Ngaba ngamanye amaxesha uziva iintlungu esifubeni okanye ukuxinana? Ngaba ukufumanisa kunzima ukuphefumla xa uzibhokoxa? Ugqirha wakho usenokuba uthethe nawe ngotyando lwe-bypass. Kuqhelekile ukuba uzive usoyika okanye unexhala xa usiva igama elithi "bypass." Kodwa ungakhathazeki. Namhlanje, siza kuthetha ngotyando lwe-heart bypass, okanye oko kuthiwa yi-Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting (CABG) ngokwezonyango, ngendlela elula kakhulu onokuyiqonda.
Ngamafutshane, yintoni utyando lwe-bypass (CABG)?
Khawuthelekelele ukuba kukho izithuthi ezininzi endleleni yakho eya emsebenzini yonke imihla, okanye indlela ivaliwe. Wenza ntoni ke ngoko? Uthatha indlela eyahlukileyo, oko kukuthi, indlela esecaleni okanye enye indlela, akunjalo? Yiloo nto eyenzekayo kolu tyando.
Sinemithambo yegazi ephambili (imithambo yegazi) enika igazi entliziyweni yethu. Le siyibiza ngokuba yimithambo yegazi yentliziyo. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, izinto ezifana ne-cholesterol ekutyeni esikutyayo ziyaqokelelana ngaphakathi kwezi mithambo yegazi, njengokugqwala okwakha ngaphakathi kombhobho, oku kuncipha indlela yokungena. Oku sikubiza ngokuba yizinto zokwakha '(Plaque)` okanye `(Atheroma)`. Xa imithambo yegazi incipha ngale ndlela, izihlunu zentliziyo azifumani igazi elifunekayo. Kulapho ke kuvela khona intlungu yesifuba `(Angina)`. Ukuba oku kuthinteleka kuba kukhulu, kwaye igazi liqhekeka kwaye livale ngokupheleleyo indlela yokungena enciphileyo, kunokwenzeka ukuba kubekho `(Heart Attack)`.
Ngoko ke, utyando lwe-bypass lumalunga nokudala indlela entsha, umthambo omtsha, ukuze igazi lihambe liye entliziyweni, lidlule kuloo mthambo wegazi uvalekileyo noxineneyo. Kufana nokudala indlela entsha yokudlula kuloo mxinano wezithuthi. Ukuze kudalwe le ndlela intsha, kuthathwa umthambo wegazi emzimbeni wakho. Amaxesha amaninzi, umthambo othathwe emlenzeni, engalweni, okanye ngaphakathi esifubeni usetyenziselwa oku.
Olu tyando ludala indlela entsha (yokudlula) ukuze igazi lijikeleze imithambo yegazi evalekileyo entliziyweni. Oku kubuyisela ukusebenza kwentliziyo kwaye kusindise ubomi bakho.
Ngamanye amaxesha, ayingomthambo wegazi omnye kuphela ovalwayo. Ingavimba nemibhobho emibini, emithathu, okanye emine. Xa oko kusenzeka, kufuneka kwenziwe iindlela ezintsha kuyo nganye. Sibiza oko ngokuthi "utyando oluphindwe kabini (2),``` `kathathu (3),`` okanye ``kane (4) bypass``.
Uzilungiselela njani ngaphambi kotyando?
Ekubeni olu lutyando olukhulu, uza kuphononongwa izihlandlo ezininzi ukuze ujonge ukuba umzimba wakho uphilile na ngaphambi kokuba utyando luqhubeke. Emva kolu vavanyo kuphela apho uza kukwazi ukujongana notyando uze ugqibe ukuba uyalufuna ngokwenene na.
| Uvavanyo olwenziwayo | Kalula nje, ijongeka njani? |
|---|---|
| I-ECG (i-Electrocardiogram) | Umsebenzi wombane wentliziyo kunye nendlela ebetha ngayo iyajongwa. |
| I-Echocardiogram (I-Echo) | Olu luvavanyo lwentliziyo. Lujonga ubungakanani, imilo, kunye nendlela intliziyo epompa ngayo igazi. |
| Uvavanyo loxinzelelo lomzimba | Xa uhamba nge-treadmill, ujonga indlela intliziyo yakho esebenza ngayo. |
| I-Catheterization yentliziyo / i-Angiogram | Olu lolona vavanyo lubalulekileyo. Ityhubhu encinci ifakwa emthanjeni osengalweni okanye emlenzeni, idayi ifakwe kwimithambo yentliziyo yakho, kwaye kuthathwa i-X-ray. Oku kungabonisa ngqo ukuba ivaliwe phi kwaye ingakanani. |
| Uvavanyo lweGazi kunye nomchamo | Funda ngokusebenza kwezintso kunye nezinye izifo ezifana nesifo seswekile. |
Ukongeza kwezi mvavanyo, ugqirha wakho uza kukubuza malunga namayeza owasebenzisayo ngoku. Amanye amayeza (ingakumbi amayeza okunciphisa igazi) kuya kufuneka amiswe kwiintsuku ezimbalwa ngaphambi kotyando. Kusenokufuneka uyeke ukutya nokusela (ukuzila ukutya) iiyure ezimbalwa ngaphambi kotyando.
