Xa wawusiya ekliniki ngexesha lokukhulelwa kwakho, ngaba waskenwa waza ugqirha wathi, "Usana lubonakala lukhulu kancinci"? Kuqhelekile ukuba nawuphi na umama azive esoyika xa esiva loo nto. Kuthetha ukuthini xa esithi "usana olukhulu"? Ngaba luyingozi? Ngaba luyayichaphazela indlela yokuzala? Mhlawumbi unemibuzo emininzi efana nale engqondweni yakho. Ungoyiki. Namhlanje sithetha ngale nto. Kwizonyango, le meko ibizwa ngokuba yiFetal Macrosomia. Siza kuthetha ngayo yonke into ngendlela elula onokuyiqonda.
Ngamafutshane, yintoni i-Fetal Macrosomia?
I-Fetal Macrosomia yimeko nje apho umntwana enobunzima obungaphezulu kakhulu kunobuqhelekileyo xa ezalwa. Nangona kunjalo, akukho nkcazelo inye phakathi koogqirha yokuba yintoni "umntwana omkhulu."
- Abanye oogqirha bathi ukuba umntwana unobunzima obuziikhilogram ezi-4 (iikhilogram ezi-8 kunye nee-ounces ezili-13) nangaphezulu, kuthiwa yi-Fetal Macrosomia.
- Abanye bathi ubunzima bufanele bube ziikhilogram ezi-4.5 (iiponti ezi-9 kunye nee-ounces ezi-14) nangaphezulu.
Nangona kunjalo, okubaluleke ngaphezu kwezi zibalo koko ugqirha akuthethayo ngawe kunye nemeko yomntwana wakho.
Usenokuliva negama elithi "Inkulu ngexesha lokukhulelwa" (LGA). Oku kuthetha ukuba umntwana wakho unzima kuneentsana ezili-9 kwezili-10 ezineminyaka efanayo ngeveki ozala ngayo.
Into ebalulekileyo kukuba i-Fetal Macrosomia ayinakusoloko ixelwa kwangaphambili ngokuchanekileyo. Ngamanye amaxesha, noomama abangenazo izinto ezinokuba yingozi banokuba nabantwana abakhulu.
Kutheni umntwana ekhula ngolu hlobo? Zithini izinto ezibangela umngcipheko?
Kunzima ukukhomba isizathu esinye nje sokuba umntwana abe nobunzima obukhulu. Zininzi izinto ezinokubangela oku. Nangona kunjalo, kukho izinto ezininzi ezibangela umngcipheko wokwanda kwamathuba okuba umntwana abe nobunzima obukhulu.
Eyona nto iphambili neyona ibalulekileyo kumngcipheko sisifo seswekile kumama ngexesha lokukhulelwa. Isenokuba sisifo seswekile sokukhulelwa, esenzeka kuphela ngexesha lokukhulelwa, okanye isenokuba sisifo seswekile esele sikhona, njengohlobo 1 okanye uhlobo 2.
Cinga ngale ndlela. Umntwana ufumana izondlo zakhe egazini likamama nge-placenta. Ngoko ke ukuba inqanaba leswekile egazini likamama liphezulu, umntwana ufumana nelo nani liphezulu leswekile. Ngenxa yoko, umzimba womntwana uvelisa i-insulin engaphezulu kunye ne-growth hormone. Ezi hormone zibangela ukuba umntwana agcine amafutha amaninzi, kwaye ubungakanani bomntwana buyanda. Iintsana ezinkulu, ingakumbi ezo zizalelwe ngoomama abanesifo seswekile, zinokuba namahlombe amakhulu. Oku kunokukhokelela kwiingxaki ngexesha lokubeleka.
Ukongeza kwisifo seswekile, kukho nezinye izinto ezininzi ezibangela umngcipheko we-macrosomia kwi-fetus kwitheyibhile engasezantsi.
| Into Engumngcipheko | Icacisiwe ngokulula |
|---|---|
| Ukutyeba kakhulu ngaphambi kokukhulelwa | Ukuba utyebile kakhulu ngaphambi kokuba ukhulelwe, amathuba akho okuba nomntwana omkhulu anokwanda ngokuphindwe kane ukuya kwi-12. |
| Ukwanda kobunzima ngexesha lokukhulelwa | Ukuba utyeba ngaphezu kokuba kuyimfuneko ngexesha lokukhulelwa, umntwana unokufumana izondlo ezingaphezulu aze akhule abe mkhulu. |
| Ukuba ndibe nabantwana abakhulu ekuzalweni kwangaphambili | Ukuba ukhe waba nomntwana omkhulu ngaphambili, amathuba okuba umntwana wakho olandelayo abe mkhulu aphindwe kahlanu ukuya kwishumi. |
| Emva kokuba ndizele abantwana abaninzi | Ukuba sele unabantwana abathathu okanye ngaphezulu, abalandelayo banokuba baninzi ngobukhulu. |
| Ukuba ngumntwana omkhulu xa uzalwa | Ukuba ubunzima bakho bungaphezulu kweekhilogram ezili-8 xa uzalwa, amathuba akho okubeleka umntwana omkhulu aphindwe kabini. |
| Iiveki ezimbini emva komhla wokugqibela | Ukuba ukukhulelwa kudlule iiveki ezingama-42 emva komhla wokuzalwa, umntwana usenokutyeba njengoko eqhubeka efumana ukutya. |
Ziziphi iingxaki ezinokuvela xa unomntwana omkhulu?
