Ngaba ngamanye amaxesha ufumanisa ukuba oonobumba abakwiphephandaba okanye kwincwadi babonakala bengacacanga? Okanye ngaba unengxaki yokubona into ekude, njengophawu lwebhasi? Abantu abaninzi bacinga ukuba ukuxilongwa kwamehlo kuyimfuneko kuphela xa kufuneka banxibe iiglasi. Kodwa akunjalo ngokwenene. Ukuhlolwa kwamehlo akupheleli nje ekujongeni umbono wamehlo ethu, kodwa kukwamalunga nempilo yamehlo ethu, njengokuhlolwa kwezonyango konyaka.
Yintoni kanye kanye uvavanyo lwamehlo?
Ngamafutshane, uvavanyo lwamehlo yinkqubo apho ingcali yezempilo yamehlo ihlola umbono wakho, ukuva, kunye nempilo yamehlo iyonke. Awuyi kuva ntlungu ngexesha lale nkqubo. Kubalulekile kuye wonke umntu, kungekuphela nje kwabo bafuna iiglasi okanye iilensi zokunxibelelana. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba uhlolwe amehlo akho rhoqo ukuba unezinye izifo, ezifana nesifo seswekile.
Kodwa ayizizo zonke iimviwo zamehlo ezifanayo. Ezinye zenziwa ngenjongo ethile, ngelixa ezinye zivavanyo oluqhelekileyo. Kwaye kukho iingcali ezahlukeneyo ezenza ezi mviwo.
Yintoni umahluko phakathi kweengcali zovavanyo lwamehlo?
Xa sithetha ngamehlo, iingcali zibuza ngeentlobo ezintathu. Kodwa asazi kakuhle umahluko phakathi kwawo. Masicacise ngaloo nto.
| Uhlobo lwengcali | Iimfaneleko kunye neNdima |
|---|---|
| Oogqirha bamehlo (Ophthalmologists) | Aba ngoogqirha bamehlo abafanelekileyo kakhulu abanesidanga sezonyango esipheleleyo (MD). Banokuxilonga nokunyanga izifo zamehlo, kunye nokwenza utyando olufana nokususwa kwe-cataract. Aba ngcali banyanga nayiphi na ingxaki yamehlo enzulu. |
| Iingcali zamehlo | Aba ngabantu abanesidanga esikhethekileyo kwi-optometry (OD). Banokuhlola amehlo ukuze babone iingxaki zokubona, banike iiglasi okanye iilensi zokunxibelelana, baze baxilonge baze banyange izifo ezithile zamehlo, ezifana ne-glaucoma. Kodwa abenzi utyando . |
| Iingcali zamehlo | Abawahloli amehlo akho. Bakunceda ukhethe ifreyimu yeglasi yamehlo efanelekileyo, balungise iilensi, kwaye baqinisekise ukuba zilingana kakuhle nobuso bakho, ngokusekelwe kumyalelo owanikwa ngugqirha wakho okanye ingcali yamehlo. |
Ngawaphi amathuba ahlukeneyo okuhlolwa kwamehlo?
Ngokuxhomekeke kwisizathu sokuba uhlolwe amehlo, inokwahlulwa ibe ziintlobo ezahlukeneyo.
- Uvavanyo oluqhelekileyo/oluqhelekileyo: Oku kufana nokuhlolwa kwemizimba yethu rhoqo ngonyaka. Abantu abangenazo iimpawu ezithile okanye abanxiba iiglasi kufuneka bahlolwe rhoqo .
- Uvavanyo olulandelayo: Olu luvavanyo olwenziwa ngesizathu esithile. Umzekelo, emva kwengozi yeliso, emva kotyando, okanye ukuba unemeko ende efana nesifo seswekile okanye i-macular degeneration , unokufuna ukuvavanywa rhoqo ukuze kubonwe ukuba imeko ichaphazele amehlo akho na.
- Uvavanyo lwezonyango/olungxamisekileyo: Olu hlobo lovavanyo lwenziwa ukuba umbono wakho uphazamiseke ngequbuliso, umzekelo, ukuba wenzakele emehlweni, ukuba ulahlekelwa ngumbono ngequbuliso, okanye ukuba utshintshe umbono emva kokwenzakala entloko.
Yintoni ejongwayo xa kuhlolwa amehlo ngokupheleleyo?
Uvavanyo lwamehlo olupheleleyo luqokelela izinto ezininzi. Masithethe ngayo nganye nganye ngokulula. Ezi ndawo zovavanyo zinokwahlulwa zibe ziindidi ezimbini eziphambili.
1. Ukujonga inkangeleko yangaphandle kunye nomsebenzi weliso
Eli candelo lijonga kakhulu indlela amehlo akho abonakala ngayo ngaphandle kunye nendlela asebenza ngayo.
- Ubuchule bokubona: Oku kulinganisa indlela obona ngayo. Uyakhumbula ibhodi eludongeni eyakwenza wafunda oonobumba abancinci nabancinci okanye iimpawu ukusuka phezulu ukuya ezantsi? Yiloo nto itshathi yeSnellen isetyenziselwa yona.
