Ngaba ngamanye amaxesha uba nomsindo kangangokuba awukwazi nokuwulawula, nokuba kungento encinci? Uyakhwaza, utshixe iingcango, ulahle izinto phantsi, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha ude ubethe umntu. Emva kokuba konke kuphelile, ngaba uziva ulusizi kakhulu kwaye uneentloni, ucinga, "Owu, kutheni ndenze loo nto?" Ukuba ukhe waba namava anjalo, awuwedwa. Namhlanje sithetha ngemeko yempilo yengqondo enokubangela olu hlobo lomsindo ongalawulekiyo. Yiyo loo nto i-Intermittent Explosive Disorder, okanye i-IED ngamafutshane.
Ngamafutshane, yintoni i-Intermittent Explosive Disorder (IED)?
Ngamafutshane, i-Intermittent Explosive Disorder (IED) yimeko yempilo yengqondo ebonakaliswa ngumsindo ongapheliyo, ongacwangciswanga, noqhambuka ngequbuliso okanye ukuziphatha okurhabaxa. Okubaluleke kakhulu, umsindo awulingani kwaphela nesiganeko esiwubangeleyo. Oku kuthetha ukuba nokuba yingxaki encinci kakhulu inokubangela uxinezeleko olukhulu.
Khawucinge ngomntu otsiba phambi kwakho emgceni. Umntu oqhelekileyo angakhathazeka kancinci, mhlawumbi angathethi nto. Kodwa umntu one-IED usenokuba nomsindo kangangokuba akakwazi ukuzibamba, asenokumkhwaza loo mntu, aze aqale umlo omkhulu.
Xa ezi ngxolo zingenzeki, aba bantu baziphatha ngendlela eqhelekileyo nelungileyo. Kodwa xa besenza njalo, abakwazi ukulawula umsindo wabo. Oku akukokuqumba nje kuphela, sisifo sengqondo. Malunga nama-80% abantu abanale meko banokuba nesinye okanye ngaphezulu sezinye izifo zengqondo, ezifana nokuxhalaba okanye isifo sengqondo esibizwa ngokuba yi-bipolar disorder.
Ngubani ochaphazeleka kakhulu yile meko?
I-IED inokuchaphazela abantwana abangaphezu kweminyaka emi-6 ubudala kunye nabantu abadala. Nangona kunjalo, abantu abadala abafunyaniswe benale meko badla ngokuba ngaphantsi kweminyaka engama-40 ubudala. Kwakhona, le meko ixhaphake kakhulu kumadoda kunakwabasetyhini.
Uphando luqikelela ukuba phakathi kwe-1.4% kunye ne-7% yabemi behlabathi banokuba ne-IED, oko kuthetha ukuba asiyongxaki ingaqhelekanga le.
Zithini iimpawu ze-IED? Siyibona njani?
Uphawu oluphambili kukuqhuma ngequbuliso komsindo ongafanelekanga kwimeko enjalo. Abantu abanale ngxaki bayazi ukuba umsindo wabo awulunganga, kodwa ngelo xesha baziva ngathi abanakukwazi ukuwulawula.
Kukho iimpawu ezininzi eziqhelekileyo zezi ziganeko zomsindo:
- Ayizizo ngabom: Ezi asizozinto ezicwangciswe kwangaphambili, njengokuthi, "Ndiza kulwa no-Aruth namhlanje." Zizinto ezenzeka ngequbuliso.
- Kwenzeka ngokukhawuleza: Xa umntu ebuhlungu okanye enomsindo, oku kugqabhuka kwenzeka kwimizuzwana embalwa.
- Ixesha elifutshane: Incopho yalo msindo ayihlali ngaphezu kwemizuzu engama-30.
- Uxinzelelo emva kwesiganeko esibuhlungu: Emva kokuba umsindo uphelile, kubakho uxinzelelo olukhulu, iintloni, kunye nosizi.
