Sonke sicinga ngeengxaki zempilo ezijongene nabazali bethu, ootatomkhulu noomakhulu noomakhulu njengoko besaluphala, akunjalo? Sihlala sithetha ngezifo ezifana neentlungu zamadolo, uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu, nesifo seswekile, size sibayise koogqirha. Kodwa ngaba ukwaluphala kuthetha ukugula kuphela? Khawucinge ngokuba bodwa kwabo, ukubekelwa ecaleni kuluntu, iingxaki zoqoqosho, kunye nokungabi namandla abakuvayo xa bengenakukwazi ukwenza nantoni na ngokwabo... Konke oku kuchaphazela kangakanani ubomi babo? Yile ndlela esithetha ngayo ngeqela labantu namhlanje abacinga ngayo yonke into yokwaluphala, abanolwazi oluyingcali ngayo, kwaye banceda ukuphucula umgangatho wobomi babantu abadala bethu. Babizwa ngokuba ziiGerontologists .
Ngamafutshane, ngubani lo Gerontologist?
Ngamafutshane, iGerontologist yingcali efunda inkqubo yokwaluphala kunye nempilo-ntle yabantu abadala. Ngoku usenokuba ucinga, "Owu... oko kuthetha ugqirha onyanga abantu abadala?" Ewe, yinxalenye yalo. Kodwa igama elithi Gerontologist libanzi kakhulu kunoko.
Cinga ngeGerontologist njengesambrela esikhulu. Phantsi kweso sambrela kukho iingcali kwiinkalo ezahlukeneyo. Zonke zinenjongo efanayo yokwenza ukwaluphala kube bubomi obungcono, obusempilweni, nobonwabisayo. Abantu abanokuwela phantsi kwesi sambrela ngaba:
- Oogqirha: Aba ngabantu esibabiza ngokuba ziingcali zezifo zabantu abadala. Oko kukuthi, oogqirha abaziingcali kwizifo zabantu abadala. Siza kuthetha ngale nto ngokweenkcukacha kamva.
- Abahlengikazi: Abahlengikazi abafumene uqeqesho olukhethekileyo ekunyamekeleni abantu abadala nasekunyamekeleni impilo yabo.
- Iingcali zebhayoloji: Abo baphanda utshintsho olwenzeka kwinqanaba leeseli emzimbeni njengoko sikhula.
- Iingcali zengqondo: Abo bagxila kwizinto ezifana notshintsho lwengqondo oluvela ngexesha lokwaluphala, ukulahlekelwa yinkumbulo, ukuba wedwa, kunye nokudakumba.
- Abasebenzi bezentlalo: Abantu abanceda abantu abadala ngenkxaso yoluntu, izindlu, kunye noncedo lwezoqoqosho abaludingayo.
- Iingcali zezoqoqosho: Abo bafunda ngezimali zomhlalaphantsi kunye nendlela abantu abadala abachaphazela ngayo uqoqosho lwelizwe.
- Iingcali kwezobugcisa okanye kwezentlalo: Abo bafunda indlela ingcamango yokwaluphala emelwa ngayo kuluntu nakwinkcubeko.
Ngoku uyaqonda, akunjalo? Ingcali ye-gerontologist ayilohlobo olunye lomntu. Licandelo elibanzi elidibanisa ulwazi oluvela kwiinkalo ezahlukeneyo.
Ucinga njani ugqirha wezifo zabantwana abalupheleyo? Ukubona umfanekiso opheleleyo
Into ekhethekileyo ngogqirha wezifo zabantwana abalupheleyo kukuba xa bejonga umntu osele ekhulile, abajongi nje kuphela isigulo sakhe. Bajonga umntu wonke, indawo ahlala kuyo. Bayazi kakuhle ukuba ukwaluphala akuchaphazeli wonke umntu ngendlela efanayo.
Cinga ngale mizekelo:
1. Ukuhlala kwindawo ehlwempuzekileyo: Cinga ngomakhulu kwilali yethu. Ugqirha umxelela ukuba atye ukutya okunesondlo aze ahambe kancinci yonke imihla. Kodwa ukuba akukho venkile ilungileyo yokuthenga imifuno neziqhamo kwilali apho loo makhulu ahlala khona, okanye ukuba akukho ndlela ikhuselekileyo okanye ipaki yokuhamba, uza kuyilandela njani loo miyalelo? Ingcali yezifo zabantwana icinga ngemiba esebenzayo efana nale.
