Ngamanye amaxesha, inkumbulo endala engqondweni yethu ifika emva kwethu njengesiporho, akunjalo? Isandi esincinci, ivumba, okanye into esiyibonayo ngequbuliso ivuselela ingqondo yethu, kwaye kuvakala ngathi eso siganeko sibuhlungu sidala siyenzeka phambi kwamehlo ethu kwakhona. Namhlanje, siza kuthetha ngendlela entsha, kodwa esebenzayo kakhulu yonyango esinceda siphinde siphile kumava abuhlungu anjalo. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-EMDR therapy.
Yintoni i-EMDR? Ngamafutshane...
Intsingiselo epheleleyo ye-EMDR yi- Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing . NgesiSinhala, kufana nokuthomalalisa iinkumbulo ezibuhlungu engqondweni ngokusebenzisa iintshukumo zamehlo nokuziphinda ngokuchanekileyo. Kulula kakhulu, akunjalo? Le yindlela ekhethekileyo yokunyanga impilo yengqondo.
Kule ndlela, uhambisa amehlo akho ngendlela ethile ngelixa ucinga ngezo nkumbulo zakudala ezikukhathazayo. Injongo ephambili yoku kukuphilisa kwintlungu okanye kwezinye izinto ezibuhlungu ebomini. Xa kuthelekiswa nezinye iindlela zonyango, i-EMDR yindlela entsha. Uphando lokuqala ngale nto lwenziwa ngo-1989. Nangona kunjalo, izifundo ezininzi ezenziweyo ukususela ngoko ziye zabonisa ukuba le ndlela iyasebenza kakhulu kwaye inokufikelela kwiziphumo ngokukhawuleza kunezinye iindlela.
Ngubani onceda kakhulu olu nyango?
Unyango lwe-EMDR lunokunceda abantu abaneengxaki ezahlukeneyo zempilo yengqondo. Lungasetyenziswa nangubani na, ingakumbi abantwana abancinci, abantu abadala, kunye nabani na oneminyaka yobudala. Abanye abaphengululi baqeqeshwe ngokukodwa ukusebenzisa olu nyango kubantwana abancinci.
Kutheni olu nyango lukhethekile kangaka?
Enye yezona nzuzo zinkulu zoku kukuba akufuneki uthethe ngokweenkcukacha ngesiganeko esibuhlungu. Kwabanye abantu, ukuthetha ngesiganeko ngokuphindaphindiweyo kunokuba ngamava abuhlungu kakhulu.
Unyango lwe-EMDR lugxile ekutshintsheni iimvakalelo, iingcinga, kunye nokuziphatha okubangelwa ngamava abuhlungu. Oku kuvumela ingqondo yakho ukuba iqalise inkqubo yayo yokuphiliswa yendalo kwakhona.
Cinga ngale nto, xa sifumana inxeba esandleni sethu, siyalivumela ukuba liphile. Kodwa ukuba kukho into ebambekayo ngaphakathi kwelo nxeba, aliphili kakuhle, liyabola. Ukulimala kuyafana. Loo nkumbulo ibambekile engqondweni, ayicutshungulwanga kakuhle. Into eyenziwa yi-EMDR kukukhulula loo nkumbulo ibambekileyo kwaye incede ingqondo ukuba iyicubungule kakuhle.
Nangona sisebenzisa amagama athi "ingqondo" kunye "nengqondo" ukuthetha into enye, eneneni zahlukile. Ingqondo sisitho esisemzimbeni wethu. Kodwa ingqondoYinto esiyenzayo ngathi, ingcinga zethu, iinkumbulo, iinkolelo, kunye namava ethu. Indlela esebenza ngayo ingqondo yethu ixhomekeke kulwakhiwo lobuchopho bethu. Ezi seli zengqondo zidibene kwaye zisebenza njengenethiwekhi. Yiyo loo nto ngequbuliso sikhumbula iinkumbulo ezindala kunye nezinto esizibonayo, esizivayo, esizivayo, nesizivayo.
Isebenza njani i-EMDR? Kwenzeka ntoni ngaphakathi kwengqondo...
Unyango lwe-EMDR lusekelwe kwimodeli ebizwa ngokuba yi- Adaptive Information Processing (AIP) , echaza indlela ubuchopho bethu obugcina ngayo iinkumbulo. Ngokwale ngcamango, ubuchopho bethu bugcina iinkumbulo eziqhelekileyo kunye neenkumbulo ezibuhlungu ngeendlela ezimbini.
