Ngaba nawe uneentlungu zendlebe rhoqo? Ngaba ugqirha ukuxelele ukuba kufuneka wenze utyando kwithambo elingasemva kwendlebe yakho? Xa usiva igama elithi 'Mastoidectomy', usenokuziva usoyika kwaye uthandabuza. Kuqhelekile kakhulu. Kodwa ungoyiki nto. Namhlanje, siza kuthetha ngolu tyando, isizathu sokuba lwenziwe, indlela oluqhutywa ngayo, kunye nokuba kwenzeka ntoni emva kwalo, ngendlela elula kakhulu onokuyiqonda.
Ngamafutshane, yintoni iMastoidectomy?
Kulungile, masiqale sijonge ukuba yintoni le Mastoid. Kukho ithambo emva kwendlebe yakho, ecaleni kwentloko yakho, elo lithambo leMastoid . Lizaliswe ziiseli zomoya ezincinci, njengehoneycomb, okanye isiponji.
Ngoko ke, ukuba ngesizathu esithile la magumbi omoya asuleleka ziintsholongwane, okanye ukuba agula, kufuneka asuswe ngotyando. Utyando lokususa loo magumbi omoya agulayo e-mastoid lubizwa ngokuba yi-mastoidectomy .
Kutheni kufuneka senze iMastoidectomy?
Kukho izizathu ezininzi eziphambili zokwenza olu tyando. Awulwenzi olu hlobo lotyando ngenxa yengxaki encinci yendlebe.
- Ukusasazeka kwezifo zendlebe (Otitis Media): Ngamanye amaxesha, ukuba izifo zendlebe ephakathi azinyangwa kakuhle, isifo sinokusasazeka siye kwithambo le-mastoid. Olu tyando ke luyimfuneko ukuze kususwe iindawo ezinezifo.
- I-Cholesteatoma: Le yimeko ekhethekileyo. Ngamafutshane, kukukhula kweeseli zesikhumba okungekho mhlaza okwenziwa ngasemva kwe-eardrum. Nangona kungengomhlaza, njengoko ikhula, iqala ukutshabalalisa ithambo elithambileyo elijikelezileyo (ithambo elincinci eliqhuba isandi ngaphakathi kwendlebe) kunye nethambo le-mastoid. Ukuze uyisuse, kuya kufuneka wenze i-mastoidectomy.
- Ngexesha lotyando lokufakelwa kwe-cochlear: Abanye abantu banokufuna ukususwa kwe-mastoidectomy njengenxalenye yotyando xa befumana i-cochlear implant, isixhobo esifakwe ngaphakathi endlebeni njengesincedisi sokuva.
- Ukulungiswa kwe-Eardrum (Tympanoplasty): Ukuba umntu une-eardrum eneembobo kwaye utyando lokuyilungisa (Tympanoplasty), kodwa unengxaki nethambo le-mastoid, zombini ezi nkqubo zotyando zinokwenziwa kunye.
Lubaluleke kangakanani olu tyando? Ziziphi iintlobo zotyando?
Akukho hlobo lunye lotyando lwe-mastoidectomy. Ugqirha wakho uya kugqiba ukuba loluphi uhlobo lotyando olufunekayo ngokusekwe kuhlobo lwemeko yakho kunye nokuba isasazeke kangakanani. Makhe sijonge iintlobo eziphambili.
