Xa ugqirha wakho ekuxelela okanye umntu omaziyo ukuba unomhlaza, mhlawumbi uthetha ngonyango lwemitha, akunjalo? Abantu abaninzi bacinga ngonyango lwemitha njengomatshini omkhulu odubula imitha emzimbeni. Leyo yindlela enye kuphela. Nangona kunjalo, kukho indlela ekhethekileyo eya ngqo kwithumba lomhlaza kwaye ngamanye amaxesha ifaka into enemitha ngaphakathi kuyo. Kufana nokuya kuhlasela utshaba apho lukhoyo. Namhlanje sithetha ngeBrachytherapy, unyango abantu abaninzi abangazange beve ngalo, kodwa lunyango olusebenzayo kakhulu.
Yintoni iBrachytherapy ngokulula?
Ngamafutshane, iBrachytherapy luhlobo lonyango lwangaphakathi lwemitha . Lubandakanya ukubeka imbewu encinci, iipellets, okanye iikhaphu ezinezinto ezinemitha ngaphakathi okanye kufutshane kakhulu nethumba. Ezi zifakelo zikhupha imitha ixesha elifutshane, zibulale iiseli zomhlaza.
Khawucinge nje ukuba kukho indawo enye yothuli kwigumbi. Ingaba ingasebenza njani ukuba ungaya kwindawo apho kukho uthuli khona uze ulutshize endaweni yokutshiza igumbi lonke? Yile ndlela olu nyango olusebenza ngayo. Ngenxa yokuba imitha ijoliswe kumhlaza, inokunika idosi enamandla yemitha eyaneleyo yokubulala iiseli zomhlaza. Kwakhona, umonakalo kwiiseli eziphilileyo ezijikeleze umhlaza mncinane kakhulu .
Ngamanye amaxesha ungenza i-brachytherapy yodwa. Okanye, ingadityaniswa nezinye iindlela zonyango lomhlaza, ezifana ne-external beam radiation therapy (EBRT) okanye utyando. Oku kuya kugqitywa ngugqirha wakho, kuxhomekeke kuhlobo lomhlaza onalo.
Ziziphi iintlobo eziphambili zolu nyango?
Ezi zinto zine-radioactive (implants) ezifakwa emzimbeni ngexesha lonyango lwe-brachytherapy zinokwahlulwa zibe ziintlobo ezimbini eziphambili. Oko kukuthi, ezo zifakwa okwethutyana zize zisuswe, kunye nezo zihlala zisemzimbeni. Makhe sibone ukuba zeziphi ezi.
| Uhlobo lonyango | Indlela esebenza ngayo kunye nenkcazo |
|---|---|
| 1. Izinto ezifakelweyo zexeshana | |
| Izinga leDosi eliphantsi (LDR) | Ngale ndlela, izinto ezine-radioactive ezisebenzisa idosi ephantsi zishiywa emzimbeni kangangeentsuku ezimalunga ne-1 ukuya kwezisixhenxe, emva koko ugqirha uyazisusa. Ngeli xesha, kuya kufuneka uhlale esibhedlele. |
| Izinga leDosi ephezulu (HDR) | Okwenzekayo apha kukuba idosi ephezulu kakhulu yemitha inikwa ixesha elifutshane, njengemizuzu eli-10-20. Emva kweseshoni enye, izinto ziyasuswa. Iiseshoni ezininzi ezinje kufuneka zenziwe. Mhlawumbi kabini ngemini kangangeentsuku ezintlanu, okanye kanye ngeveki kangangeeveki ezintlanu. |
| 2. Izinto Ezifakelweyo Ezisisigxina | |
| Ukufakelwa kwembewu | Ngale ndlela, imbewu ene-radioactive, encinci kunekhozo lerayisi, ifakwa emzimbeni ngokusisigxina. Ezi zikhupha i-radiation kancinci kancinci kangangeeveki okanye iinyanga. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, i-radioactivity yazo iyanyamalala ngokupheleleyo kwaye ayisebenzi. Nangona kunjalo, imbewu encinci ihlala emzimbeni kwaye ayibangeli monakalo. |
Ziziphi iintlobo zomhlaza ezinyangwa nge-brachytherapy?
