Xa ugqirha ekuxelela okanye umntu omthandayo ukuba kufuneka baye kwi-chemotherapy, ungaziva uloyiko olukhulu kunye nexhala. Yinto eqhelekileyo leyo. Xa sisiva igama elithi "chemo," sihlala sinomfanekiso onzima nobuhlungu ezingqondweni zethu. Kodwa xa sifunda ngakumbi ngolu nyango, olo loyiko luyaphela. Ke namhlanje, masithethe ngokuba yintoni i-chemotherapy, yintoni eyenzayo, kunye nendlela yokujamelana nayo ngendlela elula neyobuhlobo.
Yintoni kanye kanye i-chemotherapy?
Ngamafutshane, i-chemotherapy luhlobo lwamayeza anikwa ukubulala iiseli zomhlaza. Ikwabizwa ngokuba yi-"chemo" ngamafutshane. Olu luhlobo olunye nje lonyango lomhlaza. Kukho ezinye iintlobo zamayeza asetyenziswa ukulwa neeseli zomhlaza.
- Unyango lweehomoni: Iihomoni zinceda ukukhula kwezinye iintlobo zomhlaza. Olu nyango lusebenza ngokuthintela umhlaza ekufumaneni ezo homoni.
- Unyango lwe-Immunotherapy: La ngamayeza anceda amajoni omzimba wethu ukuba alwe nomhlaza.
- Unyango olujoliswe kulo: La mayeza asebenza ngokutshintsha indlela iiseli zomhlaza ezihlukana ngayo neziziphatha ngayo, ethintela ukukhula kwazo.
Olu nyango lujongwa yingcali yomhlaza . Ngamanye amaxesha i-chemotherapy inikwa kunye notyando okanye unyango lwemitha.
Lusebenza njani olu nyango?
Iiseli zomhlaza ziiseli ezahlukanayo neziphindaphindana ngokukhawuleza nangokungalawulekiyo. Amayeza e-chemotherapy asebenza ngokutshabalalisa ezi seli zomhlaza ezahlulahlulayo ngokukhawuleza aze azithintele ukuba zingahlukani ngakumbi.
Ugqirha wakho angasebenzisa i-chemotherapy ngeenjongo ezahlukeneyo. Jonga le theyibhile ukuze uqonde.
| Injongo yonyango | Kalula nje... |
|---|---|
| Unyango oluncedisayo | Emva kotyando okanye unyango lwemitha, tshabalalisa ngokupheleleyo naziphi na iiseli zomhlaza ezincinci nezingabonakaliyo ezinokuthi zihlale emzimbeni. |
| Unyango lokunyanga | Nyanga umhlaza ngokupheleleyo kwaye wenze ukuba ungakhuli kwakhona (mhlawumbi xa udibene notyando kunye nonyango lwemitha). |
| Unyango lweNeoadjuvant | Ngaphambi kokuba wenze utyando okanye unyango lwemitha, nciphisa ithumba ukuze kube lula ukulinyanga. |
| Unyango lokudambisa iintlungu | Kwimeko apho umhlaza unganyangekiyo ngokupheleleyo, injongo kukunciphisa ithumba, ukunciphisa iimpawu (ezifana neentlungu), nokunceda umguli aphile ubomi obutofotofo ngakumbi. |
Silungiselela njani unyango lwe-chemo?
Ngaphambi kokuba uqale unyango, ugqirha wakho uza kwenza uvavanyo oluthile ukuze abone ukuba impilo yakho ikulungele na. Okwangoku, ungazilungiselela ngale ndlela. Olu lungiselelo luza kukunika amandla amaninzi, engqondweni nasemzimbeni.
- Funda ngonyango: Buza ugqirha wakho malunga neentlobo zamayeza e-chemotherapy oza kuzifumana, iingenelo zawo, kunye nemiphumo enokubakho. Okukhona usazi ngakumbi ngale nto, kokukhona kuya kuba lula kuwe ukumelana nayo.