Ukuba nomntwana omkhulu kunokunyusa kancinci umngcipheko weengxaki kumama nakumntwana ngexesha lokubeleka. Nangona kunjalo, kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuba ezi zinto azenzeki kuwo wonke umntu. Iqela lezonyango lihlala lilungele isiganeko esinjalo.
Iziphumo ezinokubakho kumama
- Ukuzala ixesha elide: Isigaba sokutyhala, ingakumbi xa umntwana ephuma, singathatha ixesha elide.
- I-Shoulder dystocia: Le yeyona ngxaki ixhaphakileyo. Oku kwenzeka xa amahlombe amakhulu omntwana enamathela phakathi kwamathambo e-pelvic kamama emva kokuba intloko yomntwana iphumile. Nangona oku kuyinto engxamisekileyo, oogqirha kunye nabahlengikazi baqeqeshwe ukuyilawula.
- Iinyembezi zesini: Xa umntwana omkhulu ephuma, kukho amathuba amakhulu okonakala kwisini nakwizicwili ezingqongileyo.
- Ukopha emva kokubeletha: Ukopha kakhulu emva kokubeletha kunokwenzeka ngenxa yokuba isibeleko asinciphi kakuhle, nto leyo ebangela ukopha okungakumbi kunesiqhelo.
- Ukuqhambuka kwesibeleko: Oku kunqabile kakhulu, ingakumbi koomama abakhe batyandwa ngotyando (C-section).
Iziphumo ezinokwenzeka kumntwana emva kokuzalwa
- Iswekile ephantsi egazini: Ngenxa yokuba umntwana wayeqhele ukuvelisa i-insulin engaphezulu esibelekweni, amanqanaba eswekile egazini lomntwana asenokuba phantsi emva kokuzalwa.
- Ubunzima bokuphefumla: Abanye abantwana banokuba nobunzima bokuphefumla emva nje kokuzalwa.
- I-Jaundice: Ukutyheli kolusu namehlo ngenxa yamanqanaba aphezulu e-bilirubin.
- Ukwanda kwenani leeseli ezibomvu zegazi.
Ukuba kukho nayiphi na kwezi meko, iqela lezonyango elikwiwadi yabantwana yesibhedlele liya kubonelela ngonyango olufunekayo ngoko nangoko. Kungafuneka ukuba umntwana agcinwe kwiyunithi yokhathalelo oluphezulu lweentsana ezisandul’ ukuzalwa (i-NICU) kangangeentsuku ezimbalwa.
Uyazi njani ukuba umntwana mkhulu kangakanani?
Lo ngumbuzo obaluleke kakhulu. Eyona ndlela yokuqinisekisa i-macrosomia ye-fetus ngokuchanekileyo kwe-100% kukukala umntwana emva kokuzalwa.
Ngexesha lokukhulelwa, oogqirha benza uqikelelo kuphela. Basebenzisa iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokwenza oko.
1. Umlinganiselo wokuphakama kweFundal: Usenokuba ukhe wambona ugqirha ekliniki elinganisa isisu sakho ngeteyipu yokulinganisa. Oku kulinganisa ubude besibeleko kwaye kunika umbono wokukhula komntwana. Ukuba isibeleko sikhulu kunokuba bekulindelwe, kunokucingelwa ukuba umntwana naye mkhulu.
2. I-Ultrasound Scan: Ukuba ukrokrela ukuba umntwana wakho mkhulu, ugqirha wakho uza kukuthumela kwi-scan. I-scan ilinganisa ubukhulu bentloko yomntwana, isisu, kunye namathambo emilenze, kwaye isebenzisa loo datha ukuqikelela ubunzima bomntwana.
Kodwa khumbula, iskeni ayikuxeleli ubunzima bomntwana.Olu ayilobunzima obuchanekileyo, luqikelelo nje. Olu qikelelo lunokwahluka malunga ne-10%. Umzekelo, ukuba iskeni ibonisa ukuba umntwana unobunzima obuziikhilogram ezi-4, ubunzima bokwenyani mhlawumbi buphakathi kweekhilogram ezi-3.6 nezi-4.4.