| Uhlobo lotyando | Kalula nje... |
|---|---|
| I-Mastoidectomy elula | Olu lolona hlobo lulula. Lususa kuphela iingxowa zomoya ezinesifo kwithambo le-mastoid. Aluyonakalisi i-ear canal yakho okanye amathambo athambileyo kwindlebe yakho ephakathi (ii-ossicles). |
| Utyando lweMastoid oluseludongeni lomjelo | Oku kuquka ukususa ithambo elingaphezulu kancinci kunotyando olulula. Oku kungenxa yokuba ugqirha kufuneka afikelele kwindlebe ephakathi emva kwegum lendlebe aze asuse naziphi na iingxaki ezilapho (umz., i-cholesteatoma). Nangona kunjalo, le nkqubo ayonakalisi umjelo wendlebe. |
| Utyando lweMastoidectomy oluvela eludongeni lomjelo | Olu lolona tyando lunzima kakhulu. Lwenziwa xa isifo sisasazeke kangangokuba umjelo wendlebe wonakele kwaye awunakulungiswa. Apha, umjelo wendlebe kunye nethambo le-mastoid ziyadibaniswa ukuze zenze umngxuma omkhulu (umngxuma we-mastoid/isitya). Ukuvulwa kwendlebe kwenziwa kube kukhulu kancinci ukuze kube lula ukucoca lo mngxuma kwixesha elizayo. Oku kukwabizwa ngokuba yi-Radical Mastoidectomy . |
Ugqirha wakho uza kukuchazela ngqo ukuba loluphi uhlobo lotyando ekufuneka ulwenze, ngoko ke ungoyiki.
Kwenzeka ntoni ngaphambi nangexesha lotyando?
Ngaphambi kotyando
Ngaphambi kotyando, ugqirha uza kukunika imiyalelo ethile. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuyilandela ngokuchanekileyo.
- Usenokucelwa ukuba uyeke okwethutyana ukusebenzisa amayeza athile (ingakumbi lawo anciphisa ukujiya kwegazi).
- Ekubeni utyando lwenziwa phantsi kwe-anesthesia eqhelekileyo, uza kucelwa ukuba uzile ukutya (ungatyi okanye usele nantoni na) kangangeeyure ezimbalwa ngaphambi kotyando.
- Ekubeni ungayi kukwazi ukuziqhubela ekhaya emva kotyando, lungiselela kwangaphambili ukuba umntu omthembileyo akuqhubele ekhaya.
Ngexesha lotyando
Awuyi kuva nto ngexesha lotyando, kuba uza kube ulele. Ngokwesiqhelo, ezi zinto zenzeka:
1. Okokuqala, uza kuphelelwa ngamandla ngokupheleleyo.
2. Ugqirha uza kwenza umngxuma omncinci eluswini olungasemva kwendlebe yakho ukuze lufikelele kwithambo le-mastoid. (Ungakhathazeki, ugqirha uza kwenza oku ukuze isilonda singabonakali kamva.)
3. Ithambo le-mastoid livulwa kusetyenziswa izixhobo ezikhethekileyo.
4. Susa ngononophelo zonke iigumbi zomoya ezinezifo nezisulelekileyo ngaphakathi.
5. Ekugqibeleni, i-incision ivalwa ngezititshi kwaye igqunywe nge-gauze dressing.
Olu tyando lonke ludla ngokuthatha malunga neeyure ezimbini okanye ezintathu .
Ngaba kukho iintlungu emva kotyando?
Akukho ntlungu ngexesha lotyando. Nangona kunjalo, emva kotyando, njengoko i-anesthesia iphela kwaye uvuka, ungaziva iintlungu ezincinci kwindawo yokusikwa, ubunzima, okanye ukugcwala endlebeni yakho. Oku kuqhelekile.
Ugqirha wakho uza kukunika amayeza okuphelisa iintlungu ukunceda ukulawula le ntlungu. Amayeza okuphelisa iintlungu athengiswa ngaphandle kwemvume kagqirha afana neParacetamol okanye i-Ibuprofen nawo anokunceda. Ugqirha wakho uza kukunika iingcebiso zokukunceda uhlale ukhululekile ngexesha lokuchacha kwakho.
Ziziphi iingenelo kunye neengozi ezinokubakho zolu tyando?
Njengayo nayiphi na into, olu tyando luneengenelo kunye neengozi ezincinci kakhulu.
