Ngaba wena okanye umntu omaziyo wakha waxelelwa ngugqirha ukuba inxalenye yomphunga wakho kufuneka isuswe ngotyando? Kuqhelekile ukuba uzive uloyiko olukhulu kunye nexhala xa usiva loo mazwi. "Basusa iqhekeza lomphunga wam? Ngaba ndiza kukwazi ukuphefumla emva koko? Ngaba oku kuyingozi?" Mhlawumbi unemibuzo emininzi efana nale engqondweni yakho. Ungakhathazeki. Namhlanje, siza kuthetha ngolu tyando, olubizwa ngokuba yi-lobectomy, ngendlela elula kakhulu onokuyiqonda.
Ngamafutshane, yintoni i-lobectomy?
Utyando lokukhupha isisu lukususwa kwecandelo, okanye "i-lobe," yomphunga wakho. Ubusazi na ukuba umphunga wethu wasekunene une-lobe ezintathu kwaye umphunga wethu wasekhohlo une-lobe ezimbini? Olu tyando lususa kuphela i-lobe enesifo, lushiya i-lobe ephilileyo iphelele.
Olu tyando ludla ngokwenziwa njengonyango lomhlaza wemiphunga okwinqanaba lokuqala. Lunyango olusebenzayo kakhulu, ingakumbi kumhlaza wemiphunga ongengoweeseli ezincinci . Ngamanye amaxesha, ugqirha unokugqiba ekubeni asuse inxalenye yecandelo kuphela. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-segmentectomy .
| Izizathu eziphambili zokwenza i-lobectomy | |
|---|---|
| Iimeko zomhlaza | Ukususa umhlaza wemiphunga (ingakumbi kwinqanaba lokuqala), iithumba ze-lung carcinoid, kunye neethumba ezisasazeke emiphungeni ezivela kwezinye iindawo zomzimba. |
| Usulelo kunye nomonakalo | Ukubuyisela umonakalo ongenakulungiseka kwimiphunga obangelwa zizinto ezifana nosulelo olunzima (umz. isifo sephepha) okanye unyango lwemitha. |
| Iingxaki ukususela ekuzalweni | Ukulungisa iziphene ezithile ezenzeka ngexesha lokwakheka kwemiphunga ekuzalweni. |
| Ukopha | Ukuba kukho ukopha okungalawulekiyo ngenxa yomonakalo emiphungeni, loo nxalenye ingadinga ukususwa. |
Ziziphi iindlela zotyando?
Ngaphambili, olu hlobo lotyando lwalusenziwa ngokusika isifuba esikhulu nokususa iimbambo. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-thoracotomy . Kodwa ngoku, ngenxa yokuqhubela phambili kwezobuchwepheshe, uninzi lotyando lwenziwa ngeendlela ezingaphantsi kakhulu . Ngamafutshane, olu tyando lwenziwa ngemingxunya embalwa emincinci, ngaphandle kokusika iimbambo ezinkulu.
- I-VATS (Utyando lweThoracoscopic oluncediswa yiVidiyo): Oku kuquka ukwenza imingxunya emininzi emincinci ecaleni kwesifuba, ukufaka ikhamera encinci kwenye, nokufaka izixhobo zotyando ngezinye imingxunya. Ugqirha wenza utyando ngelixa ejonga ingaphakathi lemiphunga kwiscreen esikhulu. Le ndlela ayifuni ukwaphuka okanye ukuhambisa iimbambo.
- Iirats (Robot-Assisted Thoracoscopic Surgery): Oku kufana kakhulu neVATS. Nangona kunjalo, apha ugqirha ulawula izixhobo ngokusebenzisa inkqubo yeengalo zerobhothi. Oku kuvumela ukuba utyando lwenziwe ngobuchule nangokuchanekileyo.
Ezi ndlela zintsha zibangela ukuba iintlungu emva kotyando zingabi ninzi, zikhawuleze ziphile, kwaye zihlale ixesha elifutshane esibhedlele.
Silungiselela njani olu tyando?
Ekubeni olu lutyando olukhulu, kuza kwenziwa uvavanyo oluninzi kwangaphambili ukuze kubonwe ukuba umzimba wakho ukulungele kangakanani na. Musa ukoyika emva kokuzibona ezi zinto. Konke oku kungenxa yokhuseleko lwakho.
| Uvavanyo olwenziwayo | Ubona ntoni kuloo nto? |
|---|---|
| Uvavanyo lomzimba | Ugqirha uza kuyiqonda ngokupheleleyo imeko yakho yempilo ngokubanzi. |
| Iiskeni zeMifanekiso | Ii-X-reyi zesifuba, ii-CT scans, kunye nee-PET scans zisetyenziselwa ukufumanisa indawo echanekileyo kunye nobungakanani bengxaki yemiphunga. |
| Uvavanyo lweMisebenzi yePulmonary | Baza kulinganisa ukuba imiphunga yakho isebenza kakuhle kangakanani na nokuba uza kukwazi na ukuphefumla ngokuqhelekileyo ngenxalenye eseleyo emva kotyando. |
| Uvavanyo lweNtliziyo | Uvavanyo olufana ne-ECG (electrocardiogram) kunye ne-echocardiogram luya kwenziwa ukuqinisekisa ukuba intliziyo yakho ingakwazi ukumelana notyando olukhulu olunjalo. |
| I-Biopsy | Ngamanye amaxesha, ngaphambi kotyando, kuthathwa isampuli encinci yethumba lemiphunga okanye ii-lymph nodes ezikufutshane ukuze kuvavanywe ukuba ingaba inomhlaza okanye akunjalo. |
Ukongeza kwezi mvavanyo, uza kubonana nogqirha wentliziyo kunye nogqirha we-anesthesiologist. Ugqirha we-anesthesiologist uza kuchaza i-anesthesia oza kuyinikwa ngexesha lotyando kunye nendlela yokulawula iintlungu emva kotyando.
