IimpawuJulayi 16, 2026🔄 Updated: Jul 16, 2026⏱ 4 min

Ngaba uhlala udiniwe? Ngaba unesi sifo? Mhlawumbi 'sisifo sokuqabulana' - masithethe nge-Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV)!

Creator: Dr. Priya Sammani
Published: 2026-07-15T22:50:55.000Z

Dr. Priya Sammani, MBBS, PG Dip. FMMedical Verification

Ngaba uhlala uziva udiniwe kwaye udiniwe ngaphandle kwesizathu esicacileyo? Ngaba unesifo somkhuhlane esiphantsi, umphimbo obuhlungu, kunye nomphimbo obuhlungu? Abantu abaninzi bacinga ukuba oku kumkhuhlane nje oqhelekileyo, kodwa emva kwezi mpawu kusenokuba kukho intsholongwane eqhelekileyo ehlabathini, kodwa asithethi kakhulu ngayo. Le yintsholongwane ye-Epstein-Barr, okanye i-EBV ngamafutshane.

Yintoni i-Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)?

Ngamafutshane, i-EBV yenye yezona ntsholongwane zixhaphakileyo emhlabeni. Idluliselwa kakhulu ngamathe ethu. Khawucinge nje, ixhaphake kakhulu kangangokuba malunga nama-95% abantu abadala baye bosulelwa yile ntsholongwane ngaxa lithile ebomini babo. Uninzi lwexesha, abazi nokuba bayazazi.

Le ntsholongwane yeyosapho lweHerpesvirus . ...

Isifo esiphambili nesaziwayo esibangelwa yile ntsholongwane yi-"Mononucleosis." Abanye abantu basibiza ngokuba yi-"Kissing Disease." Isizathu kukuba sidluliselwa ngokulula ngokuncamisa.

Zithini iimpawu zosulelo lwe-EBV?

Kungathatha malunga neeveki ezi-4 ukuya kwezi-6 ukuba ube neempawu emva kokuba usulelwe yile ntsholongwane. Kodwa usenokusasaza le ntsholongwane kwabanye ngelo xesha. Xa iimpawu zibonakala, zihlala zifana nezomkhuhlane okanye umkhuhlane oqhelekileyo. Ezi mpawu zincinci kakhulu kubantwana abancinci. Ngamanye amaxesha kusenokungabikho zimpawu konke konke.

Nangona kunjalo, kubantu abancinci, ingakumbi abakwishumi elivisayo, iimpawu zibonakala ngakumbi. Ukudinwa kakhulu kuxhaphake kakhulu kubo.

Le theyibhile ingezantsi idwelisa ezona mpawu ziqhelekileyo zosulelo lwe-EBV.

Uphawu	Ingcaciso elula
Ukudinwa	Ukuziva udiniwe ngalo lonke ixesha, nokuba ulala kangakanani na.
Ifiva	Ukuziva ushushu, unomkhuhlane kangangeentsuku ezininzi.
Umqala obuhkungu	Umphimbo obuhlungu obuhlungu xa uginya, iitoni ezivuvukileyo.
Iindlala ezidumbileyo entanyeni	Ii-lymph nodes ezidumbileyo kwiindawo ezifana nentamo nasemakhwapheni.
Iintlungu zemisipha	Ubuthathaka kunye nokuqaqamba kwemisipha.
Ukuqhambuka kwesikhumba	Abanye abantu banokuba nerhashalala ebomvu emizimbeni yabo.
Ukudumba kwespleen nesibindi	Oku kunokubonwa ngexesha lokuhlolwa ngugqirha.

Kwiimeko ezininzi, uza kuqala ukuziva ungcono kwiiveki ezi-2-4, kodwa ukudinwa kunokuqhubeka iinyanga ezininzi.

Isasazeka njani intsholongwane ye-EBV?

Njengoko besitshilo ngaphambili, le ntsholongwane iyosulela kakhulu. Isasazeka kakhulu ngamathe. Yiyo loo nto i-'Mononucleosis' ikwabizwa ngokuba yi-"Kissing Disease". Ngaphandle koko, ingasasazeka ngezinye iindlela ezininzi.

Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba ungayifumana le ntsholongwane nokuba uyifumana kumntu ongenazo iimpawu.

Indlela yokudlulisela
Ukukhohlela nokuthimla.
Ukusela kwikomityi enye okanye ukutya kwisitya esinye nomntu onesifo.
Ukwabelana ngezinto zobuqu ezifana neebrashi zamazinyo kunye nezixhobo zokusela.
Ngokuchukumisa izinto ezifana namathoyizi afakwa ngabantwana abancinci emlonyeni wabo.
Ngokwabelana ngesondo (ngolwelo lomzimba).

Masifunde ngokuxilongwa kunye nonyango.

Uyifumana njani le nto, Gqirha?

Kunzima ukufumanisa ukuba une-EBV ngokweempawu zakho zodwa, kuba iimpawu ezifana nomkhuhlane, ukudinwa, kunye nomphimbo obuhlungu zinokufana nomkhuhlane oqhelekileyo okanye umkhuhlane. Ngoko ke, ukuba unale mpawu, kungcono ukubona ugqirha uze uhlolwe.

Xa ugqirha wakho ekuxilonga, uza kukhangela ipleen okanye isibindi esikhulu, okanye amabala amhlophe kwiitoni zakho. Ukongeza, unokucelwa ukuba wenze uvavanyo lwegazi ukuze ufumane ngokuqinisekileyo. Olu vavanyo lwegazi lujonga ii-antibodies ezenziwe ngumzimba wakho ngokuchasene nentsholongwane. Oku kunokukuxelela ngokuqinisekileyo ukuba ngaba usulelekile okwangoku okanye ukhe waba nayo ngaphambili.