- Amabala okubona: Olu vavanyo lulinganisa ububanzi bokubona kwakho. Ngamanye amaxesha sinokuba namabala angabonakaliyo kwezinye iindawo zokubona kwethu singaziqondi. Olu vavanyo lunokubona izinto ezinjalo.
- Ukushukuma Kwamehlo Nokulungelelaniswa Kwawo: Olu vavanyo lujonga ukuba amehlo akho ahamba kakuhle na kuzo zonke iindlela ngaphandle kokushukumisa intloko yakho, kwaye nokuba amehlo akho akumgca omnye na. Kuhlolwa iliso elinye, kwaye omabini amehlo ahlolwa kunye.
- I-eyelid kunye nezicubu ezingqongileyo (i-Conjunctiva kunye ne-Ocular adnexa):Inwebu ebhityileyo necacileyo egquma umhlophe weliso (i-conjunctiva) kunye neendawo ezijikeleze iliso, njengeenkophe, imibhobho yokukrazula, kunye nee-lymph nodes eziphambi kweendlebe, ziyahlolwa.
- Umfundi kunye ne-iris: Apha kuhlolwa umfundi kunye ne-iris, indawo enombala yeliso. Ngokukodwa, umfundi uyafinyela xa evezwa ekukhanyeni aze avuleke ebumnyameni (pupillary reflexes).
- Uxinzelelo lwangaphakathi kweso: Olu lolona vavanyo lubalulekileyo lokufumanisa i-glaucoma . Olu vavanyo luvakala ngathi ngumoya omncinci ovuthuzayo elisweni lakho. Aloyiki, kwaye alubuhlungu. Olu vavanyo lulinganisa uxinzelelo lolwelo olungaphakathi kweliso. Ukuba uxinzelelo luphezulu, lunokuba luphawu lwe-glaucoma.
2. Uvavanyo lweSibane esikroliweyo ukuze kujongwe ngaphakathi kweliso
Le yeyona nxalenye ibalulekileyo yovavanyo lwamehlo. Kusetyenziswa isixhobo esikhethekileyo (isibane esiqhekekileyo) ukuhlola izakhiwo ezibuthathaka ngaphakathi kweliso lakho. Ngaphambi kokuba oku kwenziwe, ugqirha wakho angakufaka amaconsi elisweni lakho ukuze avule iliso. Oku kuvumela ugqirha ukuba abone ngcono ngaphakathi kweliso lakho.
- I-Cornea: Oku kufana neglasi ephambi kwamehlo ethu. Siyijonga ukuba ayinamikrwelo, amanxeba, njl.njl.
- Igumbi elingaphambili: Isithuba esiphakathi kwelensi kunye ne-cornea yeliso. Olu vavanyo lunceda ukubona ukuba ulwelo olukule ndawo luhamba kakuhle na kwaye kukho uxinzelelo.
- Ilensi: Ukucaca kwelensi yeliso kuyajongwa. Oku kusetyenziswa ukufumanisa ukuba ingaba kukho i-cataracts .
- I-optic nerve: Le yi-optic nerve ethwala imiyalezo esuka elisweni ukuya engqondweni. Le isetyenziselwa ukujonga umonakalo kule mithambo kunye neempawu ze-glaucoma.
- I-Retina: I-membrane ebonakala ekukhanyeni ngasemva kweliso. Ifana nefilimu ekwikhamera. Izifo ezifana nesifo seswekile kunye noxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu zingonakalisa i-retina, ngoko ke kubalulekile ukuba eli candelo lihlolwe.
Cinga ngayo, iliso lakho lihlabathi elincinci. Ezi mvavanyo zinokubona lonke utshintsho oluncinci olwenzekayo ngaphakathi kwelo hlabathi. Ngoko ungaze uphoswe yile nto.
Ngaba nawe uyayikhathalela impilo yakho yengqondo?
Oku kusenokungabonakali ngathi kukuhlolwa kwamehlo, kodwa kubalulekile kwezinye iimeko. Xa ethetha nawe, ugqirha unokukubuza imibuzo elula efana nokuthi, "Ngowuphi umhla namhlanje?", "Uphi ngoku?", "Ngubani igama lakho?" Oku kungenxa yokuba ngamanye amaxesha iimpawu ozibonayo emehlweni akho zinokunxulunyaniswa neemeko ezithile zempilo engqondweni. Ke ngoko, kubalulekile ukwazi ukuba ingqondo yakho ikwinqanaba eliqhelekileyo na.
Ngaba kukho naluphi na ulungiselelo olukhethekileyo olufunekayo ngaphambi kovavanyo?
Uvavanyo lwamehlo oluqhelekileyo aludingi kulungiselela okuninzi, kodwa kulungile ukukhumbula ezi zinto zilandelayo:
- Gcina uluhlu lwamayeza kunye neevithamini ozithathayo. Xelela ugqirha wakho malunga namayeza ocinga ukuba awanxulumananga namehlo akho.
