Esona sitho simangalisayo emzimbeni wethu yintliziyo. Sisebenza ngaphandle kokuphumla, ukususela ngomhla esizalwa ngawo. Kodwa ngamanye amaxesha, nokuba kungenxa yokuhlaselwa yintliziyo okukhulu, emva kotyando olukhulu, okanye ngenxa yesinye isifo sentliziyo esinzima, intliziyo yethu inokuba buthathaka kakhulu. Ngamaxesha anjalo, intliziyo ayikwazi ukupompa igazi elaneleyo emzimbeni. Le yimeko embi kakhulu, esongela ubomi. Ngoko ke, ngamaxesha anje, siza kuthetha ngesixhobo esikhethekileyo esisetyenziswa ngoogqirha ukunika intliziyo "ukuphumla" kancinci kwaye siyincede yenze umsebenzi wayo.
Kalula nje, yintoni le Intra-Aortic Balloon Pump (IABP)?
Nangona eli gama livakala liyinkimbinkimbi kancinci, ingcamango engasemva kwalo ilula kakhulu. I-Intra-Aortic Balloon Pump (IABP) sisixhobo eside, esibhityileyo esifana nebhaluni. Sifakwa kwi-aorta, umthambo wegazi omkhulu emzimbeni wethu, othwala igazi ukusuka entliziyweni ukuya kuwo wonke umzimba. Cinga ngayo njengebhaluni ende efana netyhubhu.
Le bhaluni ayikho nje apho. Iqhagamshelwe kumatshini okhethekileyo. Loo matshini ukrelekrele kakhulu. Uyayifutha kwaye uyikhuphe le bhaluni ukuze ihambelane nesingqi sentliziyo yethu. Le nkqubo yenza kube lula kakhulu kwintliziyo ebuthathaka ukupompa igazi. Ngokwesiqhelo, esi sixhobo sishiywa emzimbeni iintsuku ezimbalwa kuphela. Oko kukuthi, njengenkxaso yexeshana de intliziyo ibe namandla ngokwaneleyo ukuba isebenze yodwa kwakhona.
Makhe sijonge ngokusondeleyo indlela esebenza ngayo le pump yebhaluni.
Ukuze uqonde oku, kufuneka ube nombono omncinci wendlela intliziyo esebenza ngayo. Intliziyo yethu ifana nepompo eyenziwe ngamagumbi amabini.
1. Xa intliziyo ifinyela (Ukufinyela/iSystole): Xa intliziyo ifinyela, igazi elingaphakathi kuyo limpontshwa emzimbeni wonke nge-aorta.
2. Xa intliziyo iphumla (Ukuphumla/iDiastole): Xa intliziyo iphumla kwakhona, iphinda izale ligazi. Pompa umjikelo olandelayo.
Ngoku jonga indlela i-IABP enceda ngayo koku. Isebenza ngendlela eyahlukileyo kwinkqubo yentliziyo.
- Xa intliziyo ifinyela ize ikhuphe igazi, ibhaluni iyaphuma ngoko nangoko. Cinga ngayo njengokususa isiciko kumbhobho omkhulu. Emva koko intliziyo ebuthathaka ingakhupha igazi ngokulula, ngaphandle kokusebenza nzima kangako.
- Xa intliziyo ikhula ize izaliswe ligazi, ibhaluni iyavuthela ngoko nangoko. Oku kutyhala igazi libuyele kwi-aorta. Oku kuneenzuzo ezimbini. Enye kukuba igazi elininzi lihamba liye kwimithambo yentliziyo, enika igazi kwimisipha yentliziyo, kwaye intliziyo ifumana izondlo ezingcono. Enye kukuba ukujikeleza kwegazi kwamanye amalungu omzimba, ingakumbi iingalo nemilenze, kuyaphucuka.
Le nkqubo yokwandisa nokucutheka ilawulwa ngokuchanekileyo yikhompyutha ngokwesigqi sentliziyo (ECG). Ngoko ke, umsebenzi wentliziyo uncediswa kakhulu ngaphandle kokuthintelwa.
Ifuneka nini i-IABP?
Ugqirha uya kugqiba ekubeni asebenzise esi sixhobo xa intliziyo yesigulana ibuthathaka kangangokuba ayikwazi ukunika igazi elaneleyo kumalungu omzimba. Ngokwezonyango, le meko ibizwa ngokuba yi- "cardiogenic shock." Le yimeko engxamisekileyo neyinzima kakhulu.
