Khawuthelekelele ukuba ubunomkhuhlane kangangeentsuku ezininzi, uzive udiniwe kakhulu, kwaye uzive ungenabomi... Sihlala sicinga ukuba mhlawumbi lo ngumkhuhlane obangelwa yintsholongwane. Kodwa ngamanye amaxesha, emva kwezi mpawu, kunokubakho ibali elibi kakhulu elifihliweyo. Oko kukuthi, usulelo olunzima oluchaphazela intliziyo ngokwayo. Namhlanje, siza kuthetha ngemeko enzima nesongela ubomi efana ne-'Infective Endocarditis' kunye nokuba kufuneka utyando nini. Nangona esi sisihloko sinzima kancinci, ndiza kukuchazela ngendlela elula kakhulu, ukuze usiqonde.
Ngamafutshane, yintoni i-Infective Endocarditis?
Eli gama livakala liyoyikisa kancinci, akunjalo? Kodwa masiligcine lilula. Igazi lethu lihamba emizimbeni yethu ngemithambo yethu. Ngamanye amaxesha iintsholongwane ezifana neebhaktheriya okanye iifungi zinokungena kule nkqubo yegazi. Ngokwesiqhelo, inkqubo yomzimba yethu yokuzikhusela iyalwa nazo ize izitshabalalise.
Kodwa ngamanye amaxesha ezi ntsholongwane, zihamba egazini, zifikelela kwiivalvu zentliziyo, apho zinamathela khona zize zimile iingcambu, nto leyo ebangela usulelo olukhulu. Yiloo nto siyibiza ngokuba yi-"Infective Endocarditis".
Cinga ngeevalvu ezintliziyweni zethu njengeengcango. Kufuneka zivuleke kwaye zivalwe kakuhle ukuze igazi lihambe kwicala elinye kuphela. Ivalvu yentliziyo ephilileyo igudile kakhulu, ngoko ke iintsholongwane azinakumatheli kuyo lula. Kodwa ukuba ivalvu yentliziyo yomntu ibuthathaka ukususela ekuzalweni okanye yonakaliswe sisifo esithile, umphezulu wayo urhabaxa. Njengodonga oludala. Ezo ndawo zirhabaxa zinokubamba iintsholongwane egazini.
Iintsholongwane zinokungena emizimbeni yethu ngexesha leenkqubo zamazinyo eziqhelekileyo, ezinje ngokukhupha amazinyo, iinkqubo zamazinyo, kunye ne-endoscopy. Nangona oku kusenokungabi yingxaki enkulu kumntu ophilileyo, kunokuba yingozi kumntu onengxaki yevalvu yentliziyo.
Le meko iyichaphazela njani impilo yakho?
Xa intsholongwane ihleli kwivalvu yentliziyo, ayihlali nje apho. Iintsholongwane ziyahlukana, ziphindaphindeke, kwaye zenze iikoloni ezinkulu. Kwizonyango, ezi ziqwenga zeentsholongwane sizibiza ngokuba yimifuno .
Ezi `(izityalo)` zenza umsebenzi oyingozi kakhulu.
1. Ukonakala kweevalvu: Ezi bhaktheriya zikhupha iikhemikhali, ezifana nee-enzymes ezisetyenziselwa ukugaya ukutya. Ezi zinamandla kakhulu. Zinyibilika kancinci kancinci zize zitye izicubu ezithambileyo zevalvu yentliziyo. Emva koko ivalvu ayivali kakuhle, nto leyo ethetha ukuba iqala ukuvuza. Oku sikubiza ngokuba yi-valvular regurgitation.
2. Ukusilela kwentliziyo: Xa ivalvu ivuza, intliziyo kufuneka isebenze nzima kunesiqhelo ukupompa igazi emzimbeni. Kufana nokupompa amanzi kwibhakethi evuzayo. Xa usebenza phantsi kwalo mthwalo wongezelelweyo ngokuhamba kwexesha, intliziyo inokuba buthathaka kwaye ekugqibeleni ibe nokusilela kwentliziyo.
3.Amahlwili egazi ayaqhekeka aze avale: Ngamanye amaxesha, iziqwenga ezincinci zeentsholongwane ezibizwa ngokuba zii-plantations ziyaqhekeka zize zihambe emzimbeni wonke kunye negazi. Sibiza esi siqwenga siqhekekileyo ngokuba yi-embolus. Oku kufana nesiqwenga se-moss esiqhekeka emlanjeni size sintante emanzini. Ukuba esi siqwenga segazi siyaqhekeka size sibambeke emthanjeni wegazi engqondweni, sinokubangela isifo sohlangothi. Ukuba sibambeke emthanjeni emiphungeni, sinokubangela imeko eyingozi ebizwa ngokuba yi-pulmonary embolism. Kwakhona, umthambo wegazi oya kwisitho esiswini okanye engalweni okanye emlenzeni unokuvaleka, nto leyo ebangela ukuba loo ndawo ingabi nagazi (ischemia).