I-Brachytherapy yeyona ndlela isebenzayo kwimihlaza ekwindawo ethile engasasazekanga kwezinye iindawo zomzimba . Oku kuthetha ukuba umhlaza ukwindawo efanayo apho waqala khona. Nazi ezinye zezona ntlobo zixhaphakileyo zomhlaza apho olu nyango lusetyenziselwa khona:
- Umhlaza weprostate
- Umhlaza wezifo zabasetyhini - umzekelo, umhlaza wesibeleko, umhlaza wesibeleko, okanye umhlaza wangasese
- Umhlaza webele
- Umhlaza wamehlo
- Umhlaza wentloko nentamo
Ndingazilungiselela njani ngaphambi kolu nyango?
Ngaphambi kokuba ufumane olu nyango, ugqirha wakho uza kukuxilonga kakuhle. Uza kuxoxa ngembali yakho epheleleyo yezonyango. Uza kuyalela novavanyo lwegazi kunye neenkqubo zokuthatha imifanekiso, ezifana ne-CT scan, ukuze acwangcise unyango lwakho.
Ukongeza, ugqirha wakho uza kukunika imiyalelo ekhethekileyo ekufuneka uyilandele kwiintsuku ezimbalwa ngaphambi konyango lwakho. Eminye yale miyalelo ibandakanya:
- Amanye amayeza achaphazela ukujiya kwegazi, umzekelo amayeza okuthintela ukujiya kwegazi okanye amayeza okudambisa iintlungu (NSAIDs), anokuyekiswa okwethutyana.
- Usenokucelwa ukuba usebenzise i-enema ukucoca amathumbu akho ngaphambi kokuba unyango luqale.
- Uza kucelwa ukuba uzile ukutya iiyure ezininzi ngaphambi kokuba unyango luqale.
- Ukuba usebenzisa iimveliso zecuba, uya kucetyiswa ukuba uyeke.
Konke oku kwenzelwa ukwenza unyango lube lukhuselekile kwaye luphumelele kangangoko. Ngoko ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukulandela imiyalelo kagqirha ngokuchanekileyo.
Kwenzeka ntoni ngokwenene ngexesha lonyango?
Indlela yonyango iya kwahluka ngokuxhomekeke kuhlobo lomhlaza onawo, indawo okuyo, kunye nohlobo lwe-brachytherapy oyifumanayo (i-LDR, i-HDR, okanye i-permanent). Yahlulwe ngeendlela ezimbini eziphambili ngokusekelwe apho izinto ezisebenzisa i-radioactive zibekwe khona:
1. I-Interstitial Brachytherapy: Kulapho izinto ezine-radioactive zifakwa khona ngqo kwi -tumor. Le ndlela isetyenziselwa ukunyanga umhlaza we-prostate, eminye imihlaza ye-gynecological, kunye nomhlaza wezicubu ezithambileyo (ii-sarcomas).
2. I-Intracavity Brachytherapy: Oku kuquka ukubeka izinto ezinemisebe emzimbeni kufutshane kakhulu nethumba. Le ndlela idla ngokusetyenziswa kwimihlaza yabasetyhini efana nomlomo wesibeleko kunye nesibeleko.
Ngaphambi kokuba unyango luqale, uza kunikwa i-anesthesia ukuze uthomalalise iintlungu zakho. Wakuba ukhululekile, ugqirha we-radiation oncologist uza kulandela la manyathelo:
- Ukufakwa kwe-catheter okanye i-applicator: Kufakwa ityhubhu encinci (i-catheter) okanye isixhobo esikhethekileyo (i-applicator) emzimbeni ukuze kuhanjiswe izinto ezine-radioactive kwi-tumor. Iindlela zokujonga imifanekiso, ezifana neeskeni, zisetyenziselwa ukubona ukuba oku kunjalo na.
