Ngaba ugqirha ukuxelele ukuba unengxaki yevalvu yentliziyo kwaye kuya kufuneka itshintshwe? Kuqhelekile ukuba uzive usoyika kwaye uxhalabile xa usiva into efana nale. Akumangalisi ukucinga, "Owu, kuya kufuneka ndityandwe entliziyweni yam?" Kodwa eneneni, olu lutyando olwenziwa ngempumelelo kakhulu kwihlabathi nakwilizwe lethu ngoku, kwaye lunceda ukusindisa ubomi abaninzi. Ngoko ke, masifumane iimpendulo kuyo yonke imibuzo malunga noku namhlanje. Masithethe ngolu tyando ngokulula, ngendlela onokuyiqonda, kulungile?
Kutheni kufuneka utshintshe ivalvu yentliziyo?
Ngamafutshane, intliziyo yethu sisiqwenga senyama esimangalisayo. Ifana nepompo encinci epompa igazi emizimbeni yethu yonke. Ukuze senze lo msebenzi, kukho iindawo ezine ngaphakathi entliziyweni ezisebenza njengeengcango ezine. Ezi valve zentliziyo sizibiza ngokuba zii. Ezi valve zivula kwaye zivaleke kwicala elinye kuphela, ngoko ke igazi lihlala lihamba kwicala elinye.
Cinga ngamanzi asekhaya lakho njengempompo. Ukuba umpompo awuvaleki kakuhle, amanzi ayavuza. Ukuba awuvuli kakuhle, ukuhamba kwamanzi kuyavaleka. Yiloo ndlela okwenzeka ngayo xa ezi valve zigula.
- I-Stenosis: Ngamanye amaxesha ivalvu ayivuli kakuhle ize inciphe, nto leyo ebangela ukuba intliziyo isebenze nzima ukupompa igazi.
- Ukuvuza kweValve (Ukubuyela kwiRegurgitation): Ngamanye amaxesha ivalve ayivaleki kakuhle kwaye igazi livuza umva. Emva koko intliziyo kufuneka isebenze nzima kabini.
Xa le meko iba mandundu, unokufumana iimpawu ezifana neentlungu esifubeni, ukuphefumla kancinci, kunye nokuquleka . Kulapho oogqirha bagqiba khona ukususa ivalvu enesifo, engasebenzi kakuhle baze bayitshintshe ngentsha, esebenzayo. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-heart valve replacement .
Ziziphi iintlobo zeevalvu ezintsha ezikhoyo?
Kukho iintlobo ezimbini eziphambili zeevalvu zokutshintshwa, okanye iivalvu zokufakelwa. Zombini zineengenelo kunye neengxaki. Ugqirha wakho uza kukunceda ukhethe uhlobo olulungele wena.
| Uhlobo lweValve | Iingenelo | Izinto ekufuneka ziqwalaselwe |
|---|---|---|
| Iivalvu zebhayoloji Yenziwe ngesilwanyana (inkomo, ihagu) okanye izicubu zomntu. | Akunyanzelekanga ukuba usele amayeza okunciphisa igazi ubomi bakho bonke (ngaphandle kokuba kuyimfuneko kwenye imeko yezempilo). | Ekuhambeni kwexesha (ngesiqhelo iminyaka eli-10-20), ezi valve ziyaphela, ngoko ke kunokufuneka zitshintshwe kwixesha elizayo ngotyando. |
| Iivalvu zoomatshini Yenziwe ngezinto ezihlala ixesha elide ezifana nekhabhoni okanye isinyithi. | Ihlala ixesha elide kakhulu. Ingasetyenziswa ubomi bonke. Akukho mfuneko yokuphinda utyando. | Kuya kufuneka uthathe iyeza lokunciphisa igazi elifana neWarfarin ubomi bakho bonke. Kuya kufuneka wenze uvavanyo lwegazi rhoqo (ii-INR tests) ukuqinisekisa ukuba uthatha idosi efanelekileyo yale yeza. Abanye abantu banokuva isandi esincinci "esithintithayo" njengoko ivalvu ivuleka kwaye ivala. |
Ngoku usenokuba uzibuza, "Ndingakhetha yiphi?" Ungakhathazeki. Ugqirha wakho uza kuqwalasela izinto ezininzi, kuquka ubudala bakho, impilo yakho, iingozi zokuthatha amayeza okunciphisa igazi, kunye nokukwazi kwakho ukwenza utyando olungaphezulu kwixesha elizayo , kwaye uza kuxoxa nawe ngevalvu efanelekileyo kuwe. Esi sisigqibo esiya kusenza kunye nogqirha wakho.