Le theyibhile ingezantsi idwelisa izinto ezininzi ezinokubangela ukothuka kwentliziyo.
| Imeko yezonyango | Ingcaciso elula |
|---|---|
| Uhlaselo lwentliziyo oluqatha | Xa umthambo wegazi othwala igazi uye kwimisipha yentliziyo uvaleka ngokupheleleyo, nto leyo ebangela umonakalo omkhulu kwimisipha yentliziyo. |
| Ukusilela kwentliziyo okubukhali | Imeko apho intliziyo ngequbuliso ingakwazi ukupompa inani legazi elifunekayo emzimbeni. |
| I-Arrhythmias | Ukubetha kwentliziyo okungaqhelekanga. Ngamanye amaxesha intliziyo ibetha ngokukhawuleza kakhulu okanye icotha kakhulu kwaye ayipompi igazi ngokufanelekileyo. |
| I-Myocarditis | Ukudumba kwemisipha yentliziyo, okubangelwa sisizathu esifana nosulelo lwentsholongwane. Oku kunokubangela ukuba intliziyo ibe buthathaka. |
| Isifo seMitha yeCoronary | Ukuncitshiswa kwemithambo yegazi ehambisa igazi entliziyweni. Kwezinye iimeko, xa oku kuba nzima, intliziyo iba buthathaka. |
Ukongeza, le IABP isetyenziswa ukuba intliziyo ifuna inkxaso emva kotyando olukhulu lwentliziyo, okanye emva konyango olufana ne -angioplasty (Percutaneous Coronary Intervention), evula umthambo wegazi ovalekileyo.
Ngaba wonke umntu angayisebenzisa le nto?
Hayi. Esi sixhobo akufuneki sisetyenziswe ngabantu abaneengxaki ezithile zempilo kuba sinokwenza umonakalo omkhulu kunokuba sincede.
- I-Aortic Aneurysm: Ukuba udonga lwe-aorta lubuthathaka kwaye luvuthuluka njengebhaluni.
- Ukuqhaqha kwe-Aorta: Ukuba igazi livuza phakathi kweengqimba zodonga lwe-aorta kwaye likrazukile.
- Ukubuyela kwe-Aortic Regurgitation: Xa ivalvu ye-aortic entliziyweni ingavali kakuhle, nto leyo ebangela ukuba igazi livuza umva.
- Isifo Semithambo Emikhulu: Ukuba imithambo ethwala igazi emilenzeni ivalekile kakhulu, kunokuba nzima ukufaka esi sixhobo.
- I-Sepsis engalawulwayo: Ukuba kukho usulelo olunzima oluye lwasasazeka emzimbeni wonke.
Yenziwa njani inkqubo yokufaka esi sixhobo emzimbeni?
Oku kudla ngokwenziwa ngoogqirha bentliziyo kunye neqela labo, kwigumbi lonyango oluphezulu (ICU) okanye kwigumbi lotyando lesibhedlele.
Ngaphambi kwenkqubo
Ukuba isigulana sele senza utyando lwentliziyo, siya kuba phantsi kwe-anesthesia kwaye asiyi kuva nto. Ngaphandle koko, ukuba oku kwenziwa ngokwahlukeneyo, kuya kunikwa i-anesthetic yendawo ukuze ivale indawo yomlenze apho isixhobo siza kufakwa khona. Ngoko abayi kuva ntlungu.
Ngexesha lenkqubo
Ugqirha ulandela la manyathelo:
1. Okokuqala, ityhubhu encinci, engenanto ebizwa ngokuba yi-catheter ifakwa kumthambo omkhulu kwindawo yemiphunga yomlenze.
2. Okulandelayo, ngale catheter, ibhaluni ekhutshiweyo idluliselwa ngononophelo kwi-aorta.
3. Oku kwenziwa ngokusebenzisa iteknoloji ye-X-ray ukujonga eyona ngongoma, oko kukuthi, i-aorta engaphantsi kwentliziyo.
4. Xa sele ikwindawo elungileyo, inxalenye engaphandle yebhaluni iqhagamshelwe kwikhompyutha ekhethekileyo. Emva koko umatshini uqala ukulawula ibhaluni ngokwendlela ukubetha kwentliziyo.
Emva kwenkqubo
Emva kokuba isixhobo sifakiwe, isigulana kuya kufuneka sihlale sijongiwe ngokukodwa kwiyunithi yokhathalelo olunzulu.
- Logama nje isixhobo sikhona, kufuneka uhlale ebhedini. Gcina intloko yakho iphakanyisiwe kancinci.
- Umlenze one-catheter kufuneka uhlale uthe tye . Ukuba uyawugoba, i-catheter ingahambahamba.
- Ukuthintela ukuqhekeka kwegazi, isithambisi segazi esifana ne -heparin siqaliswa ukungena emthanjeni.
Zithini iingenelo kunye neengozi?
Njengalo naluphi na unyango lwezonyango, olu lunezibonelelo kunye neengozi.
