Njengomama okhulelweyo, usenokuba nemibuzo emininzi kunye noloyiko. Kuqhelekile ukuba noloyiko oluncinci, ingakumbi xa usiva amabali anje "ngokusika" kunye "nokuthunga" ngexesha lokubeleka. Abantu abaninzi bayayoyika le nto, kodwa wakuba uyazi kakuhle ukuba yintoni, ukuba yenziwe nini, kwaye ungayinyamekela njani emva koko, uloyiko lwakho luya kuphela. Ke namhlanje, masithethe ngale nto ibizwa ngokuba yi-episiotomy.
Yintoni kanye kanye i-episiotomy?
Ngamafutshane, i-episiotomy sisilonda esincinci esenziwe ngotyando ngugqirha wakho kwindawo ephakathi komnyango welungu lobufazi bakho kunye ne-anus yakho (le ndawo ibizwa ngokuba yi-perineum ngokwezonyango) ukuze kube lula ukuba umntwana wakho aphume. Esi silonda senza ukuba umnyango welungu lobufazi bakho ube mkhulu kancinci, okwenza kube lula ukuba umntwana wakho aphume.
Kodwa oku akwenzeki kumntu wonke. Ngamanye amaxesha, ngaphandle kokusikwa, indawo ye-perineum inokukrazuka kancinci xa umntwana ephuma. Oku sikubiza ngokuba yinyembezi yendalo `(inyembezi ye-perineal)` okanye `(ukukrazuka)`.
Ngaphambili, kwakujongwa njengento eqhelekileyo ukwenza i-episiotomy, kodwa ngoku oogqirha bakholelwa ukuba kungcono ukuyiphepha le ngxaki ngaphandle kokuba kuyimfuneko ngokupheleleyo kwaye uvumele ukukrazuka kwenzeke ngokwendalo.
Ngoko ke, kufuneka nini i-episiotomy?
Nangona olu siko lungenziwa rhoqo, ngamanye amaxesha luyimfuneko ukuze wena nomntwana wakho nikhuseleke. Ugqirha uya kwenza isigqibo esinjalo kuphela xa ecinga ukuba lolona khetho lukhuselekileyo kuwe nakumntwana wakho.
Nazi ezinye zeemeko ezinjalo:
- Ukuba umntwana usengxakini: Kwimeko engxamisekileyo, njengaxa isantya sentliziyo yomntwana sehla, kufuneka ukhuphe umntwana ngokukhawuleza. Olu siko lunokwenziwa ukuze kube lula ukwenza le nkqubo.
- Ukuba udiniwe kakhulu: Ukuba udiniwe kakhulu emva kokutyhala kangangeeyure ezininzi kwaye awunawo amandla okutyhala kwakhona, ungakwenza oku ukunceda umntwana aphume.
- Ukuba udinga ukusebenzisa izixhobo zokufaka i-forceps okanye i-vacuum: Ngamanye amaxesha ezi zixhobo kufuneka zisetyenziswe ukususa umntwana. Ukuba akukho ndawo yaneleyo kwilungu lobufazi yokufaka ezi zixhobo, olu siko luyimfuneko ukuze kubekho indawo.
- Ukuba umntwana ukwindawo eyahlukileyo: ukuba umntwana unesisu okanye amagxa omntwana anamathele (shoulder dystocia), olu siko lunokufuneka ukuze kwenziwe umngxuma omkhulu ukuze umntwana aphume.
- Ukuba umntwana utyebile kakhulu (usana olukhulu): Ukuba umntwana mkhulu kunesiqhelo, kusenokungabikho ndawo yaneleyo yokuphuma.
- Ukuba awukwazi ukulawula ukutyhala kwakho:Ngamanye amaxesha, xa kutyhalwa ngokukhawuleza kakhulu kwaye kungekho lawulo, i-perineum inokonakala kakhulu. Kwimeko ezinjalo, ugqirha unokugqiba ekubeni enze ukusika okuncinci ukulawula umonakalo.
Kutheni kungcono ukuyikrazula yodwa kunokuba uyinqumle?
Ngaphambili, oogqirha babecinga ukuba ngokwenza i-incision, iya kuphola kakuhle kwaye ithintele ukukrazuka okukhulu. Kwakukho nenkolelo yokuba iya kunciphisa iingxaki kamva ezifana nokungakwazi ukuzibamba komchamo.
Kodwa uphando olutsha lufumanise ukuba xa kwenziwa i-episiotomy, ukusika kunokwenzeka ukuba kukrazuke kakhulu kunokuba bekulindelwe . Kwakhona, ukukrazuka kwendalo kudla ngokuphola ngaphandle komonakalo omncinci. Yiyo loo nto oogqirha ngoku bezama ukuvumela le nkqubo ukuba yenzeke ngokwemvelo kangangoko kunokwenzeka.
