Ngaba amehlo omntwana wakho ahlala ekrazula? Okanye uvuka kusasa amehlo omabini ekrazukile kwaye iinkophe zakho zinamathelene? Ngamanye amaxesha, nokuba ungumntu omdala, usenokuba ukhe waziva iinyembezi ziphuma rhoqo kwelinye iliso ngaphandle kwesizathu. Kuqhelekile ukuba uzive usoyika kancinci xa ubona into efana nale. Kodwa isizathu soku sidla ngokuba yimeko ebizwa ngokuba yi-"blocked tear ducts," esithetha ngayo namhlanje. Akukho nto yokoyika, masithethe ngayo yonke into ngokulula.
Yintoni i-Blocked Tear Duct?
Ngamafutshane, oku kuthetha ukuba iinyembezi eziveliswa emehlweni ethu aziphumi kakuhle, kodwa zinamathela ndaweni ithile kuloo nkqubo. Ngokwezonyango, oku sikubiza ngokuba yi-"Nasolacrimal Duct Obstruction".
Ngoku, iinyembezi zibalulekile ukuze amehlo ethu asebenze kakuhle. Iinyembezi zigcina amehlo efumile kwaye ethanjiswe. Zikwanceda i-cornea ukuba ifumane ioksijini eyidingayo kwaye ikhusele iliso kwiintsholongwane.
Umzekelo ongcono wokuqonda oku ngumsele ophezu kophahla lwendlu. Khawuthelekelele, umsele ulapho ukuze uqokelele amanzi awela eluphahleni aze awathwale ngepayipi. Kodwa kwenzeka ntoni ukuba lo msele uvalekile ngamagqabi nothuli? Amanzi awawi, kodwa aphuma emseleni. Kunjalo nangenkqubo yethu yokukrazula. Xa iinyembezi zingawi kakuhle kwaye zivalekile, ziqala ukuphuma emehlweni.
Nantsi indlela esebenza ngayo inkqubo yethu yokukhupha iinyembezi:
Masifunde kancinci ngolu hambo.
- Iipunctae: Ukuba uzijonga esipilini, uya kubona ukuba kukho imingxunya emibini emincinci ngaphakathi kweenkophe zethu eziphezulu nezisezantsi, kufutshane nempumlo. Iinyembezi ziqala ukuphuma emehlweni ngale mingxunya mibini ibizwa ngokuba yi-"puncta", esebenza njengemingxunya esesityeni samanzi.
- I-canaliculi encinci: Iinyembezi ezingena ngaloo mingxuma mibini zingena kwiityhubhu ezimbini ezintle kakhulu ezibizwa ngokuba yi-"canaliculi." Ezi tyhubhu zimbini ziyadibana zenze ityhubhu enye encinci.
- Umjelo weNasolacrimal: Iinyembezi ziyahamba ziye kumjelo we-nasolacrimal, othwala iinyembezi ziye empumlweni.
- Ivalvu kaHasner: Ezantsi kwale duct yokukrazula, apho ivulekela khona empumlweni, kukho ivalvu ebizwa ngokuba yi-"Valve of Hasner". Ngokwesiqhelo, le valve ivuleka ngaphambi kokuba sizalwe. Nangona kunjalo, ezinye iintsana azikavulwa xa zizalwa. Kulapho ke kuxhaphake kakhulu ukuvaleka kweduct yokukrazula yokuzalwa.
Ixhaphake kangakanani le meko?
Imibhobho yokukrazula iinyembezi evalekileyo ixhaphake kakhulu kwiintsana ezisandul’ ukuzalwa. Ngokwezifundo, le meko ichaphazela phakathi kwe-6% kunye ne-20% yeentsana ezisandul’ ukuzalwa. Nangona kunjalo, ayixhaphakanga kangako kubantu abadala.
Zithini iimpawu zemibhobho yeenyembezi evalekileyo?
Kukho iimpawu ezininzi ezinokubonakala kule meko. Ngamanye amaxesha oku kuthinteleka kunokukhokelela kwiintsholongwane. Makhe sijonge ezi mpawu ngokusondeleyo.