- Unyango ngemisebe: Emva koko unyango ngemisebe luthunyelwa ngetyhubhu ngaphakathi okanye kufutshane nethumba. Imisebe ekhutshwa zezi zinto iqala ukutshabalalisa iiseli zomhlaza.
- Ukususwa kwezinto ezisebenzisa imisebe (iindlela zexeshana kuphela): Ukuba usebenzisa unyango lwemitha olusebenzisa imitha ephezulu (HDR), izinto ziyasuswa emva kweseshoni enye. Kwi-radiation therapy esebenzisa imitha ephantsi (LDR), ziyasuswa emva kweentsuku ezimbalwa.
Ekupheleni konyango, uza kunikwa amayeza okuthomalalisa iintlungu ukulawula nayiphi na ingxaki enokwenzeka xa ityhubhu isusiwe.
Kwenzeka ntoni emva konyango kwaye kuthatha ixesha elingakanani ukuba umntu aphile?
Emva kokuba unyango luphelile, uza kusiwa kwigumbi lokuchacha, apho abasebenzi bezonyango baza kujonga imeko yakho baze bakuncede ukulawula nayiphi na intlungu onokuba unayo.
Kwiimeko ezininzi, uya kukwazi ukuya ekhaya ngaloo mini yonyango lwakho. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba ukhe wafumana i-anesthesia, uya kufuna umntu oza kukuyisa ekhaya. Kwezinye iimeko, ingakumbi ukuba iiseshoni zakho zonyango zithatha iintsuku ezininzi, kunokufuneka uhlale esibhedlele.
Xa kuthelekiswa nezinye iindlela zonyango lomhlaza, ingakumbi utyando olukhulu, ixesha lokuchacha emva kwe-brachytherapy lifutshane kakhulu . Ngokuxhomekeke kuhlobo lonyango, unokubuyela esiqhelweni kwiintsuku ezimbalwa okanye iveki. Nangona kunjalo, kubalulekile ukuphepha imisebenzi enzima kwaye ufumane ukuphumla ngokwaneleyo iintsuku ezimbalwa emva konyango. Buza ugqirha wakho malunga nexesha elifanelekileyo lokuqalisa imisebenzi yakho yesiqhelo.
Ngaba kukho naziphi na iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga kunye neengozi?
Njengakweminye imithi, i-brachytherapy inokubangela ezinye iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba ezi ziphumo bezingalindelekanga ziya kuxhomekeka kakhulu kuhlobo lomhlaza onawo kunye nohlobo lwe-brachytherapy oyifumanayo.
Okona kubaluleke kakhulu, kuba olu nyango lujoliswe kulo, iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zilinganiselwe kwindawo enyangwayo . Umzekelo, xa unyanga i-prostate, unokufumana ubunzima bokuchama okanye ukukhupha indle, kodwa awuyi kuba nesicaphucaphu okanye ukuhlanza.
Uninzi lweziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ziyaphucuka kancinci kancinci njengoko imitha iphela, kodwa ezinye zinokuhlala ixesha elide, kwaye ezinye zinokuvela emva kwexesha elithile emva kokuba unyango luphelile.
| Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezinokubakho | Iindawo zonyango ezibandakanyeka rhoqo |
|---|---|
| Ubunzima bokuchama okanye ukungakwazi ukulawula ukuchama (ukungakwazi ukuzibamba komchamo) | I-prostate, umhlaza wabasetyhini |
| Ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwe-erectile | I-Prostate |
| Ukuvaleka kwamalungu esini, ukoma | Umhlaza wezifo zabasetyhini |
| Ukuqhinwa, urhudo, okanye ukungakwazi ukulawula indle (ukungakwazi ukuzibamba) | I-prostate, umhlaza wabasetyhini, umhlaza wesisu |
| Ukudinwa kakhulu komzimba (Ukudinwa) | Inokwenzeka nakweyiphi na indawo yonyango. |
| Isicaphucaphu nokuhlanza | Kunyango lomhlaza wesisu |
Ngaba kukhuselekile ukunxulumana nabanye abantu emva konyango?