Lwenziwa njani olu tyando? Ziziphi iindlela ezisetyenziswayo?
Kukho iindlela ezimbini eziphambili zokutshintsha ivalvu yentliziyo. Ezi yindlela yotyando oluvulekileyo lwendabuko kunye nendlela yanamhlanje yokusebenzisa i-catheter. Ugqirha wakho uya kukhetha eyona ndlela ilungileyo ngokusekelwe kwimeko yakho yempilo.
Utyando lweNtliziyo evulekileyo
Le yindlela yendabuko esele isetyenziswa ixesha elide. Kolu tyando, kwenziwa utyando phakathi kwesifuba, intliziyo iyeke, kwaye umsebenzi wentliziyo nemiphunga udluliselwa okwethutyana kumatshini wentliziyo nemiphunga . Imizekelo yotyando olwenziwe kusetyenziswa le ndlela yiSAVR (Surgical Aortic Valve Replacement) .
Iinkqubo eziSekelwe kwiCatheter
Le yindlela yanamhlanje esetyenziswa kakhulu, enganzima kakhulu emzimbeni. Apha, ngaphandle kokuvula isifuba, kwenziwa umngxuma omncinci kakhulu kwindawo efana ne-groin, kufakwa ityhubhu encinci (i-catheter) kuyo, kwaye ivalvu entsha idluliselwa kuloo mbhobho iye entliziyweni ize ifakwe.
Eyona nzuzo inkulu yale ndlela kukuba inxeba lotyando lincinci kakhulu, ixesha lokuhlala esibhedlele lifutshane, kwaye ukuchacha kuyakhawuleza.
Imizekelo yotyando olwenziwe kusetyenziswa le ndlela yile:I-TAVR (Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement) kunye ne -TMVR (Transcatheter Mitral Valve Replacement) .
Ugqirha wakho uza kukuchazela zombini ezi ndlela aze agqibe ukuba yeyiphi ekhuselekileyo neyona isebenzayo kwimeko yakho.
Uzilungiselela njani ngaphambi kotyando?
Isibhedlele siza kukunika imiyalelo ethile ngosuku okanye ezimbini ngaphambi kotyando.
- Baza kukuxelela ngqo ukuba kufuneka uyeke nini ukutya nokusela ngaphambi kotyando.
- Baza kukunika ingcebiso malunga nokuba ufanele uyeke na ukuthatha amayeza oqhele ukuwasebenzisa (ingakumbi lawo esifo seswekile kunye noxinzelelo lwegazi).
- Kusenokubakho iimvavanyo ezininzi ekufuneka zenziwe ngaphambi kotyando.
- Xa ufika esibhedlele, nxiba impahla ekhululekileyo nekulula ukuyinxiba.
- Kubalulekile ukulungiselela kwangaphambili ukuba umntu akuse esibhedlele aze akubuyisele.
Kwenzeka ntoni ngokwenene ngexesha lotyando?
Utyando ludla ngokuthatha malunga neyure enye ukuya kwezine. Nantsi into eyenzekayo ngeli xesha, ngokulandelelana kwayo:
1. I-Anesthesia: Okokuqala, ulala ngokupheleleyo. Ngoko awuyi kuva ntlungu. Awuyi kukhumbula nto.
2. Ukusikwa: Ngokuxhomekeke kuhlobo lotyando olwenziwayo, kusika isifuba okanye indawo yemiphunga kwindawo efanelekileyo.
3. Umatshini wentliziyo nemiphunga: Kutyando oluvulekileyo, umsebenzi wentliziyo udluliselwa kolu matshini okwethutyana. Oku akusoloko kuyimfuneko kwindlela ye-catheter.
4. Ukutshintsha iValve: Ugqirha ususa ivalve enesifo ngononophelo aze ayitshintshe ngevalve entsha yebhayoloji okanye ye-mechanical. Kwezinye iinkqubo zanamhlanje, ivalve entsha ifakwa ngaphakathi kwevalve endala.
