Ngaba nawe uceliwe ukuba wenze uvavanyo lwe-Echo? Masifumanise oku ngokulula! (I-Echocardiogram)

Ngaba ugqirha wakho ukuxelele ukuba wenze uvavanyo lwe-'Echo'? Usenokuba uzive usoyika kancinci xa esithi, 'Owu, oku kuza kwenza ntoni, andazi ukuba yingxaki enkulu na.' Kodwa akukho sizathu sokoyika. Olu luvavanyo olulula kakhulu, oluhlala lungenabuhlungu. Ukuchaneka, kufana neskeni ejonga umntwana esiswini sikamama okhulelweyo. Namhlanje, siza kuthetha ngolu vavanyo lwe-Echo, okanye i-Echocardiogram, ngendlela elula kakhulu onokuyiqonda.

Ngamafutshane, yintoni i-Echocardiogram?

I-echocardiogram luvavanyo lwe-ultrasound yentliziyo yakho. Abanye abantu bayibiza ngokuba yi-'echo', 'heart echo', okanye 'cardiac ultrasound'. Isebenzisa amaza esandi aphezulu ukwenza uthotho lwemifanekiso eshukumayo yentliziyo yakho njengoko ibetha. Ngokujonga le mifanekiso, ugqirha wakho unokufumana umbono ongcono wendlela esebenza ngayo intliziyo yakho, ulwakhiwo lwayo, kunye nendlela igazi elihamba ngayo kuyo.

Olu vavanyo lunokujonga izinto ezininzi, njengokuba intliziyo impompa igazi kakuhle kangakanani, ukuba iivalvu zentliziyo zisebenza kakuhle na, nokuba kukho naziphi na iingxaki kwimisipha yentliziyo. Kukho izizathu ezahlukeneyo zokuba oogqirha banokuyalela olu vavanyo.

• Fumana unobangela weempawu zakho: Khawuthelekelele ukuba uneentlungu esifubeni, ukuphelelwa ngumphefumlo, ukudinwa rhoqo, okanye imilenze evuvukileyo. Olu vavanyo luya kunceda ugqirha wakho ukuba afumanise ukuba unobangela yingxaki yentliziyo.
• Qinisekisa isifo: Ngamanye amaxesha, ugqirha wakho unokurhanela isifo emva kokukuxilonga. Olu vavanyo lwe-ultrasound lunokuqinisekisa olo rhanela.
• Hlola ukusebenza kwentliziyo: Oku kunokunceda ekuqinisekiseni ukuba intliziyo ibetha kakuhle kangakanani na kwaye ingaba ibuthathaka na.
• Jonga imeko esele ikho: Ukuba sele unesifo se-valve yentliziyo, olu vavanyo lwenziwa rhoqo ukuze kubonwe ukuba luyatshintsha okanye luya lusiba mandundu na ngokuhamba kwexesha.
• Lungiselela utyando lwentliziyo: Olu vavanyo lubalulekile ukuze kuqinisekiswe ngokuchanekileyo imeko yentliziyo ngaphambi kotyando.
• Jonga iziphumo emva kotyando: Olu vavanyo lwenziwa ukuze kubonwe ukuba utyando luphumelele na kwaye ukusebenza kwentliziyo kuphucukile na.

Uninzi lwexesha, olu luvavanyo olungangenisi gazi . Oko kuthetha ukuba akukho nto ifakwayo emzimbeni. Kodwa kwezinye iimeko ezikhethekileyo, kukho iintlobo ezikhethekileyo ze-echo ezibandakanya ukufakwa kwesixhobo esincinci emzimbeni. Makhe sijonge naloo nto.

Ngaba kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zovavanyo lwe-echo?

Ewe, kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo ze-echo ugqirha wakho anokuzinika ngokweemfuno zakho. Makhe sijonge ezona ntlobo zixhaphakileyo.

Isebenza njani le matshini ye-Echo?

Uvavanyo lwe-echo lusebenzisa iteknoloji ye-ultrasound. Isixhobo esincinci esibizwa ngokuba yi-transducer (njenge-microphone encinci) sifakwa esifubeni sakho size sithumele amaza esandi entliziyweni yakho. La maza esandi agxuma kwiindawo ezithile zentliziyo yakho aze abuyele umva (echoes). I-transducer ithatha la maza abuyayo ize iwathumele kwikhompyutha.

Emva koko, isoftware yekhompyutha isebenzisa le datha ukwenza umfanekiso oshukumayo wentliziyo. Oku kufana nevidiyo, ukuze ugqirha akwazi ukubukela intliziyo ibetha kwaye iivalvu zivuleka zize zivale ngqo.

Ukongeza kule ndlela isisiseko, kukho iindlela ezahlukeneyo ezikhethekileyo ezisetyenziswayo ukufumana iinkcukacha ezithe vetshe:

• I-Doppler ultrasound: Oku kujonga isantya kunye necala lokuhamba kwegazi. Kanye njengokuba i-'Doppler' radar esetyenziswa kwiingxelo zemozulu ibonisa intshukumo yamafu, oku kubonisa intshukumo yegazi ngaphakathi entliziyweni. Oku kubaluleke kakhulu ukubona ukuba igazi liyavuza kwiivalvu zentliziyo okanye ukuba zivaliwe.
• I-ultrasound enemilinganiselo emithathu (3D): Lo ngumfanekiso wentliziyo onemilinganiselo emithathu (3D), endaweni ye-scan eqhelekileyo ye-2D. Oku kunika ugqirha umfanekiso ochanekileyo ngakumbi wesimo sentliziyo kunye nomsebenzi wayo.
• Imifanekiso yomahluko: Ngamanye amaxesha, ukuba iindawo ezithile zentliziyo azibonakali ngokucacileyo, ulwelo olukhethekileyo ('idayi yomahluko') lufakwa emthanjeni wakho. Xa olu lwelo lungena entliziyweni, ingaphakathi lentliziyo licaca ngakumbi kwimifanekiso yeskeni.

