Ngaba uziva udiniwe kakhulu kwaye uphelelwa ngumphefumlo nokuba uhamba umgama omfutshane? Kuqhelekile ukuba ezi mpawu zenzeke xa ukusebenza kwentliziyo kubuthathaka kakhulu, oko kukuthi, xa intliziyo ingasebenzi kakuhle. Intliziyo ilahlekelwa ngamandla afunekayo ukupompa igazi emzimbeni wonke. Ngoko ke ngamaxesha anje, ngenkqubela phambili emangalisayo kwisayensi yezonyango, kukho isixhobo esikhethekileyo esinokunceda intliziyo yakho. Siza kuthetha ngaso namhlanje. Eso sisixhobo esibizwa ngokuba yi-LVAD (Left Ventricular Assist Device).
Kalula nje, yintoni le LVAD?
I-LVAD yimpompo yoomatshini efakwa ngotyando emzimbeni wezigulana ezinesifo sentliziyo esikwinqanaba lokugqibela. Ngamanye amazwi, ifana 'nomncedisi' onceda intliziyo yakho.
Intliziyo yethu ineegumbi ezine eziphambili. Elisezantsi ngasekhohlo libizwa ngokuba yiLeft Ventricle . Yiyo eyenza umsebenzi ophambili wokupompa igazi elineoksijini emzimbeni wonke. Ngoko ke, xa uhlaselwa yintliziyo, le ventricle yasekhohlo iba buthathaka. Oko kwenziwa yiLVAD kukunceda loo ventricle yasekhohlo ibuthathaka. Yiyo loo nto ibizwa ngokuba yiLeft Ventricular Assist Device.
Le mpompo inamathele kwinxalenye esezantsi yentliziyo, ithathe igazi apho, ize ilithumele ngetyhubhu iye kwi-aorta . I-aorta yeyona mthambo wegazi mkhulu emzimbeni wethu. Ukusuka apho, igazi elinomoya-mpilo omninzi lisasazwa kuwo wonke umzimba. Ngoko ke i-LVAD inceda ekwenzeni kanye lo msebenzi ubalulekileyo.
Into ebalulekileyo kukuba i-LVAD ayisiyontliziyo yokwenziwa. Ayisiyonto oyisusayo uze uyifake entliziyweni yakho. Endaweni yoko, sisixhobo esisebenza kunye nentliziyo yakho kwaye siyixhasa.
Ziziphi iindawo eziphambili ze-LVAD?
Inkqubo ye-LVAD ineenxalenye eziphambili ezininzi. Zonke ezi nxalenye zisebenza kunye ukwenza esi sixhobo simangalisayo sisebenze. Makhe sijonge ukuba zeziphi ezo nxalenye.
| Inxalenye yesixhobo | Ingcaciso elula |
|---|---|
| Impompo | Le yeyona nxalenye iphambili. Le mpompo ifakwa ngotyando ngaphakathi esifubeni kwaye yiyo ethatha igazi kwi-ventricle yasekhohlo yentliziyo ize ilipompe liye kwi-aorta. |
| Umgca wokuqhuba | Le yintambo ekhethekileyo. Iphuma kwimpompo engaphakathi emzimbeni, iphume ngesikhumba esiswini, ize iqhagamshele kwisilawuli esingaphandle. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuyinyamekela kakuhle nokuyigcina icocekile. |
| Umlawuli | Oku kufana nekhompyutha encinci. Sisixhobo esigcinwe ngaphandle komzimba. Silawula ukusebenza kwepompo, sitshintsha isantya sayo, kwaye sikhupha ii-alamu ukuba kukho ingxaki. |
| Ukunikezwa Amandla | I-LVAD ifuna umbane ukuze isebenze. Isebenzisa iibhetri ezinokutshajwa kwakhona. Ezi bhetri zinokubonelela ngombane kangangeeyure ezili-14. Xa ibhetri itshajwa iphantsi, kufuneka uyitshintshe ngeebhetri ezintsha. Ungayixhuma ngqo kwindawo yombane ekhaya. |
Ngubani ofuna le LVAD?
I-LVAD idla ngokusetyenziswa kwiimeko ezimbini eziphambili. Ugqirha wakho uza kuyihlola ngononophelo imeko yakho aze agqibe ukuba yeyiphi indlela efanelekileyo kuwe.
1. Njengebhulorho eya ekufakelweni kwentliziyo (Ibhulorho eya ekufakelweni kwentliziyo - BTT)
Ezinye izigulana zifuna ukufakelwa intliziyo. Kodwa kufuneka zilinde okwethutyana de kubekho intliziyo ehambelanayo neyabanye abantu. Ngeli xesha, imeko yesigulana inokuba mandundu. Amanye amalungu omzimba, njengezintso nesibindi, nawo angonakala.