Lwenziwa njani olu tyando?
Oku kusenokuvakala kuyoyikisa kancinci, kodwa ezi zinto zenziwa ngelixa ulele ubuthongo obupheleleyo, oko kuthetha ukuba usebuthongweni obunzulu apho ungeva nto.
1. I-Anesthesia: Okokuqala, uza kufakwa i-anesthesia uze ulale ubuthongo obunzulu. Awuyi kuva nto de utyando luphele.
2. Ukudlula kwentliziyo: Rhoqo, ngexesha lotyando, umsebenzi wentliziyo nemiphunga udluliselwa okwethutyana kumatshini okhethekileyo obizwa ngokuba yi-"Heart-Lung Bypass Machine". Oku kwenziwa ukuze umzimba uhlale unika ioksijini negazi. Kwezinye iimeko, olu tyando lwenziwa ngelixa intliziyo isabetha. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-"Off-pump CABG".
3. Ukusika utyando: Ugqirha wenza ukusika embindini wesifuba, ezantsi ecaleni kwe-sternum.
4. Ukuvula isifuba: Emva koko ithambo lesifuba liyanqunyulwa ngononophelo phakathi lize lahlulwe phakathi ukuze lifikelele entliziyweni. Musa ukukhathazeka, eli thambo liza kuphinda linamathele emva kotyando kwaye liza kuphila.
5. Ukudala indlela yokudlula: Okulandelayo, njengoko bekuxoxiwe ngaphambili, kuthathwa iqhekeza legazi eliphilileyo elivela emlenzeni, engalweni, okanye esifubeni sakho, kwaye elinye icala lalo linamathele kumthambo oyintloko wentliziyo, i-aorta, kwaye elinye icala linamathele ngaphantsi kokuvaleka. Le yindlela edalwa ngayo indlela entsha.
6. Ukuphela kotyando: Emva kokuba i-bypass yenziwe, intliziyo iyaqalwa kwakhona ize ikhutshwe kumatshini. Emva koko i-sternum ibotshelelwa kwakhona ngocingo olukhethekileyo, kwaye i-incision yesifuba ivalwe ngezitishi.
Lonke olu vavanyo ludla ngokuthatha iiyure ezintathu ukuya kwezintandathu , kuxhomekeke ekubeni zingaphi iindlela ozifunayo zokudlula kwindlela ohamba ngayo kunye nemeko yakho yempilo.
Ngaba kukho iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokwenza utyando?
Ewe, ngenxa yokuqhubela phambili kwetekhnoloji, ngoku kukho iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokwenza olu tyando.
- I-CABG engasebenziyo kwimpompo: Le ayisebenzisi umatshini wentliziyo nemiphunga. Ugqirha wenza utyando ngelixa intliziyo isabetha.
- I-CABG Engena Ngomdla: Kule meko, akukho nxeba likhulu elingenziwayo embindini wesifuba. Endaweni yoko, kwenziwa imingxunya emininzi emincinci phakathi kweembambo kwaye utyando lwenziwa ngazo.
- I-CABG encediswa yiRobhothi: Kule ndlela, ugqirha wenza utyando esebenzisa irobhothi. Amanxeba nawo mancinci kakhulu.
Ugqirha wakho kunye neqela lezonyango baya kugqiba ukuba yeyiphi indlela efanelekileyo kuwe.
Ziziphi iingenelo kunye neengozi zalo tyando?
Njengalo naluphi na utyando olukhulu, kukho iingenelo kunye neengozi, kwaye kubalulekile ukuba uzazi.
| Iinzuzo | Iingozi |
|---|---|
| Isisombululo sexesha elide: Olu lutyando oluye lwenziwa ngempumelelo kwihlabathi liphela kangangeminyaka emininzi. Iziphumo zilungile kakhulu. | Ukubetha kwentliziyo okungaqhelekanga (iiArrhythmias) |
| Isisombululo esilungileyo kwiingxaki ezininzi:Olu lunyango oluqhelekileyo kumntu onemithambo yegazi emininzi evalekileyo. | Ukopha |
| Umngcipheko ophantsi wokufuna unyango kwakhona: Xa kuthelekiswa nonyango olufana nokubekwa kwe-stent (i-Angioplasty), umngcipheko wokuba umthambo uvaleke kwakhona emva kotyando lwe-bypass uphantsi. | Usulelo lwamanxeba |
| Ukusindisa ubomi: Kuphelisa iintlungu zesifuba, kunciphisa umngcipheko wokuhlaselwa sisifo sentliziyo, kwaye kukuvumela ukuba uphile ubomi obusempilweni nobude. | Umonakalo wezintso |
| Istroke okanye ukuhlaselwa yintliziyo (ezi aziqhelekanga kakhulu) |
Khumbula, iqela lakho lezonyango lithatha onke amanyathelo afunekayo ukunciphisa zonke ezi ngozi, ngoko ungakhathazeki ngokungeyomfuneko ngale nto.
Kwenzeka ntoni emva kotyando? Ixesha lokuchacha...