2. Ubulolo kunye nokunxibelelana nabantu: Abanye abantu abadala banabantwana abasebenza kwamanye amazwe, okanye kwiindawo ezikude njengeColombo. Babodwa ekhaya. Xa bengenamntu wokuthetha naye, kungekuphela nje impilo yabo yengqondo kodwa nempilo yabo yomzimba iyawohloka ngenxa yosizi. Ingcali yokukhula kwabantu abadala iyaqonda ukuba unxibelelwano lwabo loluntu lubaluleke kangakanani kubo, njengokuya etempileni, ecaweni, etempileni, okanye ukujoyina umbutho welali.
3. Iingxaki zokuhamba: Cinga ngotatomkhulu omele aye ekliniki ngexesha lokuya kwakhe exesheni. Akakwazi ukuqhuba imoto eyedwa. Abantwana bakhe basemsebenzini. Kufuneka ahambe ngebhasi, esokola. Ngenxa yesi sizathu, usenokungavumi ukuya ekliniki. Oku kuyichaphazela njani inkululeko yakhe kunye nokuzihlonipha kwakhe?
4. Ukuthanda Ubudala: Emva komhlalaphantsi, xa umntu ezama ukufumana umsebenzi omncinci, eminye imibutho ithi, "Owu, malume, siqesha abantu abancinci." Oku akupheleli nje ekubangeleni iingxaki zemali, kodwa kunokubenza bazive "Andiseluncedo eluntwini" kwaye kubenze bazive bedakumbile.
Ukwaluphala akupheleli nje ekuguleni. Kukwalelinye inqanaba lobomi. Wonke umntu omdala unelungelo lokuphila elo nqanaba ngesidima, ulonwabo, nempilo. Indima yengcali yokuguga kukukhokela oko.
Ingcali yezeNtlalo kunye neNgcali yezeNtlalo: Yintoni kanye umahluko phakathi kwezi zimbini?
Kulapho abantu abaninzi badideka khona. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuchaza ngokucacileyo umahluko phakathi kwezi zimbini. Masijonge oku kwitheyibhile ukuze kube lula.
| Uphawu | Ingcali yezeNtlalo (ugqirha ogxile kubantu abadala) | Ingcali yokuguga (ingcali kwisifundo sokwaluphala) |
|---|---|---|
| Isiqinisekiso esisisiseko | Ugqirha onezidanga zobugqirha (ezifana ne-MBBS) kwaye oqeqeshwe ngokukhethekileyo kwizifo zabantu abadala. | Umntu ofumene ubuncinci isidanga seMasters okanye iDoctorate kwisifundo esinxulumene nokwaluphala (umz., isayikholoji, isayensi yezentlalo, iyeza). |
| Ingqwalasela ephambili | Ukuchonga , ukunyanga nokuthintela izifo eziqhelekileyo kubantu abadala (isifo seswekile, uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu, isifo samathambo, ukulahlekelwa yinkumbulo). | Ukufunda zonke iinkalo zokwaluphala - ngokwasemzimbeni, ngokwengqondo, kwezentlalo nakwezoqoqosho - nokufumana iindlela zokuphucula umgangatho wobomi babo. |
| Umsebenzi owenziwayo | Ukunika izigulana amayeza, ukuzithumela ukuba ziye kutyando, kunye nokunyanga izigulana ezibhedlele nakwiikliniki. | Ukwenza uphando, ukuqulunqa imigaqo-nkqubo, ukubonisana, ukubonelela ngemfundo, ukucwangcisa iinkqubo kumakhaya abantu abadala, kunye nokucebisa urhulumente. |
| Umzekelo olula | Ugqirha onyanga iintlungu zedolo likamakhulu wakho. | Unontlalontle onika iingcebiso kwiziko lokunyamekela abantwana elifanelekileyo loo makhulu, kuba ekufumanisa kunzima ukuhlala yedwa ekhaya, okanye umphandi ocinezela urhulumente ukuba enze amaziko anjalo. |
Ngamafutshane, wonke umntu oGqirha ngeMinyaka eyi-20 yi-Gerontologist, kodwa ayinguye wonke umntu oGqirha ngeMinyaka eyi-20 yi-Geriatrician (ugqirha).
Basebenza phi aba bantu? Benza ntoni?
Umsebenzi wengcali yokukhula kwabantwana wahlukahlukene kakhulu. Abaphelelanga kwindawo enye.
Iindawo zomsebenzi:
- Izibhedlele kunye neekliniki
- Amakhaya abantu abadala kunye namaziko okhathalelo lwexesha elide
- Amaziko oluntu
- Imibutho engenzi nzuzo kunye neenkampani
- Amaziko ophando
- Iiyunivesithi
Imisebenzi eyenziweyo:
- Ucwangciso lwenkqubo:Ukudala izinto ezifana neenkqubo zempilo, iiklasi zokuzilolonga, kunye neeklasi zokufunda ngekhompyutha ezifanelekileyo kubantu abadala bethu.