- Zisa iiglasi zakho zangoku okanye iilensi zoqhagamshelwano .
- Ukuba unayo nayiphi na imithi emidala yeglasi yamehlo, yiphathe nawe.
Yintoni onokuyilindela emva kovavanyo?
Emva kovavanyo, ugqirha uza kukuchazela iziphumo. Ukuba ufuna iiglasi, baza kukunika uxwebhu lwemithi oluza kusetyenziselwa bona.
Kubalulekile: Ukuba i-scrotum yakho ivulekile, unokufumana ukungakhululeki okuncinci kangangeeyure ezimbalwa emva kwenkqubo.
- Umbono wakho usenokuba luzizi xa ujonge izinto ezikufutshane, njengefowuni yakho okanye incwadi.
- Amehlo anokuba luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka xa ejonge ilanga okanye izibane.
Ngoko ke, licebo elihle ukuba uphathe iiglasi zelanga xa usiya kuvavanyo. Kwakhona, ukuba kunokwenzeka, kungcono ukuhamba nomnye umntu okanye ungaqhubi imoto . Ngenxa yokuba umbono wakho usenokuba mfiliba kancinci, kunokuba nzima ukuqhuba imoto.
Ufanele uye nini kugqirha ngoko nangoko?
Ukuba ubona naluphi na utshintsho embonweni wakho, ingakumbi ukuba kancinci kancinci uba mandundu, ngokuqinisekileyo kuya kufuneka ubone ugqirha. Kodwa kukho iimeko apho kungcono ungalibazisi.
| Uhlobo lwempawu | Inkcazo |
|---|---|
| Ukuba unale mpawu, bonana nogqirha. | |
| Ukulahleka kombono kancinci kancinci | Ubunzima bokufunda iphephandaba okanye incwadi, ukungaboni imibala ngokucacileyo, iintloko ezibuhlungu okanye ukukhathazwa kwamehlo ekupheleni kosuku. |
| Intlungu yamehlo okanye ukubomvu | Ukuba amehlo akho ahlala ebomvu okanye ebuhlungu. |
| Ezi ziimeko ezingxamisekileyo! Yiya kwiCandelo leeNgxamiseko (ETU) lesibhedlele ngoko nangoko! | |
| Ukulahlekelwa ngumbono ngequbuliso | Ukulahlekelwa ngumbono ngokupheleleyo okanye kancinci ngequbuliso kwelinye okanye omabini amehlo. |
| Ijongeka ngathi yiscreen esimnyama | Ukuziva ngathi kukho ikhethini emnyama ewela phambi kwamehlo. |
| Ukukhanya okuqaqambileyo | Ukukhanya okukhanyayo ngequbuliso okufana nombane. |
Ufanele uhlolwe amehlo akho kangaphi?
Ngokubanzi, licebo elihle ukwenza uvavanyo lwamehlo olupheleleyo ubuncinane kanye ngonyaka okanye emibini. Nokuba uneembono ezingama-20/20, kubalulekile ukwenza olunye. Oku kunokunceda ekufumaneni ezinye iimeko ngaphambi kokuba zibangele iimpawu.
Nangona kunjalo, ukuba uwela kwezi ndidi zilandelayo, kufuneka uhlolwe amehlo akho rhoqo. Thetha nogqirha wakho ngale nto.
- Ukuba uneminyaka engaphezu kwama -60 ubudala .
- Ukuba unesifo esifana nesifo seswekile okanye uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu.
- Ukuba kukho umntu kusapho lwakho okhe waba nezifo zamehlo ezifana neglaucoma .
- Ukuba unxiba iiglasi okanye iilensi zokunxibelelana .
- Ukuba ukhe waba sengozini yeliso okanye watyandwa ngaphambili.
Uvavanyo lwamehlo lutyalo-mali kwimpilo yethu iyonke. Lungakhusela kungekuphela nje amehlo ethu, kodwa nobomi bethu.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Uvavanyo lwamehlo alungolwabo bafuna iiglasi kuphela, lubalulekile kuye wonke umntu.
- Olu vavanyo alunakukwazi ukubona kuphela, kodwa lunokuchonga nezifo zamehlo ezifana ne-glaucoma kunye ne-cataracts, kunye nemiphumo yezinye izifo ezifana nesifo seswekile kunye noxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu.
- Ngokwesiqhelo kube kanye qho emva kweminyaka eli-1-2Kungcono ukuvavanya amehlo akho. Ukuba unesifo seswekile okanye imbali yesifo samehlo kusapho lwakho, jonga amehlo akho rhoqo.
- Ukuba ubona ngequbuliso, ubona amabala amnyama, okanye ukukhanya okukhanyayo , yimeko engxamisekileyo leyo. Yiya kwiSebe lezeMpilo eziNgxamisekileyo lesibhedlele esikufutshane (ETU) ngoko nangoko.
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