- Impembelelo kubudlelwane: Le ndlela yokuziphatha ibangela iingxaki esikolweni, emsebenzini nasekhaya.
Into ebalulekileyo kukuba umntu one-IED akangomntu umbi. Ulwa nezi mvakalelo zingalawulekiyo. Ngoko ke, kubalulekile ukuqonda oku njengengxaki yezonyango efuna unyango, kunokuba yingxaki yokuziphatha.
Itheyibhile engasezantsi ibonisa indlela olu msindo oluphuma ngayo kunye neemvakalelo eziyandulelayo.
| Uhlobo oluneempawu | Imizekelo kunye neenkcazo |
|---|---|
| Ukuqhuma okukhulu |
|
| Izinto ozivayo ngaphambi kokuba ucasuke |
Ezi ngxolo zomsindo ngamanye amaxesha zinokuba zincinci, kodwa zinokuba qatha kangangokuba zinokubangela ukwenzakala okukhulu okanye nokufa. Emva kokuba umsindo uphelile, kubakho ukukhululeka ekuqaleni, kodwa ke kubakho ukuzisola okukhulu kunye neentloni ngento eyenziweyo.
Kutheni oku kusenzeka? Zithini izizathu ze-IED?
Abaphandi basazama ukufumana unobangela, kodwa ngokusekwe kwinto abayifumeneyo ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, bakholelwa ukuba zithathu izinto eziphambili ezibandakanyekayo.
1. Izinto ezibangela ufuzo: Le meko inokwenzeka kwiintsapho. Oku kuthetha ukuba ukuba umzali okanye isalamane esisondeleyo sinolu hlobo lokuziphatha ngokungxama, kukho ithuba lokuba nabantwana babo nabo babe nalo. Izifundo zibonisa ukuba phakathi kwama-44% nama-72% exesha, ii-genes zidlala indima ekuphuhlisweni kolu hlobo lokuziphatha.
2. Izinto zebhayoloji: Utshintsho kwisakhiwo kunye nomsebenzi wobuchopho lunokuba yimbangela. Umzekelo, ii-MRI scans zobuchopho zibonise ukuba abantu abane-IED banotshintsho kwi -amygdala, inxalenye yobuchopho ebandakanyeka ekulawuleni iimvakalelo. Bafumanise nokuba abantu abane-IED banamanqanaba aphantsi e-neurotransmitter serotonin, elawula iimvakalelo zethu.
3. Izinto ezisingqongileyo: Amava anzima afunyanwa ebuntwaneni anefuthe elikhulu koku.
- Ukuxhatshazwa ngokwasemzimbeni okanye ngokwengqondo njengomntwana.
- Ukubona abanye abantu ekhaya bexhatshazwa.
- Ukuba nesiganeko esinye okanye ezingaphezulu ezibuhlungu xa wayesengumntwana.
Amava anje anokuchaphazela uphuhliso lobuchopho kunye nendlela iimvakalelo ezilawulwa ngayo, nto leyo enokukhokelela kwi-IED kamva.
Ungazi njani ngokuqinisekileyo ukuba le yi-IED? (Ukuxilongwa)
Ukuba unesikrokro nokuba ncinci kangakanani na sokuba wena okanye umntwana wakho unale meko, eyona nto ilungileyo onokuyenza kukuthetha nogqirha wakho. Usenokukuthumela kumcebisi wezempilo yengqondo (ingcali yezengqondo, ingcali yezengqondo) onamava kweli candelo.
Umcebisi wezempilo yengqondo uxilonga le meko ngokuthetha nawe ngononophelo aze ajonge ngokweenkcukacha iimpawu zakho. Baza kukubuza imibuzo efana nale:
- Imbali yakho neyentsapho yakho yezonyango (ingakumbi ukugula ngengqondo).
- Malunga nolwalamano lwakho lomntu siqu.
- Imbali yesikolo okanye yomsebenzi.
- Ukukwazi ukulawula iminqweno yakho.