Zithini iindlela zonyango?

Ngenxa yokuba i-EBV yintsholongwane, ayinakunyangwa ngamayeza okubulala iintsholongwane. Enyanisweni, akukho nyango luthile lwe-EBV okwangoku. Nangona kunjalo, abaphandi baphanda amanye amayeza.

Ngoko ke, unyango lujolise ekulawuleni iimpawu.

Phumla ngokwaneleyo. Musa ukuzama ukuya emsebenzini okanye esikolweni, nokuba kunzima kangakanani na emzimbeni wakho.
Sela amanzi amaninzi kunye nolwelo. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukugcina umzimba wakho ungaphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni.
Xa umphimbo ubuhlungu, hlambulula ngamanzi afudumeleyo anetyuwa. Okanye, ungamunca i-ice pop okanye i-lozenge.
Ungathatha amayeza okunciphisa iintlungu afana neParacetamol okanye i-Ibuprofen ecetyiswe ngugqirha wakho ngenxa yomkhuhlane kunye neentlungu zomzimba .

Isilumkiso: Musa ukunika abantwana abangaphantsi kweminyaka eli-19 ubudala i-aspirin kuba inokubangela imeko engaqhelekanga kodwa enzima ebizwa ngokuba yi-'Reye's syndrome'.

Nokuba uqala ukubuyela emsebenzini okanye esikolweni, qala kancinci. Ziphephe izinto ezinokonakalisa i-spleen, ezifana nemidlalo kunye nokuphakamisa izinto ezisindayo, ubuncinane inyanga.

Iingxaki ezibangelwa yi-EBV

Nangona uninzi lweemeko zosulelo lwe-EBV zizithintela zona, ezinye iingxaki ezingaqhelekanga zinokwenzeka. Kubalulekile ukuzazi ezi. Kodwa khumbula ukuba ezi azixhaphakanga kakhulu.

Iingxaki ezinokwenzeka	Ingcaciso elula
I-spleen eqhekekileyo	Le yimeko engxamisekileyo. Intlungu ebukhali ngequbuliso kwicala lasekhohlo lesisu isenokuba luphawu lwale nto .
Iingxaki zenkqubo yemithambo-luvo	Usulelo lobuchopho nomqolo, olufana ne-meningitis kunye ne-encephalitis.
Ukudumba kwemisipha yentliziyo (Myocarditis)	Ukudumba kwemisipha yentliziyo.
Umngcipheko okhulayo womhlaza	Iyandisa umngcipheko weentlobo ezithile zomhlaza, njenge-Burkitt's lymphoma, i-Hodgkin's lymphoma, kunye nomhlaza womqala ongaphezulu.

Ufanele ufune nini ingcebiso kagqirha?

Nangona usulelo lwe-EBV luhlala luphela ngokuphumla ekhaya, kwezinye iimeko, kufuneka uncedo lwezonyango ngokukhawuleza. Qaphela ezi mpawu:

Intlungu ebukhali ngequbuliso kwicala lasekhohlo lesisu. Oku kungaba luphawu lwengxaki kwipleyini.
Ubunzima bokuphefumla okanye ukuginya. Le yimeko engxamisekileyo.Fowunela u-1990 ngoko nangoko okanye uye kwiSebe lezeMpilo eziNgxamisekileyo (ETU) elikufutshane.
Ukuphuma komchamo kancinci kakhulu. Oku kungaba luphawu lokuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni.
Ukuba iimpawu zakho aziphucuki emva kweeveki ezi-4-6 okanye ukuba ziya zisiba mandundu, qiniseka ukuba ubona ugqirha kwakhona. Isenokuba lolunye usulelo.

Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya

I-EBV yintsholongwane exhaphakileyo ehlabathini, edluliselwa ngamathe. Uninzi lwabantu luya kuyifumana ngaxa lithile ebomini babo.

Iimpawu eziphambili kukudinwa, umkhuhlane, umphimbo obuhlungu, kunye nokudumba kwamadlala entanyeni. Ezi zifana neempawu zomkhuhlane oqhelekileyo.

Akukho nyango lukhethekileyo loku. Eyona nto ingcono onokuyenza kukuphumla ngokwaneleyo, ukusela iziselo, kunye nokunyanga iimpawu.

Xa intsholongwane ingena emzimbeni, ihlala ingasebenzi emzimbeni ubomi bayo bonke. Ingaphinda ivuseleleke xa amandla okuzikhusela ehla.

Ukuba ufumana iimpawu ezinzima ezifana nobunzima bokuphefumla okanye iintlungu eziqatha zesisu, funa ingcebiso kagqirha ngokukhawuleza.

Musa ukwabelana ngezinto ezifana neekomityi, iicephe, okanye iibrashi zamazinyo nomntu oneempawu zesifo.

I-EBV, i-Epstein-Barr, i-mononucleosis, isifo sokuqabulana, umkhuhlane, ukudinwa, umphimbo obuhlungu, usulelo lwentsholongwane, i-mononucleosis, iimpawu ze-EBV, unyango lwe-EBV

⚠️ Important: The medical articles and information on Nirogi Lanka are for general awareness only, and are by no means a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. For any medical problem you have, consult a qualified physician immediately.