Kwimeko eqhelekileyo, ingqondo igcina loo nkumbulo ngendlela ehlelekileyo ize iyidibanise nezinye iinkumbulo, njengokubeka iincwadi kwithala leencwadi.
Kodwa xa sifumana isiganeko esibuhlungu okanye esibuhlungu kakhulu, ingqondo ayisebenzi "kwi-intanethi." Unxibelelwano phakathi koko sikuvayo (oko sikubonayo, sikuvayo, nesikuvayo) kunye nenkumbulo egcinwa yingqondo ngolwimi luyalahleka. Loo nkumbulo inamathela kwindawo enye engqondweni, ingalungelelananga, kwaye ayikwazi ukuphiliswa.
Oku kufana nenxeba lengqondo . Ngenxa yokuba inxeba alizange lifumane ithuba lokuphola, ingqondo ayikafumani myalezo wokuba "ingozi iphelile." Ke ngoko, kwakuba nje into efana kakhulu nesiganeko (umz. isandi, ivumba) ifika, loo nkumbulo "iyavuseleleka." Emva koko uloyiko oludala, umsindo, kunye nexhala ziqala ukubuya zisihluphe. Kungathi esi siganeko siphinda senzeke. Iinkumbulo esizibonayo kwi-PTSD zingumzekelo omhle woku.
Unyango lwe-EMDR lubandakanya ukufikelela kuloo nkumbulo ibambekileyo nebuhlungu ngendlela ekhethekileyo. Ngokuhamba kwamehlo, ingqondo incedwa ukuba iphinde isebenzise loo nkumbulo. Emva koko, inkumbulo igcinwa engqondweni ngendlela ecwangcisiweyo nechanekileyo.
Emva konyango, uza kusikhumbula eso siganeko. Kodwa ukuziva uphinda usiphile, intlungu enganyamezelekiyo eza naso, kuya kuphela. Inkumbulo ayisayi kulawula ubomi bakho.
Ziziphi izifo zengqondo ezinyangwa nge-EMDR?
Nangona unyango lwe-EMDR lusetyenziswa kakhulu kwi -Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) , lukwasetyenziswa ngempumelelo nakwezinye iimeko ezininzi zempilo yengqondo.
- Iingxaki zokuxhalaba: Umzekelo, ixhala eliqhelekileyo, uloyiko, kunye nexhala loluntu.
- Iingxaki zoxinzelelo: Ingxaki enkulu yokudakumba, kunye nokudakumba kwexesha elide.
- Iingxaki zokutya: Iimeko ezifana ne-Anorexia Nervosa kunye ne-Bulimia Nervosa.
- Iingxaki zokuGxila ngokugqithisileyo: Iimeko ezifana ne-OCD.
- Iingxaki zoBuntu: Umzekelo, iBorderline Personality Disorder.
- Iingxaki zokuzihlukanisa: Iimeko ezifana nokulibala ukuba ungubani kwaye uphi.
Amanyathelo asi-8 onyango lwe-EMDR
Unyango lwe-EMDR ludla ngokuba namanyathelo asibhozo. Ayizizo zonke ezi nyathelo ezenzeka ngosuku olunye. La manyathelo agqitywa ngeeseshoni ezininzi. Inkumbulo enye ebuhlungu idla ngokuthatha malunga neeseshoni ezi-3-6. Nangona kunjalo, iintlungu ezinzima ngakumbi nezihlala ixesha elide zinokufuna iiseshoni ezi-8-12 okanye ngaphezulu. Iseshoni nganye idla ngokuthatha malunga neyure okanye iyure enesiqingatha. Makhe sijonge ukuba zeziphi ezi nyathelo zi-8.