- Lungiselela iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga kwangaphambili: Umzekelo, ukuba uyazi ukuba unokulahlekelwa ziinwele zakho, ungenza isigqibo sokunxiba iwigi okanye isikhafu esihle kwangaphambili. Kunokubakho utshintsho kulusu kunye nokuva ukuba ulusu lunobuthathaka elangeni. Ungalungiselela iimveliso zokhathalelo lolusu ezithambileyo kwangaphambili ukuze uzisebenzise ngamaxesha anjalo.
- Bona ugqirha wamazinyo: I-chemotherapy inokubangela izilonda emlonyeni kunye notshintsho kwincasa yokutya. Ngoko ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukunyanga naziphi na iingxaki zamazinyo okanye usulelo lweentsini ngaphambi kokuba uqale unyango.
- Cinga ngemicimbi yezemali: Fumana ulwazi malunga nomshuwalense kunye neenzuzo zesibhedlele kwangaphambili. Xa uzicwangcisile ezi zinto kwangaphambili, kuya kuba lula kuwe ukugxila kunyango kuphela.
- Cwangcisa ishedyuli yakho yomsebenzi: Kusenokufuneka utshintshe iintsuku zakho zomsebenzi kunye neeyure zakho. Thetha nogqirha wakho malunga nendlela unyango lwakho oluya kuyichaphazela ngayo umsebenzi wakho, uze uthethe nomqeshi wakho kwaye wenze amalungiselelo ngokufanelekileyo.
- Yenza isicwangciso sosuku lonyango: Cwangcisa ixesha eliza kuthatha unyango kunye nento onokuyenza ngexesha lalo (funda incwadi, mamela umculo). Ukutya isidlo esincinci malunga neyure ngaphambi konyango kunokunceda ukunciphisa iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezifana nokucaphuka.
Kwenzeka ntoni ngexesha lonyango?
Amava akho anokwahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwindlela onikwa ngayo i-chemotherapy. Ngokwesiqhelo, i-chemotherapy inikwa ngendlela ehamba emzimbeni wonke. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-'systemic chemotherapy'.
| Indlela yonyango | Oko ikukuthi... |
|---|---|
| Ngokusebenzisa umthambo (Intravenous - IV) | Le yeyona ndlela isetyenziswa kakhulu. Eli yeza lifakwa emthanjeni, njenge-saline. |
| Njengomjovo | Inikwa njengenaliti eqhelekileyo eluswini okanye kwimisipha. |
| Amayeza omlomo | Inikwa njengepilisi okanye ulwelo. |
| Njengesithambiso esithanjiswayo | Kwiintlobo ezithile zomhlaza, isetyenziswa eluswini njengekhrimu. |
Ngamanye amaxesha, i-chemotherapy inikwa ukuhlasela umhlaza kuphela. Umzekelo, i-intrathecal chemotherapy inikwa kulwelo oluphakathi kwengqondo nomqolo.
Indlela i-chemotherapy enikwa ngayo nge-IV (indlela ye-intravenous)
Kusetyenziswa izixhobo ezahlukeneyo ukunika amayeza ngemithambo yegazi.
- Inaliti: Idla ngokudityaniswa nomthambo osengalweni.
- I-Catheter: Ityhubhu ebhityileyo neguquguqukayo, edla ngokufakwa emthanjeni osesifubeni.
- I-Port: Isixhobo esincinci esifana nediski esifakelwa phantsi kwesikhumba ngotyando. Inaliti incamathiselwa kwesi sithuba xa kufuneka kunikwe amayeza.
- Ipompo: Sisixhobo esiqhotyoshelwe kwi-catheter okanye kwi-port elawula ukuhanjiswa kwamayeza emzimbeni ngesantya esichanekileyo nangomlinganiselo ochanekileyo.
Ezi catheters kunye neeports ziluncedo kakhulu ekuthinteleni ukufakwa kweenaliti ngalo lonke ixesha uqhubeka ufumana unyango.
Zithini iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ze-chemo?