Ndingazilungiselela njani ngaphambi kovavanyo?

Ngokuxhomekeke kuhlobo lwe-ultrasound onayo, amalungiselelo okufuneka uwenze anokwahluka kancinci. Ugqirha wakho okanye isibhedlele baya kukunika imiyalelo ngale nto. Ngokwesiqhelo, baya kuthi izinto ezinje:

• Ziphephe ikofu, iti, utywala, icuba, mhlawumbi nokutya kangangeeyure ezimbalwa ngaphambi kovavanyo.
• Usenokucelwa ukuba uyeke okwethutyana ukusebenzisa amayeza athile, kodwa ungaze uyeke ukuwasebenzisa ngaphandle kwengcebiso kagqirha wakho.
• Ukuba uziva uxinezelekile, nxiba iimpahla zokuzilolonga ezikhululekileyo kunye nezihlangu.
• Ukuba wenza uvavanyo lwe-TEE (throat swab test), uza kuthotywa ithontsi, ngoko ke kuya kufuneka uze nomntu oza kukuthatha akuse ekhaya emva kovavanyo. Awuyi kukwazi ukuqhuba ngaloo mini.

Ixesha elininzi, ngaphambi kovavanyo, kufuneka ukhulule impahla yakho ukusuka esinqeni ukuya ezantsi uze unxibe ilokhwe elungiselelwe sisibhedlele.

Kwenzeka ntoni ngexesha lovavanyo?

Olu vavanyo lwenziwa yingcali yentliziyo eqeqeshelwe isifo sentliziyo. Ngokuqhelekileyo kuthatha malunga nemizuzu engama-40 ukuya kwengama-60. I-TEE ingathatha malunga nemizuzu engama-90.

1. Kulula ukukufumana:Ngexesha le-TTE, uya kulaliswa ebhedini. Ngexesha le-TEE, uya kunikwa ulwelo olubangela ukuba ucinezeleke emqaleni wakho kwaye uthomalalise. Ngexesha le-stress echo, uya kufakwa kwi-treadmill. Ijeli ingafakwa esifubeni sakho ukunceda amaza esandi angene ngcono.

2. Iqhagamshelwe kwi-monitor ye-EKG: Izitikha ezimbalwa ezincinci (ii-electrode) zifakwa esifubeni sakho, ezijonga izinga lokubetha kwentliziyo yakho kulo lonke uvavanyo.

3. Ukufota intliziyo: Isixhobo esibizwa ngokuba yi-'transducer' sibekwa esifubeni sakho size sishukunyiswe kancinci ukuze sifote intliziyo.

4. Bakuxelela ukuba utshintshe indlela ophefumla ngayo: Ngamanye amaxesha uya kuxelelwa ukuba ubambe umphefumlo wakho okwethutyana, okanye ujike ngasekhohlo. Fumana ezo mifanekiso zibalaseleyo.

Nje ukuba kuthathwe imifanekiso eyaneleyo, uvavanyo luphelile. Ungaphinda unxibe iimpahla zakho.

Ngaba kukho naziphi na iingozi koku?

I-TTE eqhelekileyo (i-transthoracic echocardiogram) ikhuselekile kakhulu . Ayinazo iingozi ezaziwayo.

Ezinye iintlobo zinokuba neengozi ezincinci kakhulu.

• Ngexesha loxinzelelo , iimpawu zakho (iintlungu zesifuba, ukuphefumla kancinci) zinokubonakala. Kodwa ungakhathazeki, olu vavanyo lwenziwa phantsi kweliso likagqirha.
• Kunokubakho umphimbo obuhlungu kancinci kangangeentsuku ezimbalwa emva kokwenza i-TEE .
• Kunqabile kakhulu ukuba umntu abe ne-allergy xa ebona idayi engafaniyo neyabanye abantu .

Ugqirha wakho uza kukuchazela konke oku ngaphambi kovavanyo.

Zeziphi izinto ezinokufumaneka kwingxelo ye-Echo?

I-echocardiogram inokubonelela ngolwazi oluninzi malunga nolwakhiwo kunye nomsebenzi wentliziyo. Ukuba ingxelo yakho iqhelekile, oko kuthetha ukuba akukho ngxaki inkulu ngesakhiwo kunye nomsebenzi wentliziyo yakho. Ingachonga neemeko ezahlukeneyo zonyango ezinokufuna unyango.

• Amahlwili egazi: Amahlwili egazi ayenzeka ngaphakathi kwamagumbi entliziyo.
• Isifo sentliziyo esizalwa naso: Iziphene zentliziyo ezibakho xa umntu ezalwa.
• I-Cardiomyopathy: Izifo ezichaphazela izihlunu zentliziyo.
• Iithumba zentliziyo: Iithumba ezinomhlaza okanye ezingenobungozi ezikhula entliziyweni.
• I-Infective endocarditis: Usulelo oluyingozi lweevalvu zentliziyo.
• I-Pericarditis: Ukudumba kwenwebu ekhuselayo ejikeleze intliziyo.
• I-Thoracic aortic aneurysm: Ukudumba kwenxalenye yesifuba yomthambo wegazi oyintloko ophuma entliziyweni.
• Isifo seevalvu: Iingxaki apho iivalvu zentliziyo zingavuli okanye zingavali kakuhle.