Kwiimeko ezinjalo, i-LVAD isebenza "njengebhulorho" yokugcina isigulana siphilile kwaye somelele de kubekho intliziyo . Oku kuphucula umgangatho wobomi besigulana, kunciphisa iimpawu, kwaye kubanike amandla okwenza utyando lokufakelwa intliziyo ngempumelelo. Isixhobo se-LVAD siyasuswa ngexesha lokufakelwa intliziyo.
2. Njengendlela yokugqibela (Unyango lokuya kwindawo ethile - DT)
Ezinye izigulana azifanelekanga ukufakelwa intliziyo ngenxa yobudala okanye ezinye iingxaki zempilo. Ukuba ukusebenza kwentliziyo yazo kuhlala kuqinile nangona kukho ezinye iindlela zonyango, kuquka amayeza kunye notshintsho kwindlela yokuphila, zinokufuna inkxaso yobomi bazo bonke.Kufakelwa i-LVAD.
Oku kubizwa ngokuba yiDestination Therapy. Apha, i-LVAD ixhasa intliziyo ubomi bonke besigulana, ibavumela ukuba baphile ubomi obungcono nobusebenzayo ngakumbi.
Ungazilungiselela njani ngaphambi kotyando lwe-LVAD?
Isigqibo sokufakelwa i-LVAD asithathwa ngobusuku obunye. Iqela loogqirha liza kukuhlola kakuhle. Ngenxa yoku, kuza kwenziwa iimvavanyo ezininzi, kuquka:
- I-ECG (i-Electrocardiogram): Ukujonga ukusebenza kombane kwentliziyo.
- I-X-ray yesifuba: Ukubona imeko yentliziyo nemiphunga.
- Uvavanyo lwegazi: Ukulinganisa impilo iyonke yomzimba, ukusebenza kwezintso kunye nesibindi.
- I-Echocardiogram: Iskeni sokubona indlela amagumbi entliziyo kunye neevalvu ezisebenza ngayo kunye nendlela ezipompa ngayo igazi.
- Uvavanyo loxinzelelo lwe-metabolic: Ukubona indlela intliziyo esabela ngayo xa isenza umthambo.
- Ukufakwa kwe-catheter kwintliziyo: Ukujonga ukuvaleka kunye noxinzelelo kwimithambo yegazi yentliziyo.
Kwakhona, kukho iimeko ezithile zempilo ezenza ukuba i-LVAD implant ingafaneleki. Umzekelo:
- Izifo zokuqunjelwa kwegazi
- Ukungaphumeleli kwezintso kwinqanaba lokugqibela
- Isifo sesibindi esibi kakhulu
- Isifo esibi semiphunga
- Iintsholongwane ezingenakulawulwa ngamayeza okubulala iintsholongwane
Indlela okwenziwa ngayo utyando kunye nexesha elilandela emva koko
Ukufakelwa kwe-LVAD lutyando lwentliziyo evulekileyo. Kuthatha iiyure ezi-4 ukuya kwezi-6. Uphantsi kwe-anesthesia, oko kuthetha ukuba ulele ngokupheleleyo, kulo lonke utyando.
Emva kotyando, kuya kufuneka uhlale esibhedlele malunga neeveki ezi-2 ukuya kwezi-3. Ngeli xesha, oogqirha, abahlengikazi, kunye namaqela eengcali baya kukufundisa indlela yokuphila ngesixhobo se-LVAD.
- Indlela esisebenza ngayo isixhobo
- Indlela yokutshintsha ibhetri
- Indlela yokugcina inxeba licocekile apho i-driveline iphuma khona
- Okufanele ukwenze xa kukho imeko engxamisekileyo
Kuphela emva kokuba kuqinisekisiwe ukuba uyakwazi ukwenza zonke ezi zinto apho uya kuvunyelwa ukuba ugoduke.
Ubomi kunye ne-LVAD
Ubomi bakho buza kutshintsha kancinci emva kokuba ubuyele ekhaya, kodwa ungaphila ngempumelelo kunye nolo tshintsho.
- Ukuhlamba: Awunakuhlamba , ukudada, okanye ukuntywilisela isixhobo emanzini nge-LVAD. Nangona kunjalo, kukho izixhobo ezikhethekileyo ezinokukunceda uhlambe.
- Amayeza: Kuya kufuneka usele amayeza okunciphisa igazi ubomi bakho bonke. Oku kubaluleke kakhulu.
- Ukutya: Kubaluleke kakhulu ukulandela ukutya okunempilo.
- Umthambo:Ungathabatha inxaxheba kwiinkqubo zokuvuselela intliziyo kwaye wenze umthambo ofanelekileyo, njengoko ugqirha wakho eyalele.
- Indlela yokuphila esempilweni: Ukutshaya nokusela utywala kufuneka kuyekwe ngokupheleleyo.