Le nkqubo yokusikwa yenzeka njani?
Oku kwenziwa ngexesha lesibini lexesha lokubeleka, apho intloko yomntwana iqala ukuphuma kwilungu lobufazi (ukuqholwa).
1. Iipilisi zokunciphisa iintlungu: Okokuqala, uza kunikwa iipilisi zokunciphisa iintlungu. Ukuba sele une-epidural, awuyi kufuna ezinye iipilisi zokunciphisa iintlungu kuba umqolo wakho ongezantsi sele uphelelwe ngamandla. Ngaphandle koko, ugqirha uza kufaka i-anesthetic encinci kwindawo engaphantsi kwesisu ukuze ayibulale.
2. Ukwenza i-incision: Kwakamsinya nje ukuba intloko yosana icinezele i-perineum, ugqirha wenza i-incision esebenzisa isikere esikhethekileyo se-episiotomy.
3. Ukususwa komntwana kunye ne-placenta: Emva kokusikwa, umntwana uyaphuma, aze emva koko i-placenta isuswe.
4. Izititshi: Okokugqibela, ugqirha uza kusebenzisa uhlobo lwe-suture olunyibilika ngokuzenzekelayo ukuvala i-incision. Kwangaxeshanye, uza kujonga ubungakanani be-incision kunye nokuba kukho naziphi na ezinye iingxaki.
Ziziphi iintlobo zezicucu?
Kukho iintlobo ezimbini eziphambili zokusikwa.
| Uhlobo lokusika | Inkcazo |
|---|---|
| Ukusika okuphakathi/okuphakathi | Olu luqalo oluthe tye, oluvela phezulu ukuya ezantsi. Lwenziwa ngqo ukusuka emngxunyeni welungu lobufazi ukuya kwi-anus. Kulula ukuyifaka, kodwa kukho umngcipheko ophezulu wokukrazula i-anus. |
| Ukusikwa kweMediolateral | Olu luqalo olwenziwe kwi-anus. Lwenziwa nge-engile engama-45 degrees ukusuka kwindawo evulekileyo yelungu lobufazi. Oku kunciphisa umngcipheko wokonakala kwi-anus. Nangona kunjalo, kunzima ngakumbi ukuluthunga, lukhupha igazi elininzi, kwaye lunokuba buhlungu ngakumbi ngexesha lokuphiliswa. |
Zithini 'ii-degrees' zokusikwa okanye ukukrazuka?
Nokuba kukukrazuka kwendalo okanye ukusikwa kwe-episiotomy, ihlelwa ukusuka ku-1 ukuya ku-4 kuxhomekeke kubukhali bayo.
- Inqanaba lokuqala: Ukukrazuka okuncinci okuchaphazela kuphela umaleko omncinci wesikhumba phezu kwelungu lobufazi.
- Inqanaba lesibini: Ukukrazuka okudlulela kwizicubu ezingaphantsi kolusu. Uninzi lwemicu ye-episiotomy iwela kolu didi.
- Inqanaba lesithathu: Ukukrazuka okudlulela kwizicubu zesini ukuya kwi-anal sphincter.
- Inqanaba lesine: Eli lelona nqanaba linzima kakhulu. Kwimeko enjalo, ukukrazuka kudlulela kwimisipha yerectal ukuya eludongeni lwerectal.
Ibuhlungu kangakanani i-episiotomy?
Ungakhathazeki, awuyi kuva ntlungu ngexesha lokusikwa kuba loo ndawo ayizivakalisi kwaphela ngelo xesha.
Nangona kunjalo, emva kokuba ukuphelelwa bubuthongo, kuyinto eqhelekileyo ukuva iintlungu kwindawo yokuthunga iintsuku ezimbalwa, nokuziva ungakhululekanga xa uhamba okanye uhleli.
Ziziphi iingozi kunye neengxaki ze-episiotomy?
Njengakwezinye iintlobo zotyando, kukho iingozi ezithile ezibandakanyekileyo. Kodwa khumbula, ezinye zezi ngozi zinokwenzeka nokuba zikrazukile ngokwendalo.