- Ingcebiso: Ukunika iingcebiso kubantu abadala kunye neentsapho zabo malunga nocwangciso lomhlalaphantsi, ulawulo lwezemali, kunye neendlela zokuhlala.
- Ukwenziwa kwemigaqo-nkqubo: Ukucinezela urhulumente ukuba enze imithetho enceda abantu abadala, nokubonelela ngezibonelelo ezikhethekileyo kwezothutho lukawonke-wonke nakwiibhanki.
- Uphando: Ufuna ulwazi olutsha malunga nezinto ezinje ngendlela yokugcina impilo yengqondo njengoko ukhula? Ungaphila njani nezifo ezingapheliyo?
- Ukubonelela ngemfundo: Ukufundisa esi sifundo kwiiyunivesithi, ukudala iingcali zoogqirha abakhulelweyo kwixesha elizayo.
- Ukhathalelo oluthe ngqo: Ukusebenza kwizibhedlele nakwiindawo zokuhlala abantu abadala ukuze ukhathalele abantu abadala ngokuthe ngqo.
Ngenxa yokuqhubela phambili kwesayensi yezonyango, abantu ngoku baphila ixesha elide kunangaphambili. Oko kuthetha ukuba inani labantu abadala kwilizwe lethu liyanda. Ngoko ke, akwanelanga ukubenza baphile iminyaka embalwa engaphezulu. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukudala imeko-bume apho banokuphila khona ubomi ngolonwabo, ngempilo, nangesidima. Leyo yindima ebalulekileyo edlalwa ziingcali zezifo zabantwana.
Luthini uphando olwenziweyo kwi-Gerontology?
Uphando kweli candelo lusinika ulwazi oluninzi oluxabisekileyo malunga nokwaluphala. Nazi imizekelo embalwa:
- Impilo yobuchopho: Kuqhelekile ukuba umntu alahlekelwe yinkumbulo njengoko ekhula, kodwa uphando luyaqhubeka ukuze kwahlulwe phakathi kwe-dementia nezinye iimeko kunye neendlela zokugcina ingqondo iphilile.
- Impembelelo yezifo ezingapheliyo: Ukufunda indlela izifo ezingapheliyo ezifana nesifo seswekile kunye nesifo esingapheliyo semiphunga (COPD) esichaphazela ngayo ubomi babantu abadala.
- Isondlo: Luhlobo luni lwesondlo olufunekayo emzimbeni osele ekhulile? Luhlobo luni lokutya olulungele bona?
- Iingenelo zokugonya: Kuqhutywa uphando ukuze kubonwe indlela imigonyo enikwa abantu abadala (umz., imigonyo ye-pneumonia) enokubakhusela ngayo kwizifo ezinzulu.
- Impilo Yomlomo: Ngenxa yokuba impilo yamazinyo neentsini ichaphazela impilo iyonke, ingqalelo ekhethekileyo inikwa kwimpilo yomlomo yabantu abadala.
- Ukusebenzisana nezilwanyana: Kukwaqhutywa uphando malunga nendlela ukuba nesilwanyana sasekhaya (inja, ikati) okunokunciphisa ngayo ubulolo kunye noxinzelelo kubantu abadala, ngaloo ndlela kuphucula umgangatho wobomi babo.
Kukusebenzisa ulwazi olufunyenwe kolu phando apho oogqirha, oorhulumente, kunye nabasebenzi bezentlalo basebenza ukuphucula ubomi babantu abadala bethu.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Ingcali yokukhula kwengqondo yingcali kwicandelo elibanzi elifunda zonke iinkalo zokwaluphala (ngokomzimba, ngokwengqondo, nangokwentlalo). Ayingabo bonke oogqirha.
- Xa bejonga ingxaki yempilo yomntu omdala, baqwalasela neemeko zentlalo, ezoqoqosho kunye neemeko ezichaphazela impilo yakhe.
- Ingcali yezeminyaka ngugqirha ogxile ekunyangeni abantu abadala. Nguye kuphela ingcali eyinxalenye yolu didi olubanzi lweengcali zezeminyaka.
- Njengoko inani labantu abalupheleyo kwilizwe lethu lisanda, iinkonzo ezinikezelwa ziingcali zoogqirha abakhulelweyo ziya kuba zibaluleke ngakumbi kwixesha elizayo.
- Xa unyamekela ilungu losapho elalupheleyo, cinga nje kuphela ngeengxaki zalo zomzimba, kodwa nangolonwabo lwalo, ubulolo balo, kunye nolwalamano lwalo nabanye abantu. Ukuba uneengxaki, thetha nogqirha wakho wosapho ukuze ufumane iingcebiso ezithe vetshe.
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