Ingaba unomthambo okrazukileyo entanyeni yakho? (Ukuqhaqhwa kwemithambo yomlomo wesibeleko) Masifunde ngayo.

Ukuba ngequbuliso siva iintlungu eziqatha entanyeni okanye entlokweni yethu, okanye ukuba umntu oselula ufumana iimpawu ezifana nestroke, siyakhathazeka kancinci, akunjalo? Ngamanye amaxesha unobangela omkhulu wezi zinto yimeko ebizwa ngokuba yi-ruptured artery entanyeni. Makhe sithethe ngale nto ngokweenkcukacha nangokulula namhlanje.

Yintoni ukuSuswa kwemithambo yoMqala?

Ngamafutshane, ukuqhekeka komthambo womlomo wesibeleko kukukrazuka okanye ukuqhekeka kolunye okanye ngaphezulu kodonga lwemithambo yegazi, okanye imithambo yegazi, entanyeni yethu. Kufana nokugqabhuka okuncinci kumbhobho wamanzi.

Ubusazi na, kukho iintlobo ezimbini ezibalulekileyo zemithambo yegazi entanyeni zethu?

1. Imithambo yeCarotid: Le yimithambo ehambisa igazi ngaphambili kwengqondo yethu.

2. Imithambo yomqolo: Le inika igazi ngasemva kwengqondo nakwithambo lomqolo.

Ngoko ke, ukuba kukho ukukrazuka kwenye yezi mithambo yegazi, yiloo nto siyibiza ngokuba yi-'Cervical Artery Dissection'. Eyona nto imbi apha kukuba oku kunokuba ngunobangela omkhulu westroke, ingakumbi kubantu abancinci nabakwiminyaka ephakathi .

Le meko iyichaphazela njani impilo yakho?

Khawucinge nje, xa udonga lwemithambo luqhekeka, igazi elithile liqala ukuvuza kuloo mngxuma phakathi kweengqimba zodonga. Oku kunokubangela ukuba kubekho ihlwili legazi apho. Eyona nto iyingozi kukuba, ukuba eli hlwili legazi liyaqhekeka lize livale umthambo omncinci wegazi engqondweni, linokuthintela ukuhamba kwegazi ukuya kwinxalenye yengqondo kwaye libangele istroke, ingakumbi istroke ye-ischemic.

Ngamafutshane, xa umthambo ugqabhuka, kuvela ihlwili legazi, kwaye ukuba liya engqondweni, linokubangela istroke.

Kutheni oku kusenzeka? Zithini izizathu?

Akukho sizathu sinye sale nto. Zininzi izinto ezinokubangela oku.

1. Ukulimala entloko okanye entanyeni

Idla ngokuba yimbangela ephambili yoku kuba yingozi okanye ukwenzakala entloko okanye entanyeni. Umzekelo:

• Ukulimala entanyeni (njenge-whiplash) ngenxa yengozi yemoto.
• Ukubethwa kabuhlungu entanyeni ngelixa udlala imidlalo.
• Ukuwa ngequbuliso.

2. Ingabangelwa kukudinwa kwabanye abantu (Izizathu ezingezizo ezengozi)

Ngamanye amaxesha oku kunokwenzeka ngaphandle kwengozi enkulu.

• Ukuzilolonga kakhulu xa uphakamisa into enzima. Khawuthelekelele usiya ejimini uze ngequbuliso uzame ukuphakamisa ubunzima obuninzi.
• Ngenxa yoxinzelelo kwimithambo yegazi entanyeni xa ukhohlela, uthimla, okanye uhlanza kakhulu.

3. Iingxaki zezicubu ezidibeneyo

Izicubu ezidityanisiweyo emzimbeni wethu luhlobo lwezicubu ezinceda ekubambeni izinto ezifana namathambo, i-cartilage, ulusu, kunye nemithambo yegazi kunye. Kukho izifo zemfuza ezenza buthathaka ezi zicubu ezidityanisiweyo. Abantu abanezifo ezinjalo nabo basengozini enkulu yokuba ne-'Cervical Artery Dissection'. Nazi imizekelo embalwa:

• Isifo sika-Ehlers-Danlos
• I-dysplasia ye-fibromuscular
• Isifo sikaMarfan
• I-Osteogenesis imperfecta

Ezi zifo zinokwenza buthathaka iindonga zemithambo yegazi, nto leyo enokubangela ukuba ziqhekeke lula.

4. Ukulimala kwentamo ethile

Ezi zahlukile kancinci kwizingozi eziqhelekileyo.

• Ukuqhekeka kwentamo kunye nokuqhekeka: Njengoko kukhankanyiwe ngaphambili, iimeko ze-whiplash zenzeka kwiingozi zeemoto.
• Ukubamba intamo yakho kwindawo efanayo ixesha elide: Umzekelo, umntu opeyinta isilingi enentloko ethe tye ixesha elide.
• Iintshukumo zentamo ezikhawulezayo nezikhawulezileyo: Xa uqhuba izinto ezifana nee-roller coasters, okanye ngexesha lokulungiswa kwentamo nge-chiropractic (kubalulekile ukuba oku kwenziwe ngumntu ofanelekileyo).
• Ukuphakamisa nokuphatha izinto ezinzima: Ingakumbi xa zenziwe ngendlela engafanelekanga.