| Uphawu | Inkcazo |
|---|---|
| Amehlo anamanzi | Ukuhlala uziva umanzi okanye iinyembezi zisihla ezidleleni zakho ngaphandle kwesizathu, ngaphandle kokukhala. Kwizonyango, oku kukwabizwa ngokuba yi-`(epiphora)`. |
| Ukudumba/ukudumba kwamehlo | Xa uvuka kusasa, iinkophe zakho zinamathelene kwaye zinombala otyheli okanye oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Olu phawu lunokuqokelelana imini yonke. |
| Ukuhlikihla amehlo rhoqo okanye ngeenxa zonke kuwo | Ngenxa yokungakhululeki kwamehlo, ingakumbi iintsana ezincinci, zihlala zizama ukuhlikihla amehlo okanye iimpumlo zazo. |
| Ukubomvu kwamehlo kunye nokudumba | Ukuchukumisa nokuhlikihla rhoqo kunokubangela ukuba ulusu olujikeleze amehlo lube bomvu kwaye ludumbe kancinci. |
| Umbono ofipheleyo | Umbono ungabonakala ungacacanga ngenxa yokuba kukho i-draip film ehlala ihleli emehlweni. |
| Iimpawu zosulelo | |
| Ukudumba/ukuba bomvu kombhobho weenyembezi | Indawo ephakathi kwekona engaphakathi yeliso nempumlo inokuba bomvu, idumbe, kwaye ibe buhlungu xa uyichukumisa. |
| Ifiva | Ukuba usulelo lusasazeka emzimbeni wonke, umkhuhlane unokubakho. |
| Ukungonwabi kunye nokucaphuka | Ingakumbi iintsana ezincinci zihlala zikhala kwaye azifuni ukutya okanye ukusela ngenxa yentlungu nokungonwabi. |
| Intlungu yamehlo | Usenokuziva intlungu efana noxinzelelo ngaphakathi kweliso okanye kwiisinuses. |
Kutheni imibhobho yokukrazula ivaleka ngolu hlobo?
Kunokubakho izizathu ezahlukeneyo zoku. Ezinye zizalwa nazo, ngelixa ezinye zikhula kamva ebomini.
| Isizathu | Ingcaciso elula |
|---|---|
| Ukuvaleka kokuzalwa | |
| Ivalvu kaHasner ayivuli | Esi sesona sizathu siphambili sokuba abantwana abaninzi babe nale meko. Ivalvu kaHasner, ekufuneka ivuleke xa izalwa, ayivuli, ngoko ke iinyembezi azingeni empumlweni kwaye zivaleke. |
| Izizathu Ezifunyenweyo | |
| Iintsholongwane | Usulelo oluqhelekileyo olungaphakathi okanye olujikeleze iliso lunokubangela ukuba kubekho izicubu ezibomvu, zinciphise okanye zivale umbhobho wokukrazula. |
| Ukwenzakala | Umbhobho ungavaleka ngenxa yokudumba okanye utshintsho lwezicubu olubangelwa kukwenzakala okanye utyando ebusweni, emehlweni, okanye empumlweni. |
| I-Dacryostenosis | Abanye abantu banokuzalwa benemibhobho emincinci yokukrazula, okanye basenokuncipha kancinci kancinci njengoko bekhula. |
| Ukwaluphala | Njengoko sikhula, iimbobo kunye nemibhobho kwinkqubo yethu yokukrazula ngokwemvelo ziqala ukubhitya, nto leyo enye imbangela yokuvaleka. |
| Iithumba okanye ukukhula | Oku kunqabile kakhulu, kodwa kunokubangelwa zizimila eziqhelekileyo okanye ezinomhlaza ezikhula kwinkqubo yemibhobho yokukrala. |
| Amatye okukrazula (iiDacryoliths) | Izinto ezikwiinyembezi zinokuqokelelana zenze amatye amancinci (ii-dacryoliths) ngaphakathi kombhobho wokukrazula, afana namatye ezintso. Ukuba la matye aba makhulu, anokuvala umbhobho. |
Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukubona ugqirha uze ufumane unobangela ochanekileyo, endaweni yokuzama ukuzinyanga kwangoko nje ukuba uqaphela ezi mpawu.
Gqirha, uyixilonga njani le nto?
Ngokwesiqhelo, ugqirha unokufumana umbono wemeko ngokubuza ngeempawu zakho aze ahlole iliso lakho kunye nendawo engqongileyo.
Ukongeza, ngamanye amaxesha uvavanyo olulula olubizwa ngokuba yi-"Dye Disappearance Test" lunokwenziwa.
- Oku kuquka ukufaka ithontsi ledayi ekhethekileyo ebizwa ngokuba yi-'fluorescein'' esweni lakho.
- Le pigment ikhazimla phantsi kokukhanya okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.
- Emva kwemizuzu emi-5, ugqirha ujonga ukuba umbala awusekho na kweliso okanye ukuba usakhona na.
- Ukuba umbhobho wokukrazula usebenza kakuhle, le pigment mayingabikho.Ukuba kusekho umbala osele esweni, oko kuthetha ukuba kukho ukuvaleka okupheleleyo okanye okuncinci kombhobho wokukrazula.
Ukuba kukho esinye isizathu sokuvaleka kwemithambo, ungathunyelwa kwezinye iimvavanyo ezikhethekileyo.
Ziziphi iindlela zonyango zemibhobho yeenyembezi evalekileyo?
Le yimeko enokunyangwa kakhulu, kodwa iindlela zonyango ziyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwiminyaka kunye nezinye izinto.