Eyona nzuzo iphambili kukuba esi sisixhobo esisindisa ubomi. Kwimeko efana noxinzelelo lwentliziyo, xa intliziyo ingakwazi ukusebenza yodwa, esi sixhobo sinokuba luncedo olukhulu ekusindiseni ubomi ngokubonelela ngegazi elifunekayo kwizitho ezibalulekileyo ezifana nobuchopho kunye nezintso.
Nangona kunjalo, kukho iingozi ezithile ezinokubakho. Kuxhomekeke kwizinto ezifana nobudala besigulana kunye nempilo iyonke. Iqela lezonyango lihlala lizazi ezi ngozi.
| Umngcipheko onokwenzeka | Inkcazo |
|---|---|
| Ukopha | Ukopha kungenzeka kwindawo yokufaka i-catheter. |
| Ukulimala kwi-Artery | Kukho ithuba elincinci lokuba umthambo wegazi usenokonakala xa isixhobo sifakwe okanye sibekwe endaweni yaso. |
| Usulelo | Iintsholongwane zinokungena emzimbeni ngendawo yokufaka i-catheter. |
| Amahlwili egazi | Amahlwili egazi anokubakho ajikeleze isixhobo, yiyo loo nto kunikwa amayeza okunciphisa igazi. |
| Indawo engalunganga yeBhaluni | Ukuba iliso liyashukuma, linokuthintela ukuhamba kwegazi ukuya kwizitho ezifana nezintso. |
| Ukuqhekeka kweBhaluni | Oku kwenzeka rhoqo. Igesi yeHelium isetyenziselwa ukufutha ibhaluni. Ngenxa yokuba ayinabungozi emzimbeni, nokuba ingangena egazini ngengozi, ayizukubangela ingxaki enkulu. |
Ukubuyisela kunye nokususwa kwesixhobo
I-IABP idla ngokushiywa endaweni yayo iintsuku ezimbalwa kuphela. Xa oogqirha becinga ukuba intliziyo iphucukile kancinci, bayayimisa ipompo okwethutyana baze babone. Emva koko, ukuba intliziyo isebenza kakuhle yodwa, ugqirha ugqiba ekubeni ayisuse loo sixhobo.
Nangona kunjalo, kwezinye iimeko ezinzima, ukuba intliziyo ibuthathaka kakhulu, esi sixhobo sinokufuneka sishiywe endaweni yaso kangangeeveki njengebhulorho eya kolunye unyango, njengokufakelwa intliziyo.
Umele ufowunele ugqirha wakho nini
Ukuba wena okanye umntu osondeleyo kuwe ufumana olu hlobo lonyango aze abonakalise naziphi na iimpawu zeengxaki emva kokuba ebuyele ekhaya evela esibhedlele, kubaluleke kakhulu ukwazisa ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko.
| Iimpawu ezifuna unyango olukhawulezileyo | |
|---|---|
| Utshintsho olujikeleze indlela yokusika | Ukubomvu okugqithisileyo, ukudumba, iintlungu, okanye ubomvu obuphuma kwindawo yokufaka i-catheter. |
| Ifiva | Kusenokuba luphawu lokuba kukho usulelo emzimbeni. |
| Utshintsho lwesantya sentliziyo | Ukuziva ngathi intliziyo yakho ibetha ngokukhawuleza (ukubetha kwentliziyo). |
| Ubunzima bokuphefumla (i-Dyspnea) | Ukuba ukuphefumla kuya kuba nzima ngakumbi. |
| Ukudumba komzimba | Ukudumba kwamaqatha, izandla, okanye ubuso. |
| Ukutyeba kwakho | Ukuba ngequbuliso utyeba ngaphezu kweekhilogram ezi-2-3 kwisithuba seveki (oku kungaba luphawu lokugcinwa kwamanzi emzimbeni). |
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-Intra-Aortic Balloon Pump (IABP) sisixhobo sexesha elifutshane, esisindisa ubomi esinceda intliziyo ipompe igazi xa ibuthathaka kakhulu.
- Oku kusebenza ngokulawula isantya sentliziyo, ukunciphisa umthwalo womsebenzi entliziyweni, nokuphucula ukunikezelwa kwegazi emzimbeni nakwimisipha yentliziyo ngokwayo.
- Oku kudla ngokufakwa ngomthambo osemlenzeni, kwaye isigulana sigcinwa sijongiwe kwigumbi lonyango olunzima.
- Njengakunyango ngalunye, kukho iingozi ezithile, kodwa zilawulwa liqela lezonyango ngokujonga ngokusondeleyo isigulana.
- Ukuba kukho naziphi na iimpawu ezingaqhelekanga ezenzekayo emva kolu nyango, kubaluleke kakhulu ukwazisa ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko.
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