5. Izifo zamva nje

Le meko inokwenzeka naxa sidiniwe ngenxa yezifo ezithile.

• Isisu esibuhlungu ngenxa yokuhlanza rhoqo: Ngeli xesha, uxinzelelo lubekwa kwimithambo yegazi entanyeni.
• Izifo zokuphefumla ezifana nomkhuhlane kunye nomkhuhlane kunye nokukhwehlela okungapheliyo.

6. Ezinye izinto ezinobungozi

Ezinye izinto ziyandisa umngcipheko:

• I-Atherosclerosis: Oku kwenzeka xa amanqatha eqokelelana ngaphakathi kweendonga zemithambo yegazi, nto leyo enciphisa imithambo yegazi.
• Uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu: Oku kubangela uxinzelelo oluqhubekayo kwimithambo yegazi.
• Ukutshaya: Ukutshaya kuyingozi kakhulu kwimithambo yegazi.

Zithini iimpawu zoku? Uzibona njani?

Kwiimeko ezininzi, akunakwenzeka ukufumanisa ngokucacileyo ukuqhekeka komthambo womlomo wesibeleko de kube yinyanga emva kokuqala kweempawu. Nangona kunjalo, kukho iintlobo ezininzi eziphambili zeempawu.

1. Intloko ebuhlungu kakhulu, ekhawulezileyo okanye entanyeni

Olu lolona phawu luqhelekileyo. Olu buhlungu alufani nentloko ebuhlungu eqhelekileyo.

• Iqala ngequbuliso.
• Ayinyamalali, iyaqhubeka ikhona.
• Intlungu idla ngokuvela kwelinye icala lentloko (ingakumbi ngasemva kweliso elinye) okanye kwelinye icala lentamo .
• Isenokuvakala njengentloko ebuhlungu ebangelwa ziintloko ezinde , i -migraine , okanye intloko ebuhlungu ebangelwa ziintloko ezinde ( intloko ebuhlungu ebangelwa ziintloko ezinde yintloko ebuhlungu efika ngequbuliso, njengombane).

2. Isifo sikaHorner

Oku kuchaphazela iintshukumo ezizenzekelayo zamehlo nobuso bethu. Iimpawu ziquka:

• Iinkophe ezigobileyo.
• Iliso elinye lincinci kunelinye.
• Ukubila okunciphileyo okanye okungekhoyo kwelinye icala lobuso.

Le `Horner's syndrome` idla ngokuchaphazela icala elinye lentloko kuphela.

3. Iimpawu ezifana nestroke

Ezi mpawu zenzeka xa inxalenye yengqondo ingafumani gazi laneleyo. Ezi zithathwa njengengxamiseko kwaye kufuneka kufunwe ingcebiso yezonyango ngokukhawuleza.

• Ubunzima bokuhamba, ukugxadazela (ataxia).
• Ukulahlekelwa yibhalansi emzimbeni (Iingxaki zebhalansi).
• Umbono ofipheleyo.
• Isiyezi.
• Umbono ophindwe kabini (iDiplopia).
• Ukuba ndindisholo okanye ubuthathaka engalweni okanye emlenzeni.
• Ubunzima bokuthetha / iDysarthria okanye iAphasia. (Intetho engacacanga, ukungakwazi ukuthetha ngokucacileyo)
• Ukuziva ngathi izinto ziyajikeleza kuwe (Vertigo).

Ngubani omele akhathazeke kakhulu ngale nto?

Ukuqhaqhazwa kwemithambo yomlomo wesibeleko kunokuba nzima ukukufumanisa. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba ufumana uphawu olunye okanye ngaphezulu kwezi zidweliswe apha ngasentla, ingakumbi ukuba ufumana intlungu engxamisekileyo, enzima yentamo/intloko kunye neempawu zestroke, ngokuqinisekileyo kufuneka uxelele ugqirha wakho. Ugqirha wakho unokukukrokrela oku aze enze uvavanyo olufunekayo.

Oogqirha bayixilonga njani le nto?

Kukho iimvavanyo ezikhethekileyo zokubona ukuba le meko ikhona na.

• I-CTA Scan (i-Computed Tomography Angiography - CTA): Oku kungathatha imifanekiso eneenkcukacha zemithambo yegazi.
• I-MRA Scan (Magnetic Resonance Angiography - MRA): Le yenye i-scan ephucukileyo esetyenziselwa ukujonga imithambo yegazi.

Ezi scan zinokubona ngokucacileyo ukuba kukho ukukrazuka emthanjeni okanye ukuba igazi lenzekile.

Zithini iindlela zokunyanga oku? (Unyango)

Iindaba ezimnandi zezokuba uninzi lwezi zinyembezi zemithambo yegazi ziyaphola ngokwazo ngokuhamba kwexesha. Nangona kunjalo, unyango lubalulekile ukuthintela iimeko ezinzima ezifana nestroke.