Ukuze kufunyaniswe ukuba une-IED, kufuneka kuhlangatyezwane nenye yezi ndlela zilandelayo:
| Uhlobo lweSiqendu | Inkcazo (Iikhrayitheriya) |
|---|---|
| Ukuqhuma rhoqo, kodwa okunamandla aphantsi (Ukuqhuma Okuphezulu/Ubunzima Obuphantsi) | Ukuhlasela ngamazwi (ukukhwaza, ukuphikisana) okanye ukuhlasela okungabangeli monakalo emzimbeni kwimpahla, kwizilwanyana, okanye ebantwini, okwenzeka ubuncinane kabini ngeveki kwixesha leenyanga ezintathu. Oku akubanga monakalo mkhulu okanye umonakalo kwimpahla. |
| Ukuqhuma okungaxhaphakanga, kodwa okunamandla aphezulu (Ukwanda Okuphantsi/Ukuqina Okuphezulu) | Kwisithuba seenyanga ezili-12, ubuncinane kuqhushumbe olukhulu kathathu okubangela ukutshatyalaliswa kwempahla okanye ukwenzakala emzimbeni kwezilwanyana/abantu. |
Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba inqanaba lomsindo alilingani ngokupheleleyo nesiganeko. Kwakhona ayisiyonjongo. Ugqirha uya kuqinisekisa ukuba ezi mpawu azibangelwa sisifo sengqondo, isifo somzimba, okanye ukusetyenziswa gwenxa kweziyobisi.
Ngaba ikhona indlela yokunyanga le meko?
Ewe, ngokuqinisekileyo. I-IED yimeko enokulawulwa ngempumelelo. Injongo ephambili yonyango kukususa ngokupheleleyo iimpawu (ukuqhuma komsindo) okanye ukunciphisa ubukhali bazo kunye nokuphindaphindwa kwazo ukuya kwinqanaba apho umntu kunye nabanye banokuphila ngokukhuselekileyo.
Iindlela zonyango zahlulwe kakhulu zibe ziinxalenye ezimbini:
1. Unyango lwengqondo
Le yindlela ephambili yonyango. I-Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) ngokukodwa iphumelela kakhulu.
Kwi-CBT, ingcali yezonyango ikunceda ujonge nzulu iingcinga zakho neemvakalelo zakho. Ungayiqonda indlela iingcinga zakho ezichaphazela ngayo izenzo zakho. Ngale ndlela, ufunda ukutshintsha iipatheni zokucinga ezingalunganga ezibangela umsindo, ukucinga nokuziphatha ngendlela enempilo.
Ezinye iindlela ezithile ezisetyenziswa kwi-CBT:
- Uhlengahlengiso lwengqondo: Ukutshintsha indlela ocinga ngayo ngeemeko ezibangela umsindo.
- Uqeqesho Lokuphumla: Ziqhelise ukuphendula ngokuzolileyo kwiimeko ezibangela umsindo ngokusebenzisa iindlela ezifana nokuphefumla nzulu kunye nokuphumla kwemisipha.
- Uqeqesho lweZakhono zokuHlangana: Lingisani iimeko ezinokubangela umsindo kwaye niziqhelise indlela yokujongana nawo ngendlela ephilileyo (umz., ukushiya imeko).
- Ukuthintela Ukubuyela Kwisimo Esiqhelekileyo: Ukuba olu hlobo lokuziphatha luphinda lubuye emva konyango, aluthathwa njengoloyiso, kodwa luthathwa njengesifundo esifundiweyo nesifundiswe indlela yokuqhubela phambili.
2. Amayeza
Ngamanye amaxesha, oogqirha bacebisa ukusebenzisa amayeza kunye nonyango lwengqondo. La mayeza asebenza ngokunyusa umda womsindo. Oku kuthetha ukuba awusacaphuki ngezinto ezincinci ezazikucaphukisa.