Okubaluleke kakhulu: Ukuba ungumntu otshayayo, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuyeka ngokukhawuleza ngaphambi kotyando. Ukuyeka ukutshaya kunciphisa kakhulu umngcipheko weengxaki emva kotyando.
Ugqirha uza kukuxelela kanye ukuba kufuneka uyeke nini ukutya nokusela ngobusuku obungaphambi kotyando.
Kwenzeka ntoni ngokwenene ngexesha lotyando?
Akufuneki ukhathazeke ngale nto konke konke. Uza kunikwa i-anesthesia ngaphambi kokuba utyando luqale, ngoko uza kube ulele ngokupheleleyo. Awuyi kuva ntlungu.
1. Ityhubhu ifakwa emqaleni wakho ize iqhagamshelwe kumatshini (i-ventilator) ukukunceda uphefumle.
2. Ityhubhu ye-IV iya kufakwa kumthambo osengalweni yakho kwaye amayeza afunekayo aya kunikwa ngayo.
3. Emva koko ugqirha otyandayo uqala utyando ngokwenza iziqwenga esifubeni esebenzisa indlela ye-VATS, RATS, okanye i-Thoracotomy ekuthethwe ngayo ngaphambili.
4. Imithambo yegazi kunye namasebe e-bronchial akhokelela kwicandelo lemiphunga elichaphazelekayo ahlulwe ngononophelo kwaye icandelo lisuswe ngokupheleleyo. Nangona kunjalo, imithambo yegazi kunye namasebe e-bronchial akhokelela kwezinye iindawo eziphilileyo azonakalanga.
5. Inxalenye esusiweyo ifakwa kwingxowa ekhethekileyo ize ikhutshwe emzimbeni.
6. Ukuba ngumhlaza, ezinye zezicwili eziphilileyo ezikujikelezileyo ziya kususwa. Ezinye ii-lymph nodes esifubeni nazo ziya kususwa zithunyelwe kuvavanyo ukuze kubonwe ukuba umhlaza usasazekile na.
7. Emva kokuba yonke into igqityiwe, jonga ngononophelo ukuba akukho ndawo zophayo kwaye uhlambe kakuhle kwaye ucoce ingaphakathi lesifuba.
8. Ekugqibeleni, amanxeba avalwa ngezititshi okanye ngeestaple.
Lonke utyando ludla ngokuthatha malunga neeyure ezimbini, kodwa oku kunokwahluka ngokuxhomekeke kubunzima botyando.
Kwenzeka ntoni emva kotyando? Unganyanyekelwa njani esibhedlele
Emva kotyando, uza kuvuswa usiwe kwigumbi lokuchacha, apho uza kunikwa amayeza okulawula iintlungu zakho.
- Wakuba uphilile ngokupheleleyo engqondweni, umbhobho wokuphefumla uyasuswa. Uninzi lwabantu alukhumbuli nokukhumbula oku.
- Emva koko uza kudluliselwa kwigumbi eliqhelekileyo okanye ngamanye amaxesha kwiyunithi yokhathalelo oluphezulu (ICU).
- Uza kufakwa ityhubhu enye okanye ezimbini (iidrain zesifuba) esifubeni sakho. Ezi zikhupha ulwelo olungaphezulu kunye nomoya oqokelelana emiphungeni yakho. Ziza kususwa kwiintsuku ezimbalwa.
- Ukukhwehlela nokuphefumla: Abahlengikazi baya kukukhuthaza ukuba ukhohlele rhoqo kwaye uphefumle nzulu. Nangona oku kunokuba buhlungu kancinci, kubalulekile ukugcina imiphunga yakho ivulekile kwaye uthintele usulelo.
- Ukuze uthintele ukuqhekeka kwegazi emilenzeni yakho ngelixa usebhedini, ungathatha amayeza okunciphisa igazi kwaye unxibe izixhobo ezikhethekileyo zokucinezela emilenzeni yakho.
- Ukususela ngosuku olulandela utyando, kwafuneka ndiqale ukuhamba kancinci kancinci ndincediswa ngabahlengikazi.
Masikwazise nangeenzuzo kunye neengozi.
Njengakwezinye iindlela zotyando, kukho iingenelo kunye neengozi ezithile.
Inzuzo ephambili:
Kumhlaza wemiphunga okwinqanaba lokuqala, olu tyando lelona thuba lilungileyo lokuphiliswa ngokupheleleyo .