Lo ngumbuzo abantu abaninzi abanawo. "Ekubeni ndinento ekhupha imisebe emzimbeni wam, ngaba ndiza kuyenzakalisa intsapho yam nabantwana bam abancinci?"
Impendulo yoku ixhomekeke kuhlobo lwe-brachytherapy oyifumeneyo.
- Ukuba ukhe wanyangwa ngebrachytherapy okwethutyana: Emva kokuba izinto ezisebenzisa i-radioactive zisusiwe emzimbeni wakho, akuyi kubakho misebe emzimbeni wakho. Ngoko ke unokuba phakathi kwabanye abantu, kuquka abafazi abakhulelweyo nabantwana abancinci, ngaphandle koloyiko. Akukho mngcipheko.
- Ukuba ukhe wafumana unyango oluhlala ixesha elide lwe-brachytherapy: Ekubeni imbewu ye-radioactive ifakwa emzimbeni wakho ngokusisigxina, usenokuba sesichengeni semitha encinci kakhulu kangangeeveki okanye iinyanga ezimbalwa. Umngcipheko kwabanye uphantsi kakhulu kuba imitha ayihambi kakhulu ngaphandle komzimba. Nangona kunjalo, njengesilumkiso, ugqirha wakho unokukucebisa ukuba unciphise ukunxibelelana ngokusondeleyo (umz., ukugona) nabasetyhini abakhulelweyo kunye nabantwana abancinci okwethutyana. Landela le miyalelo ngononophelo.
Ndifanele ndibonane nogqirha nini?
Ngokwesiqhelo uya kuba nentlanganiso yokulandelela emva konyango. Nangona kunjalo, endaweni yokulinda ezo ntsuku, fowunela ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko ukuba ufumana naziphi na kwezi mpawu zilandelayo:
- Ubunzima bokuphefumla okanye ukuginya
- Intlungu ebuhlungu yesisu, ukuhlanza okungapheliyo, okanye urhudo
- Ukuba unemeko apho ungakwazi ukulawula umchamo okanye ilindle lakho
I-Brachytherapy lunyango olusebenzayo kakhulu, olujolise ekutshabalaliseni iiseli zomhlaza. Ineengenelo ezininzi kuba inciphisa umonakalo kwiiseli ezisempilweni. Ukuba wena okanye umntu omthandayo unikwe olu nyango, thetha nogqirha wakho ngalo kwaye ubuze nayiphi na imibuzo onokuba unayo.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-Brachytherapy yindlela yonyango lwemitha ejolise ekubekeni izinto ezinemitha ngaphakathi okanye kufutshane kakhulu nethumba lomhlaza.
- Eyona nzuzo inkulu yale ndlela kukuba inokuhambisa idosi enamandla yemitha kwiiseli zomhlaza ngelixa inciphisa umonakalo kwiiseli eziphilileyo ezijikelezileyo.
- Ukuba unembewu yemitha engapheliyo, ungacetyiswa ukuba unciphise ukunxibelelana ngokusondeleyo nabantwana abancinci kunye nabasetyhini abakhulelweyo okwethutyana. Akukho mngcipheko emva konyango lwexeshana.
- Xa ithelekiswa nezinye iindlela zonyango lomhlaza, ineziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezimbalwa kwaye ikhawuleza ukuchacha.
- Thetha ngokukhululekileyo nogqirha wakho ukuze ufumane ulwazi oluchanekileyo malunga nemiphumo emibi enokubakho kunye nempumelelo yonyango lwakho.
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