Uyaqonda ukuba le meko inzima kangakanani? Yiyo loo nto kubaluleke kangaka ukuqaphela oku.
Inyangwa njani? Ngaba utyando luyimfuneko?
Unyango luxhomekeke kuhlobo lwentsholongwane ebangele usulelo kunye nokuba imeko imbi kangakanani.
- Ii-antibiotics: Ukuba isifo sifunyenwe kwangethuba, kukho iimeko apho usulelo lunokunyangeka ngokupheleleyo ngokusetyenziswa nje kwee-antibiotics ezinamandla ngemithambo kangangeeveki ezininzi.
- Utyando: Nangona kunjalo, ukuba unezityalo kwivalvu yakho yentliziyo, ukuba ivalvu yonakele kakhulu, okanye ukuba unevalvu yokufakelwa eyayifakelwe ngaphambili, ii-antibiotics zodwa zisenokunganeli. Kwimeko ezinjalo, utyando lunokufuneka.
Kufuneka kwenziwe utyando ngokukhawuleza kangakanani?
Ixesha lotyando lixhomekeke ekubeni imeko yakho imbi kangakanani na. Ezinye izigulana zisenokufuna utyando kwiintsuku ezimbalwa emva kokufunyaniswa ukuba zinesifo. Olu lutyando olungxamisekileyo. Makhe sijonge le theyibhile ingezantsi ukuze sibone ukuba kufuneka nini utyando olungxamisekileyo.
| Izizathu zokuba kutheni utyando olungxamisekileyo lunokufuneka | Ingcaciso elula |
|---|---|
| Ukwakheka kwethumba elijikeleze ivalvu | Usulelo lusasazeke ukusuka kwivalvu ukuya ngaphandle, kwaye ubovu buqokelelene. Oku kuyingozi kakhulu. |
| Ubukho bezityalo ezinkulu | Kukho umngcipheko omkhulu wokuba la maqhekeza aqhekeke aze abhajwe kwiindawo ezifana nobuchopho. |
| Ukumelwa yintliziyo | Umonakalo kwivalvu uyenze buthathaka intliziyo. Ukuba utyando alwenziwanga ngokukhawuleza, lubeka ubomi esichengeni. |
| Ukuqhekeka kwevalvu ye-chordae | Iindawo ezithambileyo ezifana nomsonto ezibamba ivalvu endaweni yazo ziyakrazuka ngenxa yosulelo, nto leyo eyonyusa umngcipheko wokuvuza kwevalvu. |
| Iintsholongwane ezinzima ukunyangwa | Ezinye iintlobo zefungus okanye iibhaktheriya kunzima ukuzilawula ngee-antibiotics, ngoko ke indawo enesifo kufuneka inqunyulwe ize isuswe. |
Ngaba kukho amaxesha apho utyando lulibaziseka khona?
Ewe, ngamanye amaxesha oogqirha bagqiba ekubeni balulibazise utyando kancinci. Zimbini izizathu eziphambili zaloo nto.
1. Iingxaki ezinxulumene nobuchopho: Ukuba iqhekeza lentsholongwane liqhekekile laza lavala umthambo wegazi ebuchotsheni (ischemic stroke) okanye ukuba kukho ukopha ebuchotsheni (intracranial hemorrhage), kuyingozi ukwenza utyando olukhulu lwentliziyo ngoko nangoko. Oku kungenxa yokuba amayeza okunciphisa igazi anikwa ngexesha lotyando anokunyusa ukopha ebuchotsheni. Ke ngoko, utyando lwenziwa kuphela emva kokuba ingqondo izinze.
2. Le meko ayinzima kangako: Ukuba usulelo alunzima kwaye umngcipheko weengxaki uphantsi, ugqirha uya kuqala akunike ikhosi epheleleyo yee-antibiotics. Emva koko, usulelo luya kuphela ngokupheleleyo, kwaye ungaya kutyando unomzimba ococekileyo. Kuya kukunika nexesha elaneleyo lokucwangcisa utyando.
Oogqirha bagqiba njani ukuba ndifuna utyando?
Esi asisosigqibo esenziwe ngugqirha omnye kuphela. Iingcali zentliziyo kunye noogqirha bentliziyo bayadibana baze benze esi sigqibo ngokusekelwe kwizikhokelo zamazwe ngamazwe. Benza iimvavanyo ezininzi ngaloo nto.
- Uvavanyo lwegazi: Ukufumanisa ukuba zeziphi iibhaktheriya okanye ifungus ezibangela usulelo.
- I-Echocardiogram:Olu luvavanyo lwentliziyo. Lujonga iivalvu zentliziyo kwaye lunokubona ngqo ukuba kukho izityalo, ukuba zikhulu kangakanani, kwaye umonakalo owenziwe kwiivalvu ungakanani. Olu lwenziwa phezu kwesifuba lubizwa ngokuba yi-transthoracic echocardiogram (TTE). Ngamanye amaxesha, ukuze kujongwe kakuhle, kwenziwa i-transesophageal echocardiogram (TEE) ngomlomo.