Le yeyona nto yoyikisa wonke umntu kakhulu. Amayeza e-chemotherapy ajolise kwiiseli ezahlulahlula ngokukhawuleza. Iiseli zomhlaza ziiseli ezahlulahlula ngokukhawuleza. Kodwa emizimbeni yethu, akukho ziiseli zomhlaza kuphela, kodwa kukho neeseli eziphilileyo ezahlulahlula ngokukhawuleza. Umzekelo:
- Iiseli zeenwele
- Iiseli zenkqubo yokugaya ukutya
- Iiseli zegazi (iiseli ezibomvu zegazi, iiseli ezimhlophe zegazi)
- Iiseli zolusu
Ngenxa yokuba amayeza e-chemo awakwazi ukwahlula phakathi kwezi seli ziphilileyo kunye neeseli zomhlaza, anokonakalisa nezi seli ziphilileyo. Yiyo loo nto kuvela iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga.
Ezinye zeziphumo ebezingalindelekanga eziqhelekileyo abantu abaninzi abazifumanayo zezi:
- Ukudinwa
- Isicaphucaphu nokuhlanza
- Ukulahleka kweenwele
- I-Anorexia
- Ukuqhinwa okanye urhudo
- Ukopha
- Ukusuleleka lula zizifo (ngenxa yokuncipha kwamandla omzimba)
- I-anemia
Into ebalulekileyo kukuba ayizizo zonke ezi ziphumo ebezingalindelekanga eziya kuchaphazela wonke umntu. Kwaye ngoku kukho amayeza amaninzi alungileyo kunye neendlela zokulawula uninzi lwawo. Xelela ugqirha wakho okanye iqela lezonyango ngoko nangoko malunga nokungonwabi okufumanayo.
Ngaba iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ziyaqhubeka emva konyango?
Uninzi lweziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ziyaphela emva kokuba unyango luyekisiwe. Nangona kunjalo, ezinye iziphumo zinokuvela emva kweenyanga okanye iminyaka. Ezi zibizwa ngokuba yi-'late effects'.
- Ubunzima bokukhumbula nokucinga ("ingqondo ye-chemo")
- Isifo sentliziyo (`Isifo sentliziyo`)
- Ukonakala kwemithambo-luvo (i-Neuropathy)
- Ukuya exesheni kwangethuba
- Imiphumo ekukwazini ukuba nabantwana (Ukungazali)
Ungathetha nogqirha wakho ngale nto uze ufumane iingcebiso ezifunekayo.
Ngaba i-chemo ingawunyanga ngokupheleleyo umhlaza?
Ewe, kunokwenzeka. Ezinye iintlobo zomhlaza zisabela kakuhle kwi-chemotherapy. Kwiimeko ezinjalo, umhlaza uyanyamalala ngokupheleleyo emva konyango. Oogqirha basebenzisa igama elithi ``unyango`` ngononophelo oluthile, kuba kusoloko kukho ithuba elincinci kakhulu lokuba umhlaza uza kubuya.
Nangona kunjalo, kukho izigidi zabantu kwihlabathi liphela abaye baphila ubomi obusempilweni ngenxa ye-chemotherapy. Ngoko ke musani ukoyika. Esi sisixhobo esinamandla nesisebenzayo sokulwa nomhlaza.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-Chemotherapy lunyango olunamandla olutshabalalisa iiseli zomhlaza. Akukho mfuneko yokuyoyika, kubalulekile ukuyiqonda ngokuchanekileyo .
- Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zinokubakho, kodwa uninzi lwazo ziyalawuleka. Thetha ngokukhululekileyo nogqirha wakho ngazo.
- Ukulungiselela kakuhle ngaphambi konyango kuya kukunika amandla amakhulu engqondo nawomzimba.
- Awuwedwa kolu hambo. Iqela lakho lezonyango, usapho, kunye nabahlobo bakho bakhona ukukuxhasa. Ngoko ke hlala uqinile.
- Ungaze ungathandabuzi ukubuza ugqirha wakho ngayo nayiphi na imibuzo okanye iinkxalabo onokuba nazo.
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