuhamba kwenyongo kucotha kakhulu okanye kuyeka ngokupheleleyo. Le meko inokwenzeka ngamanye amaxesha ngexesha lokukhulelwa.
- Ukuqina kwenyongo:Usulelo, umhlaza, okanye enye imeko yezonyango inokubangela ukuba izicubu ezibomvu zivele ngaphakathi kwi-bile duct, zivale i-duct. Oku kwenza kube nzima ukuba i-bile ihambe.
- Isifo sesibindi: Ukusebenza kwesibindi kuyaphazamiseka ngenxa yomonakalo wesibindi ngokuhamba kwexesha. Oku kubangela ukuba isibindi singabi nakho ukuvelisa inyongo ngokufanelekileyo.
Ukongeza kwezi, umhlaza (umhlaza we-bile duct, umhlaza we-gallbladder, umhlaza we-pancreatic) kunye nezinye iimeko ezithile zonyango zinokuchaphazela inkqubo ye-biliary.
Uyazi njani ukuba unale ngxaki? Zithini iimpawu zayo?
Ukuba kukho ingxaki kwinkqubo yakho yenyongo, umzimba wakho uya kukunika iimpawu ezahlukeneyo ngayo. Ukuba unenye okanye ngaphezulu kwezi, kubaluleke kakhulu ukubona ugqirha ukuze akunike ingcebiso.
| Uphawu | Icacisiwe ngokulula |
|---|---|
| I-Jaundice | Amhlophe emehlweni naselusu ajika abe mthubi. Oku kungenxa yokuba inyongo ayikhutshwa kakuhle, kwaye i-bilirubin etyheli ekwi-pigment iqokelelana egazini. |
| Intlungu yesisu esingaphezulu | Intlungu kwicala lasekunene lesisu, ngaphantsi kweembambo. Le ntlungu inokubangelwa sisibindi, inyongo, okanye imibhobho yenyongo. |
| Intlungu ebuhlungu yesisu (i-Biliary colic) | Oku akusibuhlungu besisu obuqhelekileyo. Yintlungu ekhawulezileyo nenganyamezelekiyo efika ngequbuliso xa ilitye lenyongo libhajwa kwinyongo. Isenokuhamba nesicaphucaphu nokuhlanza. |
| Indle enamafutha, ekhanyayo (iSteatorrhea) | Xa inyongo ingafiki kakuhle emathunjini amancinci, amafutha akukutya awagaywa. Oku kunokubangela ukuba indle ibe mhlophe, ibe namafutha, kwaye idada emanzini. |
Ezinye iimpawu
- Umchamo onombala omnyama (njengamanzi eti)
- Ukukrwela ulusu
- Sindwe kakhulu.
- Ukunciphisa umzimba ngaphandle kwesizathu
- Ifiva
Ukuba unayo nayiphi na kwezi mpawu, musa ukuzityeshela. Bonana nogqirha wakho ngoko nangoko.
Oogqirha bazixilonga njani ezi meko?
Xa usiya kugqirha, uza kukubuza ngeempawu zakho aze akuhlole. Emva koko unokuyalela iimvavanyo ezininzi ukuqinisekisa ukuba unesifo.
- Uvavanyo lwegazi: Olu vavanyo lunokujonga amanqanaba ee-enzymes kwisibindi nakwi-pancreas ukuze kubonwe ukuba kukho umonakalo kuloo malungu omzimba.
- Uvavanyo lomfanekiso:
- Iskeni ye-ultrasound: Oku kunokuzibona lula izinto ezifana namatye enyongo kunye nokudumba.
- I-CT scan: Oku kunokubonelela ngomfanekiso ocacileyo wangaphakathi lomzimba.
- Uvavanyo olukhethekileyo:
- I-MRCP (iMagnetic Resonance Cholangiopancreatography): Olu luhlobo lwe-MRI scan. Lusetyenziselwa ukufumana imifanekiso eneenkcukacha ze-bile ducts kunye ne-pancreatic ducts.
- I-ERCP (i-Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography): Olu luvavanyo kunye nonyango. I-endoscope (ityhubhu enekhamera eqhotyoshelweyo) ifakwa ngomlomo, idayi ifakwe kwimibhobho yenyongo, kwaye kuthathwa ii-X-ray. Ukuba into efana nelitye inamathele ngeli xesha, inokususwa nayo.
Wenza ntoni njengonyango?
Unyango luxhomekeke kwimeko yakho yempilo.
- Ukukhupha inyongo: Ukuba umbhobho wenyongo uvalekile, ngamanye amaxesha umbhobho omncinci ufakwa esiswini ukuze kukhutshwe inyongo egqithisileyo eqokeleleneyo.
- Unyango lwe-Endoscopic: Ngexesha le-ERCP, ityhubhu encinci (i-stent) inokufakwa ukuze kususwe ukuvaleka, kuthathwe isampuli yezicubu (i-biopsy), okanye kugcinwe umbhobho uvulekile.
- Utyando: Ukuba unamatshe enyongo, unyango oluqhelekileyo kukususa inyongo ngotyando.
Ngoko ke, inkqubo yakho yenyongo ayisiyonkqubo nje ehambisa inyongo. Yinkqubo ebalulekileyo ekunceda ekugayeni ukutya, ekufunxeni izondlo, kwaye ikwahlambulula negazi lakho.
Ukuba le nkqubo ayisebenzi kakuhle, inokuchaphazela impilo yakho iyonke, ngoko ke kubaluleke kakhulu ukuyinyamekela.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Umthi wenyongo luthungelwano olubalulekileyo lwamalungu anceda imizimba yethu ukuba itye ukutya kwaye isuse inkunkuma.
- Ukuba ulusu okanye amehlo akho ajika abe tyheli (i-jaundice), unentlungu eqatha kwinxalenye ephezulu ngasekunene yesisu sakho, okanye indle yakho itshintshile umbala, oko kungaba luphawu lwengxaki kwinkqubo yenyongo.
- Musa ukuyityeshela le mpawu. Ezi zinokuba ziimpawu zesifo esinzulu, ngoko bonana nogqirha wakho ngokukhawuleza ukuze ufumane ingcebiso kwezonyango.
- Unokunceda ukugcina impilo yenkqubo yakho yenyongo ngokugcina ukutya okunempilo nokulawula ubunzima bomzimba wakho.
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