Unyango oluphambili ngamayeza anciphisa ukujiya kwegazi:

• Unyango lwe-antiplatelet: Oku kwenzelwa ukuthintela ukuba iiplatelet egazini zingadibani kwaye zenze amahlwili egazi. Imizekelo yoku ibandakanya amayeza afana ne-'Aspirin' kunye ne-'Clopidogrel'.
• Amayeza okulwa nokugabha kwegazi: La akwabizwa ngokuba "zizinto ezinciphisa igazi." Athintela inkqubo yokugabha kwegazi. I-Heparin inikwa njengenaliti, kwaye i-Warfarin inikwa njengepilisi.

Ugqirha uza kugqiba ukuba yeyiphi kula mayeza aza kuyinika kwaye ixesha elingakanani, ngokuxhomekeke kwimeko yakho.

Kuthekani ukuba unyango oluqhelekileyo aluphumeleli?

Amaxesha amaninzi, ukuba amayeza ewodwa awakwazi ukulawula imeko, kungasetyenziswa i-stent.Kusenokufuneka notyando. I-stent yityhubhu encinci ye-mesh efakwa kumthambo, ilungisa ukukrazuka, iqinise udonga lomthambo, kwaye ivumele igazi ukuba lihambe kakuhle.

Ungazikhusela njani kule meko? (Ukuthintela)

Ukuba unesifo (njengezifo zezicubu ezidityanisiweyo ezikhankanyiweyo apha ngasentla) esongeza umngcipheko wokuba ne-'Cervical Artery Dissection', kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba uhlolwe rhoqo yingcali yemithambo yegazi.

Bonke abanye abantu banokwenza ezi zinto ukunciphisa lo mngcipheko:

• Musa ukugcina intamo yakho ikwindawo efanayo ixesha elide (umz., njengokupeyinta isilingi).
• Kuphephe ukunyakaza okukhawulezileyo nokukhawulezileyo kwentamo nentloko (ukukhwela iirollercoaster, iindlela ezithile zokulawula intamo).
• Kuphephe ukuphakamisa iintsimbi ezinzima ngokuzibhokoxa kakhulu.
• Yitya ukutya okunempilo kwentliziyo (amafutha amaninzi kunye neoyile encinci, iziqhamo kunye nemifuno eninzi).
• Zilolonge rhoqo. (Buza ugqirha wakho ukuba zeziphi imithambo efanelekileyo kuwe.)
• Lawula uxinzelelo lwakho lwegazi. Ukuba kuyimfuneko, thatha amayeza anjenge-ACE inhibitors.
• Yeka ukutshaya ngokupheleleyo.

Ithini i-prognosis? (I-prognosis)

Uninzi lweemeko zokuqhekeka kwemithambo yomlomo wesibeleko ziyaphola kakuhle. Imithambo yomlomo wesibeleko ibuyela esiqhelweni. Le nkqubo yokuphiliswa idla ngokuthatha iinyanga ezintathu ukuya kwezintandathu .

Kunjani ukuphila nale meko?

Ukuba une-cervical artery dissection, kuya kufuneka uhlolwe rhoqo (ezifana neeskeni) de ugqirha wakho aqiniseke ukuba iphilile ngokupheleleyo. Kuya kufuneka uqhubeke nokuthatha amayeza e-antiplatelet okanye e-anticoagulant akhankanyiweyo ngaphambili ngeli xesha.

Nangona ukuqhaqha kwemithambo yomlomo wesibeleko kuyimbangela ephambili yestroke kubantu abaphakathi kweminyaka engama-40 ukuya kwengama-60 ubudala, ayinguye wonke umntu onaso oza kuba nestroke. Uninzi lwabantu luyaphila ngaphandle kweengxaki ngovavanyo olufanelekileyo kunye nonyango. Injongo ephambili yokunyanga abo baneempawu kukuthintela istroke.

Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya

Ukuqhaqha umthambo womlomo wesibeleko yimeko enokuba yingozi kakhulu, ingakumbi kubantu abancinci, kuba inokukhokelela kwistroke.

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Ukuba ufumana intlungu ebuhlungu entanyeni/entloko ngequbuliso, intlungu engasemva kwamehlo, okanye iimpawu zestroke (ubunzima bokuthetha, ukungaziva mnandi emalungeni, ubunzima bokuhamba) , funa ingcebiso kagqirha ngokukhawuleza.

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Zininzi izinto ezinokubangela le meko, kuquka iingozi, ukusebenza nzima kakhulu, kunye nezinye izifo zemfuza.

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Le meko idla ngokunyangeka ngonyango olufanelekileyo kunye nolawulo lwezonyango. Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuthatha amanyathelo ngokukhawuleza kwaye ungazityesheli iimpawu.

Ukuba unemibuzo engaphezulu malunga noku, ungathandabuzi ukuthetha nogqirha wakho. Hlala usempilweni!

Ukuqhaqhwa kwemithambo yomlomo wesibeleko , istroke, iintlungu zentamo, intloko ebuhlungu, imithambo yegazi, ukuhanjiswa kwegazi ebuchotsheni