Iingenelo zotyando
Eyona nzuzo inkulu yoku kukuba inokunyanga usulelo lwendlebe obelukukhathaza ixesha elide. Ingathintela neengxaki ezinkulu ezinokuvela kwiimeko ezifana ne-cholesteatoma ukuba ayinyangwanga. Ezi ngxaki ziquka:
- Ukulahlekelwa kukuva
- I-Vertigo kunye neSiyezi
- Umonakalo wemithambo-luvo yobuso
- Usulelo lwendlebe yangaphakathi (iLabyrinthitis)
- I-Meningitis
- Ithumba lobuchopho
Iingozi ezinokwenzeka (Iingxaki)
Njengakwezinye iintlobo zotyando, kukho iingozi ezithile ezinokwenzeka rhoqo.
| Umngcipheko/Ingxaki | Oko ikukuthi... |
|---|---|
| Ukulahlekelwa kukuva nge-sensorineural | Ukulahlekelwa kukuva ngenxa yomonakalo kwimithambo-luvo engaphakathi kwendlebe. |
| Ukulimala kwemithambo-luvo yobuso | Ukonakala komthambo olawula izihlunu zobuso kunokubangela ubuthathaka okanye ukukhubazeka kwelinye icala lobuso. Le yimeko engaqhelekanga kakhulu. |
| Utshintsho kwincasa (iDysgeusia) | Utshintsho kwindlela oluvakala ngayo ulwimi lwakho. Ixesha elininzi, oku kwenzeka okwexeshana kwaye kuyaphela emva kweenyanga ezimbalwa. |
| I-tinnitus | Isandi esihlala sinkenteza ezindlebeni. |
Kuthatha ixesha elingakanani ukuphiliswa?
Kungakuthatha malunga neeveki ezi-6 ukuya kwezili-12 ukuba uphile ngokupheleleyo. Kodwa ungakhathazeki, uya kukwazi ukubuyela kwimisebenzi yakho yesiqhelo (esikolweni, emsebenzini) malunga neveki enye okanye ezimbini . Nangona kunjalo, ngeli xesha, kufuneka ulandele imiyalelo kagqirha ngokungqongqo (njengokungazilolongi, ukungaphakamisi iintsimbi, ukungavumeli amanzi angene ezindlebeni zakho).
Ngawaphi amaxesha ekufuneka uthethe nogqirha emva kotyando?
Oku kubaluleke kakhulu. Ukuba ufumana naziphi na kwezi mpawu zilandelayo emva kokuba ubuyele ekhaya emva kotyando, kufuneka ufowunele ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko .
- Ukuba unomkhuhlane we-100.5 Fahrenheit (38.05 Celsius) okanye ngaphezulu .
- Ukuba kukho ukopha okukhulu okanye ulwelo oluphuma endlebeni.
- Ukuba ubona ubuthathaka bobuso (umz., elinye icala lomlomo wakho liyawa xa uncuma).
- Ukuba unesizungu okanye i-vertigo enzima .
- Ukuba ukuva kwakho kwehla ngequbuliso .
Ukuba uneengxaki zendlebe ezihlala zikhona okanye ezinye iingxaki, i-mastoidectomy inokuba lolona khetho lufanelekileyo kuwe. Thetha nogqirha wakho ngale nto. Olu tyando lunokuphelisa usulelo kwaye luphucule impilo yakho iyonke kunye nomgangatho wobomi.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-Mastoidectomy lutyando olukhuselekileyo olususa iindawo ezigulayo zethambo le-mastoid elingasemva kwendlebe.
- Oku kwenzelwa ukunyanga iimeko ezifana nosulelo lwendlebe oluphindaphindayo kunye ne-cholesteatoma kunye nokuthintela iingxaki ezinkulu ezinokwenzeka kwixesha elizayo.
- Uhlobo lotyando (olulula, oluphezulu ngodonga lomjelo, oluphantsi ngodonga lomjelo) luya kwahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwimeko yakho yempilo.
- Intlungu emva kotyando ingalawulwa lula ngeepilisi zokuthomalalisa iintlungu eziqhelekileyo.
- Kubaluleke kakhulu ukulandela imiyalelo kagqirha wakho kanye ngexesha lokuchacha kwakho. Ukuba ubonakalisa iimpawu ezifana nomkhuhlane, ukopha kakhulu, okanye ubuthathaka bobuso, tsalela umnxeba ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko.
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