| Amanyathelo | Kalula nje... |
|---|---|
| Inyathelo 1: Yazi iinkcukacha zakho kunye nembali yakho | Ingcali yakho yonyango iza kuqokelela ulwazi ngawe, ixesha lakho elidlulileyo, kunye neziganeko ezikukhathazayo. Oku kuya kunceda ekuqinisekiseni ukuba i-EMDR ikulungele na. |
| Inyathelo lesi-2: Ukulungiselela nokwazisa | Baza kukuchazela okuza kwenzeka ngexesha lonyango kwaye baza kukufundisa neendlela zokukunceda ulawule iimvakalelo zakho kwaye uhlale uzolile. |
| Inyathelo lesi-3: Ukuvavanya injongo | Chonga inkumbulo ethile ekufuneka iphathwe kunye neenkolelo ezimbi ezinxulumene nayo (umz., "Lityala lam"). Chonga into entle ongathanda ukuyikholelwa endaweni yoko (umz., "Ndikhuselekile ngoku"). |
| Inyathelo lesi-4: Nciphisa uvakalelo kwaye usete kwakhona | Kulapho ucelwa khona ukuba ukhumbule inkumbulo ebuhlungu ngelixa ushukumisa amehlo akho. Ngeli xesha, uthetha nogqirha malunga neemvakalelo onazo kunye neengcinga ezintsha ezifika engqondweni. |
| Inyathelo lesi-5: Ukwakha ukuzithemba okuhle | Xa inkumbulo ebuhlungu isetyenzwa, inceda ekusekeni inkolelo entle engqondweni eyayichongiwe ngaphambili. |
| Inyathelo 6: Ukuskena Umzimba | Xa ndicinga ngaloo nkumbulo, ndijonga ukuba ukungakhululeki endikuvayo emzimbeni wam (umz., iintlungu zesisu, iintlungu zesifuba) akusekho na. |
| Inyathelo lesi-7: Ukugqiba nokuzinzisa | Ngaphambi kokuba iseshoni iphele, uza kungeniswa kwimeko ezolileyo nekhuselekileyo. Uza kufundiswa into omawuyenze ukuba uzive ungakhululekanga phakathi kweseshoni. |
| Inyathelo lesi-8: Hlola kwakhona | Siphonononga inkqubela eyenziwe kwiiseshoni zangaphambili size sigqibe kwelokuba ngaba kufuneka unyango olongezelelweyo okanye ukuba iinjongo kufuneka zitshintshwe na. |
Ziziphi iingenelo kunye neengxaki zonyango lwe-EMDR?
Njengayo nayiphi na indlela yonyango, i-EMDR ineengenelo kunye neengxaki zayo.
| Iingenelo | Iingxaki |
|---|---|
| Iphumelele: Le ndlela ibonakaliswe ukuba iphumelele kwizifundo ezininzi. | Ilinganiselwe: Uninzi lwexesha, oku kusebenza kuphela kwiingxaki zengqondo ezinxulumene namava abuhlungu. |
| Iziphumo ezikhawulezayo: Uqala ukuziva ukhululekile ngokukhawuleza kunangezinye iindlela zonyango. | Ithiyori:Akukacaci ngokwesayensi ukuba kutheni oku kusebenza, kodwa kuye kwangqinwa ukuba kuyasebenza. |
| "Umsebenzi wasekhaya" omncinci: Akukho nyango luninzi olufana nolu hlobo, njengokubhala iijenali kunye nokuzilolonga. | Indlela entsha: Ngenxa yokuba le intsha xa ithelekiswa nezinye iindlela zonyango, uphando olongezelelekileyo luyafuneka kwiziphumo zexesha elide. |
| Uxinzelelo oluncinci: Uxinzelelo aluncinci kuba akufuneki uphinde ukhumbule ngokweenkcukacha esi siganeko sibuhlungu. |
Yintoni omawuyenze xa kukho imeko engxamisekileyo?
Oku kubaluleke kakhulu. Ukuba uziva ufuna ukuzilimaza okanye ucinge ngokuzibulala ngexesha lonyango lwe-EMDR okanye nangaliphi na ixesha, nceda wenze ezi zinto.
Ungaze ube wedwa. Xelela umntu omthembayo ngoko nangoko (ilungu losapho, umhlobo) into ekukhathazayo.
- Yiya kwiYunithi yoNyango oluNgxamisekileyo (ETU) yesibhedlele esikufutshane ngokukhawuleza. Oogqirha nabasebenzi balapho baqeqeshwe ukukunceda.
- Yazisa ugqirha wakho onyangayo ngoko nangoko.
- Ungafowunela neenkonzo zefowuni ezisekwe kwinkxaso yempilo yengqondo eSri Lanka.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-EMDR lunyango olukhuselekileyo nolusebenzayo lokunyanga iingxaki zengqondo ezibangelwa kukwenzakala kunye neenkumbulo ezibuhlungu.
- Oku kunokufezekisa iziphumo ngokukhawuleza kunezinye iindlela ezininzi zonyango.
- Kolu nyango, akufuneki uthethe ngesiganeko esikukhathazayo ngokweenkcukacha, nto leyo eyenza ukuba kungabi naxinzelelo kangako.
- Oku akuncedi nje kuphela kwi-PTSD, kodwa nakwezinye iimeko ezininzi ezifana nokuxhalaba nokudakumba.
- Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuhlala ufuna olu nyango kwingcali eqeqeshiweyo nefanelekileyo. Ungabuza ugqirha wakho ngale nto uze umcele ukuba akuthumelele umntu ofanelekileyo.
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