Ngaba wakha wayiva i-pulse yakho waza wacinga, "Wow, oko kucotha kakhulu"? Okanye wakha wafumana isilumkiso 'se-low heart rate' kwi-smart watch yakho? Mhlawumbi ukhe waziva unesizungu waza umntu wathi, "I-heart rate yam icotha kancinci." Le ntliziyo icothayo yile nto sithetha ngayo namhlanje, imeko ebizwa ngokuba yi-"Bradycardia" ngokwezonyango.
Ngamafutshane, yintoni iBradycardia?
I-Bradycardia, okanye i-bradyarrhythmia, kuxa intliziyo yakho ibetha ngaphantsi kwamaxesha angama-60 ngomzuzu xa uphumle, oko kukuthi, xa umile nje, ungabaleki okanye utsiba. Isantya sentliziyo esiqhelekileyo somntu omdala osempilweni siphakathi kwe-60 kunye ne-100 beats ngomzuzu. Ngoko ke xa singaphantsi kwe-60, sibiza ngokuba yi-bradycardia ecothayo.
Kodwa eyona nto ibalulekileyo apha kukuba ngalo lonke ixesha isantya sentliziyo sihla ngaphantsi kwama-60, asisosifo okanye into yokoyika. Cinga ngomntu ozilolonga kakuhle nodlala imidlalo. Sibabiza ngokuba `(abadlali)`. Ngenxa yokuba iintliziyo zabo ziqhele ukusebenza kakuhle, banokumpompa inani legazi elifunekayo emzimbeni ngexesha elinye. Ke ngoko, nokuba iintliziyo zabo zibetha ngokukhawuleza, akukho ngxaki emzimbeni. Kwakhona, kuqhelekile ukuba isantya sentliziyo sinciphe kancinci nokuba silele kakuhle. Oku kukwabizwa ngokuba `(sinus bradycardia)`. Oko kuthetha ukuba intliziyo ibetha ngokwendalo, ngaphandle kwengxaki kwinkqubo yombane yentliziyo.
Nangona kunjalo, ukuba awungomdlali weqonga kwaye uvakalelwa kukuba isantya sentliziyo yakho siphantsi rhoqo, kungcono ukuthetha nogqirha ngayo.
Zithini iimpawu zomntu one-bradycardia?
Abantu abaninzi, ingakumbi abo badlala imidlalo abakhankanyiweyo ngaphambili, banentliziyo ebetha kancinci kwaye abanazo iimpawu. Abanazo iingxaki. Kodwa ngamanye amaxesha, nokuba akukho zimpawu, kunokubakho isizathu sonyango lwangaphakathi.
Kodwa xa isantya sentliziyo sincipha, oko kuthetha ukuba intliziyo ayikwazi ukupompa igazi elaneleyo elinomoya-mpilo emzimbeni, iimpawu ezithile zinokuvela. Nazi iimpawu:
| Uphawu | Ingcaciso elula |
|---|---|
| Isiyezi okanye ukuba nentloko ebuhlungu | Imeko ebangelwa kukungaphumi kakuhle kwegazi engqondweni. Usenokuziva ngathi uza kuwa xa umi. |
| Ukuquleka | Ukuba isantya sentliziyo siyehla kakhulu, ukuhamba kwegazi ukuya engqondweni kunokuphazamiseka okwethutyana, nto leyo ebangela ukuba umntu alahlekelwe yingqondo. |
| Ukudideka okanye ubunzima bokugxila | Ngenxa yokuba ichaphazela ukusebenza kwengqondo, kunokuba nzima ukugxila nokukhumbula izinto. |
| Ukuqhawukelwa ngumphefumlo | Xa izicubu zomzimba zingafumani ioksijini eziyidingayo, zizama ukuphefumla ngokukhawuleza ukuze zibuyisele amandla azo. Ziziva zidiniwe nangona zisebenze kancinci. |
| Iintlungu zesifuba | Olu hlobo lwentlungu lunokwenzeka xa ukuhanjiswa kwegazi entliziyweni kuncipha. |
| Ukudinwa | Usenokuziva udiniwe kwaye ulele ngalo lonke ixesha kuba izihlunu zomzimba wakho kunye namalungu omzimba awafumani amandla awadingayo. |
| Ukubetha kwentliziyo | Ngamanye amaxesha isingqi sentliziyo yakho sinokuvakala singaqhelekanga, njengokungathi iyatsiba isingqi, okanye sinokuvakala ngathi ibetha ngamandla kakhulu ngaxeshanye. |
Kubalulekile: Ukuba uyazi ukuba isantya sentliziyo yakho siphantsi kwaye unayo nayiphi na kwezi mpawu, kubalulekile ukufuna ingcebiso kagqirha ngokukhawuleza.