- Ukopha
- Usulelo lwenxeba le-suture
- Intlungu ngexesha lokwabelana ngesondo emva kokuphola (i-dyspareunia)
- Ukonakala kwimisipha ye-rectum
- Ukushiya isilonda
- Ubunzima bokulawula umchamo
- Kuthatha ixesha elide ukuphiliswa
Izinto onokuzenza ekhaya ukunceda izithungo ziphilise ngokukhawuleza
Kuqhelekile ukuba nentlungu nokungakhululeki kangangeeveki ezimbalwa emva kokuba ususiwe umthungo wakho. Kukho izinto ezilula onokuzenza ekhaya ukunceda ukunciphisa oku kungakhululeki nokukhawulezisa ukuchacha kwakho.
- Faka ipakethe yomkhenkce: Ukuze unciphise ukudumba nentlungu, faka iityhubhu ezimbalwa zomkhenkce ezisongelwe ngelaphu elicocekileyo kwindawo apho kufakwe khona izithungo malunga nemizuzu eli-10-15. Yenza oku izihlandlo ezininzi ngemini.
- Hlamba uhleli phantsi: Oku kuluncedo kakhulu. Gcwalisa isitya esikhulu ngamanzi afudumeleyo uze uhlale kuso malunga nemizuzu eli-15-20. Oku kuya kunciphisa iintlungu, kuphucule ukujikeleza kwegazi, kwaye kuncede inxeba liphole ngokukhawuleza. Kungcono ukwenza oku kabini okanye kathathu ngemini.
- Sebenzisa ibhotile yeperi: Isibhedlele siza kukunika enye yezi. Okanye ungasebenzisa ibhotile yamanzi ecocekileyo. Emva kokusebenzisa indlu yangasese, zalisa ibhotile ngamanzi afudumeleyo uze uhlambe ngobunono indawo apho kukho khona izithungo. Oku kuya kugcina indawo icocekile kwaye kunciphise ukutsha xa uchama.
- Iipilisi zokunciphisa iintlungu: Sela ipilisi zokunciphisa iintlungu, ezifana neparacetamol, njengoko ugqirha wakho ekuyalele.
- Hlala phezu komqamelo wedonathi: Ukuhlala phezu komqamelo wedonathi kunokubangela intlungu njengoko izititshi zisichukumisa. Ukuhlala phezu komqamelo onomngxuma embindini kuya kunciphisa uxinzelelo kwindawo apho izititshi zikhona.
- Hlala ucocekile: Soloko utshintsha ii-sanitary pads zakho rhoqo kwaye ugcine indawo yomile kwaye icocekile.
Ndingaphinda ndilale nini kwakhona?
Inxeba lidla ngokuphola emva kweeveki ezi-6. Nangona kunjalo, emva kotyelelo lwakho lweeveki ezi-6 emva kokubeleka, kufuneka ubonane nogqirha wakho kwaye uphinde ulale naye emva kokuba ekunike imvume. Kuqhelekile ukuba uzive iintlungu okanye ukungakhululeki kwiinyanga ezimbalwa zokuqala. Ukusebenzisa i-lubricant esekwe emanzini kunokunceda ukunciphisa oku kungakhululeki.
Ukuba unale mpawu, bonana nogqirha ngokukhawuleza.
Ukuba ukhe wenziwa i-episiotomy kwaye ufumana naziphi na iimpawu ezingezantsi, kufuneka ubone ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko .
| Iimpawu ekufuneka uziqaphele |
|---|
| - Ukuba intlungu iya isiba mandundu endaweni yokuncipha imihla ngemihla. |
| - Ukuba kukho ukukhupha okunuka kakubi okanye ubomvu obuphuma kwindawo yomthungo. |
| - Ukuba ulusu olujikeleze inxeba lubomvu kwaye ludumbile . |
| - Ukopha ngenxa yezithungoAmagama. |
| - Ukuba unomkhuhlane, ukugodola, okanye iintlungu zomzimba . |
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Utyando lwe-episiotomy aluyonto eyenziwa ngumntu wonke kule mihla. Lwenziwa kuphela xa kuyimfuneko ngokwenene ukuze wena nomntwana wakho nikhuseleke.
- Awuyi kuva ntlungu ngexesha lokusikwa kuba indawo ayiziva mnandi.
- Izithungo ziya kuthatha iiveki ezimbalwa ukuba ziphole. Ngeli xesha, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuhlala ucocekile kwaye ulandele imiyalelo kagqirha.
- Ukuba ufumana iimpawu ezifana nentlungu egqithisileyo, ukudumba, okanye ubomvu emva kokuba uthungelwe, bonana nogqirha ngokukhawuleza.
- Ukuba usenoloyiko okanye amathandabuzo ngale nto, thetha ngokukhululekileyo ngayo nogqirha wakho ekliniki yakho ngaphambi kokuba ube nomntwana. Fumana iimpendulo zayo yonke imibuzo yakho kuye.
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