Unyango lweentsana ezincinci
Ukuba usana olusandul’ ukuzalwa lunesi simo, ludla ngokuziphelela xa lufikelela kumhla walo wokuqala wokuzalwa kwiimeko ezimalunga nama-90%. Nangona kunjalo, kungcono ukunyanga ukuze kuthintelwe usulelo kwaye kukhawuleziswe ukuchacha.
- Indlela Yokuphulula: Olu lolona nyango lubalulekileyo nolusebenzayo kwiintsana. Ugqirha wakho uza kukufundisa indlela echanekileyo yokwenza oku. Ngokuphulula kancinci indawo ephakathi kwekona yangaphakathi yeliso nempumlo ngendlela efanelekileyo, ungacinezela ivalvu engavulekanga kwaye uyincede ivuleke.
- Ii-antibiotics: Ukuba iliso lakho lizele bubomvu kakhulu, oko kuthetha ukuba kukho usulelo, ugqirha wakho uya kukunika amaconsi eliso alwa namagciwane.
Ukuba umntwana akaphucuki ngale ndlela yokumasaja emva konyaka, ugqirha angamthumela umntwana kwezinye iindlela zonyango.
Unyango lwabantu abadala kunye nabanye
Ukuphulula umzimba akusebenzi kubantu abadala, ngoko ke kufuneka ezinye iindlela.
- Ukwandisa, Ukuhlola, kunye nokuNcenkceshela: Le yinkqubo elula.
1. Ukwanda: Okokuqala, imingxunya emincinci (i-puncta) esweni ivulwa kancinci ngesixhobo esikhethekileyo.
2. Ukuphanda: Emva koko kudluliselwa isixhobo esincinci kakhulu kwityhubhu ukuze kufunyanwe indawo evalekileyo kwaye kuzanywe ukuyisusa.
3. Ukunkcenkceshela: Okokugqibela, ulwelo lwetyuwa ludluliselwa kwityhubhu ukuqinisekisa ukuba lucocekile kwaye luvuleke kakuhle.
- Ukwanda kweBhaluni: Ngamanye amaxesha, ukuba umjelo uncinci kakhulu, kufakwa isixhobo esincinci esinebhaluni kumjelo kwaye ibhaluni iyavuthelwa ukuze ivule umjelo ngaphakathi.
- Ukufunxa okanye ukufunxa: Ukuba umbhobho uncipha ngokuphindaphindiweyo, umbhobho omncinci kakhulu owenziwe nge-silicone (stent) unokufakwa okwethutyana ngaphakathi kombhobho ukuze uhlale uvulekile. Lo mbhobho uyasuswa emva kweenyanga ezimbalwa.
- Iinkqubo Zotyando: Ukuba akukho nyango luphumeleleyo, utyando lunokufuneka.
- I-DCR (Dacryocystorhinostomy): Oku kuquka ukudala indlela entsha yokuba iinyembezi zingene empumlweni, zidlule kwindawo evalekileyo.
- I-CDCR (iConjunctivodacryocystorhinostomy):Olu lutyando olunzima ngakumbi. Lwenziwa kwiimeko apho yonke inkqubo yokukrazula yakhiwe ngokutsha.
Ngaba kukho iindlela zokuthintela imibhobho yokukrazula iinyembezi evalekileyo?
Enyanisweni, izinto ezininzi ezibangela oku azinakuqikelelwa kwaye zingaphaya kwamandla ethu. Ngoko ke, akukho ndlela yokuthintela oku nge-100%.
Nangona kunjalo, singenza oku kulandelayo ukunciphisa umngcipheko wosulelo olunokukhokelela ekuvalekeni:
- Hlamba izandla zakho ngesepha rhoqo.
- Yeka ukuchukumisa nokukhuhla amehlo ngokungeyomfuneko.
- Ukuba unxiba iilensi zokunxibelelana, zicoce kakuhle kwaye uzitshintshe ngexesha elifanelekileyo.
- Musa ukwabelana ngezithambiso zamehlo (ezifana ne-mascara, i-eyeliner) nabanye. Kwakhona, zitshintshe rhoqo emva kweenyanga ezi-3-6.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Imibhobho yokukrala iinyembezi evalekileyo ixhaphake kakhulu, ingakumbi kwiintsana ezisandul’ ukuzalwa. Zihlala zikwazi ukuzikhulula zodwa kunyaka wokuqala.
- Ukukrazuka rhoqo kunye nokurhawuzelelwa kwamehlo zezona mpawu ziphambili.
- Le meko ingakhokelela kwiintsholongwane, ngoko ke musa ukuzityeshela iimpawu.
- Indlela yokuphulula ekhethekileyo efundiswa ngugqirha kwiintsana lunyango olusebenzayo kakhulu.
- Kubantu abadala, kukho iindlela ezahlukeneyo zonyango ezisebenzayo zokususa ukuvaleka.
- Ukuba wena okanye umntwana wakho unale mpawu, qiniseka ukuba ubona ugqirha ukuze ufumane ukuxilongwa ngokuchanekileyo kunye nesicwangciso sonyango.
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