- I-CT scan: Olu vavanyo lunceda ukubona ukuba usulelo lubangele iingxaki kwezinye iindawo zomzimba.
Kwenzeka ntoni ngexesha lotyando?
Uhlobo lotyando oluqhutywayo luxhomekeke kuhlobo lomonakalo kwivalvu yentliziyo yakho. Ugqirha angenza enye okanye ezingaphezulu kwezi zilandelayo:
- Ukucoca: Inyathelo lokuqala kukucoca ngokupheleleyo nokususa zonke izicwili ezisulelekileyo nezifileyo.
- Ukulungiswa kwevalvu: Ukuba umonakalo awunzima kakhulu, kuya kwenziwa umzamo wokulungisa ivalvu ekhoyo.
- Ukwakhiwa kwakhona kwevalvu: Ngamanye amaxesha, inxalenye yevalvu iyasuswa kwaye kuthathwe iqhekeza le-membrane ejikeleze intliziyo (i-pericardium) lize lityalwe endaweni yalo ukuze kwakhiwe kwakhona ivalvu.
- Ukutshintshwa kwevalvu: Ukuba umonakalo kwivalvu unzima kangangokuba awunakulungiswa, ivalvu isuswa ngokupheleleyo kwaye kufakelwa ivalvu yokwenziwa endaweni yayo.
Kwenzeka ntoni emva kotyando? Ngaba kukho naziphi na iingozi?
Njengalo naluphi na utyando olukhulu, olu tyando luneengozi ezithile. Kukho iingozi ezinje ngokopha, ukubetha kwentliziyo okungahambelaniyo (i-arrhythmia), amahlwili egazi, ukukhubazeka, kunye nokosuleleka kwakhona kwevalvu esandul’ ukufakwa. Kodwa ukuba ugqirha ugqibe ekubeni udinga utyando, oko kuthetha ukuba iingenelo zotyando zinkulu kakhulu kunokungabi nalo.
Emva kotyando, kuya kufuneka uhlale kwigumbi labagula kakhulu (ICU) kangangeentsuku ezimbalwa. Emva koko uya kudluliselwa kwigumbi eliqhelekileyo. Kuya kufuneka uthathe amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane ngemithambo okanye ngendlela yeepilisi kangangeeveki ezininzi ukuze uphelise ngokupheleleyo naziphi na iintsholongwane eziseleyo emzimbeni wakho. Kuya kufuneka ufumane ukuphumla okwaneleyo emva kokuba ubuyele ekhaya. Kuqhelekile ukuziva udiniwe kwaye ubuhlungu. Kungathatha iinyanga ezininzi ukuze uphile ngokupheleleyo.
Ndifanele ndimbone ugqirha nini emva kotyando?
Ufanele ukhathalele umzimba wakho ngakumbi emva kokuba ubuyele ekhaya. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela naziphi na iingxaki ngokukhawuleza. Ukuba ufumana naziphi na iimpawu ezingezantsi, kufuneka uqhagamshelane nogqirha wakho ngoko nangoko .
| Iimpawu ekufuneka uziqaphele | Oku kunokuthetha ukuthini |
|---|---|
| Umkhuhlane okanye ukubanda | Kungaba luphawu losulelo oluphindiweyo. |
| Ububomvu, ukudumba, ubushushu, okanye ubomvu obuphuma kwinxeba lotyando | Uphawu losulelo lwenxeba. |
| Intlungu yesifuba okanye ukuziva ugcwele esifubeni | Isenokuba luphawu lwemeko ebizwa ngokuba yi-pericardial effusion. |
| Ubunzima bokuphefumla, uzive ngathi intliziyo yakho ibetha ngokukhawuleza | Kusenokubakho ingxaki ethile ngokusebenza kwentliziyo. |
| Ukopha okungaqhelekanga kwinxeba okanye ukubonakala okubuhlungu kakhulu | Kusenokuba kukho ingxaki kwinkqubo yokujiya kwegazi. |
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-infective endocarditis lusulelo olubi kakhulu olubangelwa ziintsholongwane ezingena kwiivalvu zentliziyo.
- Ukuba iivalvu zonakele, izityalo ezinkulu zenzekile, okanye intliziyo iye yahluleka, utyando lunokufuneka.
- Olu tyando lunokulawula usulelo kwaye luthintele umonakalo omkhulu ebomini.
- Okukhona isifo sifunyanwa ngokukhawuleza kwaye utyando lwenziwa ngokukhawuleza, kokukhona iziphumo ziba ngcono.
- Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba uphile ubomi bakho bonke ulandele imiyalelo kagqirha wakho emva kotyando kwaye uqaphele naziphi na iimpawu zomngcipheko.
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