Kutheni izinga lentliziyo lihla ngolu hlobo? (Izizathu)
Intliziyo ayisiyonto nje yenyama. Inenkqubo yombane entsonkothileyo ngaphakathi kuyo. Ezi mpawu zombane zezona zenza intliziyo ibethe ngesingqi. Eyona nto ibangela i-bradycardia kukuba kukho ingxaki ngale nkqubo yombane. Kufana naxa i-intanethi endlwini yethu icotha, okanye iTV ilahlekelwa yisignali.
Kukho imiba emibini ephambili echaphazela oku:
1. Ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwe-Sinus node: Intliziyo inenxalenye esebenza njenge-pacemaker yendalo. Ibizwa ngokuba yi-sinus node. Inika intliziyo umqondiso wokuba ibethe ngesantya esithile. Xa le node ingasebenzi kakuhle, isantya sentliziyo siyehla.
2. Ibloko lentliziyo: Oku kwenzeka xa imiqondiso yombane evela kumagumbi aphezulu entliziyo (i-atria) ingahambi kakuhle ukuya kumagumbi asezantsi (i-mitra). Oku kudala uhlobo 'lwebloko letrafikhi' kwindlela yesignali.
Kulungile, ngoku masibone ukuba zeziphi ezinye izizathu ezibangela ukuba le nkqubo yombane iphazamiseke.
- Ukwaluphala: Emva kweminyaka engama-70, inkqubo yombane yentliziyo inokuba buthathaka ngokwendalo.
- Ezinye iimeko zonyango:
- Isifo sentliziyo: Izinto ezifana nokuhlaselwa yintliziyo ngaphambili, isifo sentliziyo, kunye nesifo sentliziyo sokuzalwa.
- I-thyroid engasebenzi kakuhle: Xa le hormone incipha, isantya sentliziyo, njengayo yonke into emzimbeni, siyehla.
- Ukungalingani kwe-electrolyte: Le meko inokwenzeka ukuba kukho ukwanda okanye ukuncipha kwe-electrolytes, njenge-potassium, egazini.
- I-Obstructive sleep apnea: Le meko, apho ukuphefumla kuyeka xa ulele, inokubangela ukuba intliziyo ibethe kancinci.
- Iintsholongwane: Ezinye izifo, ezifana nesifo sikaLyme kunye nesifo sikaChagas, zinokuchaphazela izihlunu zentliziyo kwaye zibangele le meko.
- Ezinye izifo: Izifo ezibangela ukudumba emzimbeni, ezifana ne-rheumatoid arthritis kunye ne-lupus.
- Amayeza athile: Amayeza afana ne-"beta-blockers" kunye ne-"calcium channel blockers" yoxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu, amayeza ezinye iingxaki zesingqisho sentliziyo, kunye namayeza kwezinye izifo zengqondo nawo anokubangela isantya sentliziyo esicothayo njengesiphumo esingesihle.
- Utyando lwentliziyo: Le meko inokwenzeka njengengxaki emva kotyando lwentliziyo.
Ugqirha uyifumana njani le nto?
Xa usiya kugqirha, uza kuqala akubuze ngeempawu zakho ngokweenkcukacha. Uza kukubuza izinto ezifana nokuba sele unexesha elingakanani unale ngxaki, ixesha elingakanani ziqhubeka, kwaye xa zisiba mandundu (umz., xa uzilolonga, xa utshintsha indawo). Ngoko ke, ukuba unako, kunokuba luncedo kakhulu ukubhala ezi zinto kwincwadi yemibuzo.
Emva koko uza kuhlolwa kwaye, ukuba kuyimfuneko, uyalelwe ukuba wenze iimvavanyo ezininzi ezifana nezi:
- I-ECG (i-Electrocardiogram): Olu lolona vavanyo lubalulekileyo. Lubonisa ukusebenza kombane kwentliziyo yakho kangangexesha elimalunga nomzuzu. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba awukwazi ukwenza oku ngelixa uneempawu, ingxaki isenokungabhalwa kwi-ECG.
- Ukubeka esweni okuhambahambayo: Oku kufana nomatshini omncinci we-ECG owuthatha uye nawo ekhaya. Unamathele emzimbeni wakho iiyure ezingama-24, ezingama-48, okanye nangaphezulu. Uhlala urekhoda isigqi sentliziyo yakho ngelixa usenza imisebenzi yakho yemihla ngemihla.