5. Ukuvala i-Incision: Emva kokuqinisekisa ukuba ivalvu entsha isebenza kakuhle, i-incision iya kuthungwa ivalwe. Emva koko uya kusiwa kwiYunithi yoKhathalelo oluNzulu (ICU).
Linjani ixesha lokuchacha emva kotyando?
Emva kotyando, uza kuqala ubekwe kwiYunithi yoKhathalelo oluPhezulu (ICU). Apho, oogqirha kunye nabahlengikazi baza kujonga imeko yakho ngokusondeleyo. Wakuba uphilile kancinci, uza kudluliselwa kwigumbi eliqhelekileyo.
Ixesha lokuchacha liyahluka kumntu nomntu, kodwa kudla ngokuthatha inyanga enye ukuya kwezintathu ukuze uphile ngokupheleleyo. Ukuba utyando lwenziwe kusetyenziswa i-catheter, ixesha lokuchacha linokuba lifutshane.
- Usenokuziva udiniwe ngokukhawuleza kwiiveki ezimbalwa zokuqala. Yinto eqhelekileyo leyo.
- Ugqirha ucebisa ukuba ungaqhubi kangangeeveki ezimbalwa.
- Kuya kufuneka uhlale kude nemisebenzi enzima efana nokuphakamisa iintsimbi okwethutyana.
- Kusenokufuneka uphumle iiveki okanye iinyanga ezimbalwa ngaphambi kokuba ubuyele emsebenzini.
- Ungathunyelwa kwinkqubo yonyango lwentliziyo , eya kukunceda kakhulu ukuba ubuyele emandleni.
Ndifanele ndimtsalele umnxeba nini ugqirha?
Emva kokuba ubuyele ekhaya, qwalasela umzimba wakho. Ukuba ufumana naziphi na kwezi mpawu zilandelayo, fowunela ugqirha wakho ngokukhawuleza.
- Ukuba uziva umkhuhlane okanye umkhuhlane
- Ukuba i-pulse yakho ayivakali ngendlela engaqhelekanga
- Ukuba inxeba lotyando lidumbile, libomvu, libuhlungu, okanye likhupha ubovu
- Intlungu, ukubomvu, okanye ukudumba emlenzeni ongezantsi (oku kungaba luphawu lokuqhekeka kwegazi)
- Ukuba ngequbuliso utyeba okanye imilenze okanye amaqatha akho avuvukala.
Okubaluleke kakhulu: Ukuba uneempawu zokuhlaselwa yintliziyo okanye isifo sohlangothi (umz. iintlungu eziqatha zesifuba ngequbuliso, ukungaziva mnandi engalweni, umlomo ujika ujonge kwelinye icala), musa ukuchitha ixesha kwaye yiya kwiSebe lezeMpilo eziNgxamisekileyo (ETU) lesibhedlele esikufutshane ngoko nangoko.
Njengoko uqala ubomi bakho obutsha ngevalvu entsha, unokufumana iimvakalelo ezahlukeneyo. Kuqhelekile ukuba noloyiko, uvuyo, kunye nokukhululeka. Kodwa khumbula, awuwedwa. Olu tyando ngoku luphumelele kakhulu. Ngokuhambela phambili kwezobuchwepheshe, luya lukhuseleka yonke imihla. Iqela lakho lezonyango liza kukunika lonke ulwalathiso olufunekayo kolu hambo.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Utyando lokutshintsha ivalvu yentliziyo sisisombululo esiphumelele kakhulu nesihlala ixesha elide kwingxaki enkulu yempilo. Lunokuphucula kakhulu umgangatho wobomi bakho.
- Kukho iintlobo ezimbini zeevalvu zokutshintsha (zebhayoloji nezemishini). Nganye ineengenelo kunye neengxaki zayo. Ugqirha wakho uza kukhetha leyo ikulungeleyo.
- Kukho iindlela ezimbini eziphambili zokwenza utyando (utyando oluvulekileyo kunye nendlela ye-catheter). Ugqirha wakho uya kugqiba ukuba yeyiphi indlela efanelekileyo kuwe.
- Kuthatha ixesha elithile ukuba umntu aphile emva kotyando. Ukulandela imiyalelo kagqirha ngokufanelekileyo kubalulekile ukuze umntu aphile ngokukhawuleza.
- Ukuba ufumana naziphi na iimpawu ezingaqhelekanga ngexesha lokuchacha kwakho, ungathandabuzi ukuthetha nogqirha wakho.
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