I-Fluoxetine yeyona iyeza lifundwa kakhulu kule njongo. Ukongeza, amayeza okudakumba, amayeza okuthintela ukugula ngengqondo, kunye namayeza okulawula iimvakalelo nawo anokumiselwa ngugqirha kuxhomekeke kwiminyaka kunye neempawu.
Ngaba le meko iyaqhubeka? Zeziphi ezinye iingozi ezinokuvela?
Abantu abane-IED banokuhlangabezana nokuncipha kolwaneliseko ebomini kunye nomgangatho wobomi ophantsi. Oku kunokuba nefuthe elibi kakhulu kwimpilo yakho nakubudlelwane bakho bobuqu.
Nangona inokulawulwa ngempumelelo ngonyango, izifundo zibonisa ukuba i-IED idla ngokuba yimeko yexesha elide, ehlala iminyaka eli-12 ukuya kwengama-20, okanye ubomi bonke.
Ukongeza, abantu abane-IED basengozini enkulu yokuphuhlisa ezi meko zilandelayo:
- Uxinzelelo
- Ixhala
- Ingxaki Yokusetyenziswa Kotywala Neziyobisi
Eyona ngozi inkulu ngale meko kukuzilimaza kunye neengcinga zokuzibulala . Ke ngoko, ukuba wena okanye umntu kusapho lwakho unezi mpawu, kubaluleke kakhulu ukufuna ingcebiso kagqirha ngokukhawuleza.
Ukuba wena okanye umntu omaziyo uneengcinga zokuzenzakalisa, nceda utsalele umnxeba inombolo yoncedo lwezempilo yengqondo yesizwe yaseSri Lanka engu -1926 ngoko nangoko.
Izinto onokuzenza ukuze uzikhathalele
Ukuba une-IED, kubalulekile ukufuna unyango lobuchwephesha. Ukongeza, kubalulekile ukubandakanya izinto ozifundayo kunyango ebomini bakho.
- Ziqhelise iindlela zokuzola: Ziqhelise izinto ezifana nokuphefumla nzulu yonke imihla.
- Tshintsha indlela ocinga ngayo: Xa kuvela umsindo, zibuze, "Kutheni oku kusenzeka kum?" kwaye uzame ukutshintsha loo ngcinga.
- Phuhlisa izakhono zonxibelelwano: Ziqhelise ukuveza iimvakalelo zakho ngokuzolileyo ngamazwi, ngaphandle komsindo.
- Zisuse kwiimeko ezibangela uxinezeleko: Ukuba uziva unomsindo, zisuse kwimeko okwethutyana ukuba kunokwenzeka.
Ziphephe ngokupheleleyo utywala neziyobisi. Ezi zingenza ukuziphatha kwakho ngokungxama kube kubi ngakumbi.
Ukuba kukho umntu kusapho lwakho okanye osondeleyo kuwe one-IED, inokuba yingxaki engqondweni nakuwe. Ngoko ke, khathalela impilo yakho yengqondo. Funa iingcebiso ukuba kuyimfuneko. Kukwabaluleke kakhulu ukuthatha amanyathelo okuzikhusela wena nabantwana bakho.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Ingxaki Yokuqhushumba Okungapheliyo (IED) ayikokuziva nje unomsindo, kodwa sisifo sengqondo esifuna unyango.
- Ingqumbo apha ayilingani kwaphela nesiganeko esibangele loo nto.
- Le meko inokuchatshazelwa yimfuza, yibhayoloji (utshintsho lobuchopho), kunye nezinto ezisingqongileyo (amava obuntwana).
- Le meko inokulawulwa ngempumelelo nge-psychotherapy efana ne-CBT kwaye, ukuba kuyimfuneko, amayeza.
- Ukuba wena okanye umntu omaziyo unale mpawu, musa ukuba neentloni okanye ukoyika ukubona ugqirha ucele uncedo. Lolona ncedo lukhulu onokulwenza kuwe.
- Ukuba ucinga ngokuzibulala, nceda utsalele umnxeba kumnxeba woncedo ongu- 1926. Awuwedwa.
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