- Uvavanyo lwegazi: Jonga izinto ezifana namanqanaba etyuwa yomzimba kunye namanqanaba ehomoni ye-thyroid.
- I-Echocardiogram: Olu `luvavanyo` lwentliziyo. Lunceda ukubona izinto ezifana nolwakhiwo lwentliziyo kunye nomsebenzi weevalvu.
- Uvavanyo loxinzelelo lomzimba: Kuthathwa i-ECG ngelixa uzilolonga ukuze ubone indlela intliziyo yakho esabela ngayo kuxinzelelo.
- Uphononongo lokulala: Olu vavanyo lunokucetyiswa ukuba ukrokrela ukuba une-sleep apnea.
Ziziphi iindlela zonyango lweBradycardia?
Unyango luxhomekeke kwisizathu sentliziyo yakho ecothayo kunye nendlela echaphazela ngayo umzimba wakho.
1. Ukutshintsha amayeza: Ukuba le meko ibangelwa yimithi oyiselayo kwenye imeko, ugqirha wakho unokukwazi ukunciphisa umthamo okanye akunike elinye iyeza. Ungaze uyeke okanye utshintshe amayeza wedwa.
2. Ukunyanga imeko engundoqo: Ukuba yingxaki ye-thyroid, amayeza anokunikwa ukuyinyanga, kwaye ukuba kukungalingani kwetyuwa, ukuyilungisa kunokuyinyanga ngokupheleleyo loo meko.
3. Amayeza kaxakeka: Ukuba iimpawu ziya zisiba mandundu kwaye ulaliswe esibhedlele, amayeza anjenge-atropine anikwa nge-IV ( saline ) ukuze anyuse izinga lentliziyo ngoko nangoko.
4. Isixhobo sokuncedisa intliziyo ukuba ihlale ingasebenzi kakuhle: Ukuba inkqubo yombane yentliziyo ibuthathaka ngokusisigxina ngenxa yokwaluphala okanye esinye isizathu esinganyangekiyo, isisombululo esingcono kukufaka isixhobo sokuncedisa intliziyo ukuba ihambe kakuhle. Esi sisixhobo esincinci esifana nebhetri. Sifakwa phantsi kwesikhumba sesifuba ngotyando oluncinci. Nanini na xa isantya sentliziyo sihla ngaphantsi kwenqanaba elifunekayo, esi sixhobo sithumela isignali yombane encinci ukubuyisela isingqisho sentliziyo.
Ufanele uye kugqirha nini? Xa kungxamisekile?
Nokuba une-bradycardia okanye akunjalo, licebo elihle ukuba wonke umntu aye kuxilongwa ngugqirha ubuncinane kanye ngonyaka. Oku kunokunceda ekuchongeni ezinye iingxaki ngaphambi kokuba kuvele iimpawu.
Nangona kunjalo, kwiimeko ezilandelayo, kufuneka ufune unyango ngokukhawuleza . Ukuba kunokwenzeka, yiya ngqo kwiYunithi yoNyango oluNgxamisekileyo (ETU) yesibhedlele.
- Ukuba intliziyo yakho ibetha kancinci, kunye neempawu ezifana neentlungu zesifuba, ukuphefumla kancinci, isiyezi esiqatha, okanye ukuquleka .
- Ukuba izinga lokubetha kwentliziyo yakho lingaphantsi kwama-40 ngomzuzu (ngaphandle kokuba oku kuqhelekile kuwe).
- Isantya sentliziyo esihla ngaphantsi kwe-30 beats ngomzuzu sinokuba yingozi kuba ingqondo isenokungafumani ioksijini efunekayo.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-Bradycardia kuxa intliziyo yakho ibetha ngaphantsi kwezihlandlo ezingama-60 ngomzuzu xa uphumle.
- Oku akusoloko kuyingozi. Kuqhelekile kubadlali bezemidlalo naxa belele.
- Ukuba uneempawu ezifana nesiyezi, isicaphucaphu, ubunzima bokuphefumla, kunye nentlungu yesifuba, isenokuba yimeko enzima.
- Ukuba uziva ukuba isantya sentliziyo yakho siphantsi kwaye uneempawu, bonana nogqirha wakho ngoko nangoko.
- Xa unobangela ufunyenwe kwaye unyangwa, le meko idla ngokunyangeka ngokupheleleyo okanye ilawulwe kakuhle.
- Musa ukuyeka ukuthatha naliphi na iyeza okanye utshintshe umthamo ngaphandle kwengcebiso kagqirha wakho.
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