Emva kotyando, uza kuqala ungeniswe kwigumbi lonyango olungxamisekileyo (ICU) lesibhedlele. Apho, yonke into ukususela ekusebenzeni kwentliziyo yakho ukuya kuxinzelelo lwegazi lakho iya kuhlolwa ngononophelo olukhulu. Xa imeko yakho izinzile, ngesiqhelo kungekapheli usuku okanye ezimbini, uza kudluliselwa kwigumbi eliqhelekileyo.
Ngokwesiqhelo kuya kufuneka uhlale esibhedlele kangangeentsuku ezintlanu ukuya kwezisixhenxe , uze emva koko ugoduke.
Emva kokubuyela ekhaya...
Kudla ngokuthatha malunga neeveki ezintandathu ukuze uphile ngokupheleleyo. Ngeli xesha, kufuneka ulumke kancinci.
- Kuphephe ukuphakamisa izinto ezinzima: Ekubeni kuthatha ixesha ukuba ithambo lesifuba liphole, kuphephe ukuphakamisa okanye ukutyhala izinto ezinzima.
- Ukuqhuba: Oogqirha badla ngokucebisa ukuba ungaqhubi kangangeeveki ezi-4-6.
- Phumla: Phumla ngokwaneleyo. Kodwa musa ukuhlala ebhedini imini yonke. Qala ukuhambahamba wenze imisebenzi emincinci.
- Ukhathalelo lwenxeba: Amanxeba asesifubeni sakho nalapho imithambo yakho isusiwe khona kufuneka agcinwe ecocekile. Isibhedlele siza kukunika imiyalelo yokuba ungawanyamekela njani.
Ngaba ufuna ukutshintsha ubomi bakho emva kotyando?
Ngokuqinisekileyo ewe!Le yeyona nxalenye ibalulekileyo. Utyando lwe-bypass lulungiso nje lwemithambo yakho evalekileyo. Kodwa imeko engundoqo ebangele ukuvaleka, okukukwakheka kwe-cholesterol, isesemzimbeni wakho. Ingxaki inokuphinda ivele kwimithambo emitsha okanye kweminye imithambo.
Ngoko ke, kubalulekile ukuba umntu aphile ubomi obusempilweni emva kotyando.
- Ukulawula ukutya: Nciphisa ukutya okuneoyile eninzi, ityuwa, kunye neswekile. Yitya imifuno emininzi, iziqhamo, imifuno eluhlaza, kunye nokutya okunefayibha eninzi.
- Ukuzilolonga: Qala ukuzilolonga kancinci kancinci, njengoko ugqirha wakho ekucebisile. Ukuhamba imihla ngemihla licebo elihle.
- Yeka ukutshaya: Ukuba ungumntu otshayayo, yeka namhlanje. Ukutshaya kuyingozi kakhulu entliziyweni.
- Ukusela amayeza ngokuchanekileyo: Sela amayeza owalelwe ngugqirha wakho (anciphisa i-cholesterol, alawula uxinzelelo lwegazi, kwaye athintele ukuqhekeka kwegazi) ngexesha, ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa lusuku olunye.
- Unyango lwentliziyo: Emva kokuba uphumile esibhedlele, licebo elihle ukuya kwinkqubo efana nale. Uza kunikwa isikhokelo sendlela yokuzilolonga nokulawula ukutya kwakho phantsi kweliso likagqirha.
Ixesha lokufuna ingcebiso yezonyango ngokukhawuleza
Emva kokubuyela ekhaya, ukuba ufumanisa naziphi na kwezi mpawu zilandelayo, yiya kwiSebe lezeMpilo eziNgxamisekileyo (ETU) lesibhedlele ngoko nangoko .
- Intlungu ebuhlungu esifubeni
- Ubunzima bokuphefumla
- Ukudinwa okanye ukuquleka
- Ukulahlekelwa yingqondo
- Ukuziva ngathi intliziyo yakho ibetha ngokukhawuleza
- Umkhuhlane okanye ukubanda
- Ubunzima bokuthetha, ukugoba kwelinye icala lobuso, ukulahlekelwa yimvakalelo kwelinye icala lomzimba (ezi zinokuba ziimpawu zestroke)
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Akukho nto ibalulekileyo yokoyika i-coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). Yinkqubo ephumelele kakhulu enokunika intliziyo yakho ubomi obutsha kwaye isindise ubomi bakho.
- Olu tyando ludlula imithambo yegazi evalekileyo entliziyweni kwaye ludala indlela entsha yokuhamba kwegazi.
- Kubaluleke kakhulu ukulandela imiyalelo kagqirha ngononophelo ngaphambi nasemva kotyando.
- Nokuba utyando luphumelele, ukuba awulandeli indlela yokuphila enempilo (ukutya okunempilo, ukuzilolonga, kunye nokuphepha ukutshaya), ingxaki inokuphinda ivele.
- Thetha ngokukhululekileyo nogqirha wakho ngayo nayiphi na imibuzo, uloyiko, okanye amathandabuzo onawo ngale nto. Bahlala bekulungele ukukunceda.
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