Ngoko ke, ugqirha uza kuxoxa nawe ngeyona ndlela ilungileyo yokubeleka emva kokuqwalasela ingxelo yeskeni kunye nezinye izinto ezikubangela umngcipheko.
Ungayilawula njani le meko kwaye ucwangcise ukuhanjiswa kwayo?
Ukuba ukrokrela ukuba umntwana wakho mkhulu, ugqirha wakho uza kuthetha nawe malunga nendlela yokuceba ukuzala kwakho. Kukho iindlela ezimbini eziphambili apha.
- Ukuzala Kwangasese: Ukuba umntwana akamkhulu kakhulu kwaye akukho ngxaki zimbi, ungazama ukumzala ngesini. Nangona kunjalo, iqela lezonyango lixhalabele ngakumbi iingozi ezifana ne-Shoulder Dystocia.
- Utyando lwe-Cesarean (C-section): Ukuba umntwana wakho unobunzima obungaphezu kwe-4.5 kg, okanye ukuba unesifo seswekile, ugqirha wakho unokucebisa ukuba kwenziwe utyando lwe-cesarean olucwangcisiweyo ukuze kuncitshiswe umngcipheko weengxaki.
Abanye abantu bacinga ukuba kungcono ukuzala umntwana kwangethuba kuba umntwana uyakhula. Nangona kunjalo, uphando lwezonyango lubonisa ukuba ukuzala umntwana ngaphambi kweeveki ezingama-39 ngaphandle kwesinye isizathu sezonyango akunciphisi iingxaki. Ke ngoko, kubaluleke kakhulu ukulandela icebiso likagqirha wakho.
Yintoni esinokuyenza ukuthintela i-macrosomia ye-fetal?
Ngenxa yokuba zininzi izinto ezichaphazela ukukhula komntwana, le meko ayinakuthintelwa nge-100%. Nangona kunjalo, kukho izinto ezimbalwa onokuzenza ukunciphisa umngcipheko.
- Yiya rhoqo kwiikliniki zokukhulelwa: Yiya rhoqo kuzo zonke iikliniki. Oku kuya kuvumela ugqirha ukuba ajonge impilo yakho kunye nophuhliso lomntwana. Kwakhona, qiniseka ukuba ufumana uvavanyo lokunyamezela i-glucose ukuze kuhlolwe isifo seswekile sokukhulelwa.
- Ukuzilolonga ngexesha lokukhulelwa: Thetha nogqirha wakho malunga nokuba zeziphi izithambo ezikhuselekileyo nezifanelekileyo kuwe, uze uzibandakanye kuzo. Nokuba yinto elula njengokuhamba inokuba luncedo kakhulu.
- Ukulawula Isifo Seswekile: Ukuba unesifo seswekile sokukhulelwa, landela icebiso likagqirha wakho kunye nengcali yesondlo. Ukuba unesifo seswekile esele sikhona, lawula amanqanaba eswekile egazini lakho kangangoko unako.
- Ukulawula Ubunzima: Zama ukugcina ubunzima obusempilweni ngaphambi kokuba ukhulelwe. Oku kunokufezekiswa ngokutya okunesondlo kunye nokuzilolonga. Kwabanye abantu abatyebe kakhulu, iingcebiso zonyango zinokufuneka ukuba baqwalasele ezinye iindlela ezifana notyando lwe-bariatric.
Okokugqibela, musa ukoyika xa ufumanisa ukuba umntwana wakho mkhulu. Oko akuthethi ukuba kuza kubakho ingxaki. Eyona nto ingcono onokuyenza kukulawula izinto ezikubangela umngcipheko kwaye ulandele imiyalelo kagqirha wakho ngononophelo. Thetha nogqirha wakho ngayo nayiphi na imibuzo okanye iinkxalabo onokuba nazo.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-Fetal macrosomia yimeko apho umntwana enobunzima obungaphezu kobuqhelekileyo xa ezalwa. Le yimeko enokulawulwa ngempumelelo.
- Eyona nto ibangela oku kukuba umama onesifo seswekile ngexesha lokukhulelwa.
- Iiskeni ezenziwa ngexesha lokukhulelwa aziboneleli ngoqikelelo oluchanekileyo lwe-100% lobunzima bomntwana, kodwa zibonelela ngoqikelelo kuphela.
- Eyona nto ingcono onokuyenza kukuya ekliniki rhoqo, ulandele indlela yokuphila enempilo, kwaye ulawule ubunzima bakho kunye namanqanaba eswekile egazini.
- Thetha ngokukhululekileyo nogqirha wakho ukuze wenze isigqibo esifanelekileyo malunga nokuzala kwakho. Yabelana naye ngazo zonke izinto ezikuxhalabisayo kunye noloyiko lwakho.
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