Iingozi ezinokwenzeka (Iingxaki):
Ezi zinto azenzeki kuwo wonke umntu, kodwa kubalulekile ukuba uzazi.
- I-Atrial fibrillation - Le yeyona ngxaki ixhaphakileyo.
- Ukopha kakhulu.
- Ukuvuza komoya okuvela emiphungeni okuhlala iintsuku eziliqela.
- Amahlwili egazi emilenzeni.
- Usulelo lwesifuba.
- Iingxaki ze-neurological (umz., utshintsho lwelizwi).
- Ubunzima bokuphefumla ngexesha lokuzilolonga.
Eyona ndlela ilungileyo yokunciphisa ezi ngozi kukukhetha isibhedlele esinoogqirha abanamava abenza olu hlobo lotyando rhoqo. Ukuba unenkxalabo malunga nezi ngozi, thetha nogqirha wakho ngazo ngokucacileyo ngaphambi kotyando.
Indlela yokubuyisela impilo yakho ngokukhawuleza emva kokubuyela ekhaya?
Ukuba ukhe watyandwa usebenzisa indlela yanamhlanje efana neVATS okanye iiRATS, uya kukwazi ukuya ekhaya usuka esibhedlele kwiintsuku ezimbini ukuya kwezintathu . Intlungu incinci, ngoko ke ixesha lokuchacha likhawuleza. Ngokwesiqhelo ungabuyela emsebenzini olula, njengokusebenza eofisini, emva kweeveki ezimbini. Ukuba unomsebenzi ofuna ukuphakamisa izinto ezinzima, kuya kufuneka uphumle ubuncinane iiveki ezine.
Ukuba ubunotyando oluvulekileyo (thoracotomy), kuya kufuneka uhlale esibhedlele iintsuku ezintathu ukuya kwezine , kwaye kuya kuthatha ixesha elide ukuba uphile.
Emva kokubuyela ekhaya:
- Uza kunikwa amayeza okudambisa iintlungu anamandla kangangeveki.
- Bekuya kuba kuhle ukuba bekukho umntu oza kumnceda ekuqaleni.
- Abanye abantu banokufuna unyango lweoksijini ekhaya okwethutyana.
- Kuphephe ukuqhuba imoto ude uthathe amayeza okudambisa iintlungu.
- Uza kuba nedibano yokulandelelana nogqirha wakho kwisithuba seeveki ezi-1-3 emva kotyando. Angaxoxa ngeziphumo zovavanyo lwakho, ahlole amanxeba akho, aze akunike iingcebiso zendlela yokuqhubeka.
Kufuneka uthethe nini nogqirha?
Ukuba uneempawu zosulelo, ezinje ngomkhuhlane, ukubanda, kunye nokudinwa kakhulu, fowunela ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko.
Eminye imibuzo embalwa onokuba nayo engqondweni:
Ingaba olu lutyando olukhulu?
Ewe , i-lobectomy lutyando olukhulu kuba imiphunga inemithambo yegazi ebuthathaka kakhulu nekhulu. Ngoko ke kukho umngcipheko othile.
Ingakanani ixesha lokuphila emva kotyando?
Oku kuxhomekeke ngokupheleleyo kwinqanaba lomhlaza. Oku kunokuchongwa kwingxelo yesifo emva kotyando. Kwiimeko ezininzi, ukuba sisusiwe kwasekuqaleni, unyango olupheleleyo lunokufezekiswa.
Ngaba umhlaza ungabuya?
Kukho ithuba. Yiyo loo nto ujongwa nge-CT scans rhoqo emva kweenyanga ezintandathu kangangeminyaka emihlanu emva kotyando. Ukuba umhlaza awubuyi emva kweminyaka emihlanu, uthathwa njengophile ngokupheleleyo.
Ungaziva ngathi ukhe wagxothwa okanye utyholwa luluntu ngokuba nomhlaza obangelwa kukutshaya. Kuqhelekile ukuba neemvakalelo ezinjalo, kodwa ungacingi ngazo. Kufuneka usebenzise onke amandla akho ukuba uphile ngokukhawuleza.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-Lobectomy kukususwa kwenxalenye (i-lobe) yomphunga. Olu lunyango olusebenzayo kakhulu kumhlaza wemiphunga.
- Iindlela zanamhlanje ezifana neVATS kunye neeRATS ngoku zibangela ukuba iintlungu zingabi ninzi emva kotyando kwaye zikhawuleze ziphile.
- Izinto ezifana nokuyeka ukutshaya ngaphambi kotyando zinokunciphisa kakhulu umngcipheko weengxaki.
- Olu lutyando olukhulu, ngoko ke zinike ixesha lokuchacha ngokupheleleyo. Ungathandabuzi ukucela uncedo kusapho nakubahlobo.
- Ukuba unemibuzo okanye iinkxalabo malunga noku, qiniseka ukuba uxoxa ngayo ngokukhululekileyo nogqirha wakho. Ukwazi okusengqondweni yakho kuya kubanceda bacwangcise unyango lwakho.
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