Zithini iingenelo kunye neengozi ze-LVAD?
Njengalo naluphi na utyando, ukufakelwa kwe-LVAD kuneenzuzo kunye neengozi ezithile.
Iingenelo eziphambili
- Ukuncipha okukhulu kweempawu ezifana nokuphefumla okufutshane kunye nokudinwa.
- Ukuhanjiswa kwegazi okuphuculweyo kwamanye amalungu anjengezintso, isibindi, kunye nengqondo.
- Ukukwazi ukuphuma esibhedlele, ukuya ekhaya, nokuchitha ixesha nosapho lwam.
- Ukwandisa amandla okwenza umthambo nokwenza imisebenzi yemihla ngemihla.
- Lilonke, umgangatho wobomi uphucuke kakhulu .
- Ubomi babantu abaphila nesixhobo se-LVAD buyanda xa kuthelekiswa nabo bafumana unyango lweziyobisi kuphela.
Iingozi ezinokubakho
Lonke utyando lunemingcipheko. Ugqirha wakho uza kuthetha nawe ngendlela yokunciphisa le mingcipheko kunye nendlela ezikuchaphazela ngayo.
| Imeko yomngcipheko | Inkcazo |
|---|---|
| Usulelo | Iintsholongwane zinokwenzeka, ingakumbi apho i-driveline iphuma khona eluswini. Ke ngoko, kubalulekile ukugcina loo ndawo icocekile kakhulu. |
| Amahlwili egazi kunye neStroke | Kukho umngcipheko wokuba amahlwili egazi avele ngaphakathi kwesi sixhobo. Ukuba la mahlwili aya engqondweni, i-stroke inokwenzeka. Kunikwa amayeza okuthintela ukuqhekeka kwegazi ukuthintela oku. |
| Ukopha | Ngenxa yokuba usela amayeza okunciphisa igazi, nokuba yingozi encinci inokubangela ukopha kakhulu. |
| Ukusilela kwentliziyo ekunene | Xa i-LVAD inceda icala lasekhohlo lentliziyo, ngamanye amaxesha icala lasekunene lisenokungakwazi ukumelana noxinzelelo. |
| Ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwesixhobo | Ekubeni ezi zizixhobo zoomatshini, iimpazamo zinokwenzeka rhoqo. Nangona kunjalo, umlawuli ukwazisa ngezinto ezinjalo kwangaphambili. |
Ufanele uye nini kugqirha?
Wakuba une-LVAD, kubalulekile ukuba nolwalamano olusondeleyo neqela lakho lezonyango. Kuya kufuneka uhlolwe veki nganye ekuqaleni, uze emva koko uhlolwe nyanga zonke. Ukuba ufumana naziphi na kwezi mpawu zilandelayo, xelela ugqirha wakho okanye isibhedlele ngokukhawuleza .
- Ifiva.
- Ububomvu, ukudumba, okanye ubomvu obuphuma apho umgca ohambayo uphuma khona eluswini.
- Intlungu yesifuba okanye yesisu.
- Ukopha okungaqhelekanga.
- Ukudumba kwemilenze nomqolo.
- Ubunzima bokuphefumla.
- Ingxaki ngenxalenye ethile yesixhobo se-LVAD okanye isignali engaqhelekanga (i-alamu) iyakhutshwa.
Ukugqiba ukuba uza kufumana i-LVAD okanye cha sisigqibo somntu siqu nesibalulekileyo. Thetha nogqirha wakho kunye nosapho lwakho ngayo ngononophelo. Buza yonke imibuzo yakho kwaye ucime nakuphi na ukungathandabuzeki. Ngenxa yobu buchwepheshe, amawaka abantu abaneengxaki zentliziyo ezinzima ngoku baphila ubomi obungcono nobonwabisayo.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-LVAD ayisiyontliziyo yokwenziwa. Yimpompo yokuncedisa ngoomatshini enceda intliziyo yakho ipompe igazi xa intliziyo yakho ingasebenzi kakuhle.
- Oku kusetyenziswa kakhulu njenge "bhulorho" kwabo balindele ukufakelwa intliziyo okanye "njengonyango lobomi bonke" kwabo bangenakufakelwa intliziyo.
- Nangona umgangatho wobomi emva kotyando lwe-LVAD uphucuke kakhulu, kubalulekile ukulawula isixhobo ngokufanelekileyo, ukusela amayeza, kunye nokulandela indlela yokuphila enempilo.
- Ukuba ufumana naziphi na iingxaki ngesixhobo okanye imeko yakho yempilo, kubaluleke kakhulu ukwazisa iqela lakho lezonyango ngokukhawuleza.
- Esi sisigqibo esikhulu. Thetha ngokukhululekileyo nogqirha wakho ngazo zonke iingenelo kunye neengozi uze wenze isigqibo esikulungeleyo.
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