Ngaba ukhe waphawula iqhubu elikhazimlayo eluswini lwakho? Masifunde ngomhlaza weMerkel Cell Carcinoma oyingozi.

Ngaba ukhe waphawula iqhuma elincinci eluswini lwakho, ingakumbi ebusweni bakho, entanyeni, okanye ezandleni zakho elihlala lichatshazelwa lilanga? Ngaba liyakhazimla, libomvu, kwaye kunzima ukulichukumisa? Uninzi lwabantu alunaki kakhulu ezi zinto, kodwa ngamanye amaxesha oku kunokuba luphawu lomhlaza wesikhumba ongaqhelekanga kodwa oyingozi kakhulu obizwa ngokuba yiMerkel Cell Carcinoma . Ngoko masithethe ngayo namhlanje.

Ngamafutshane, yintoni iMerkel Cell Carcinoma?

I-Merkel cell carcinoma luhlobo lomhlaza olungaqhelekanga nolukhula ngokukhawuleza oluqala kwiiseli zeMerkel eluswini lwethu. Inokuba yingozi ebomini.

Cinga ngako oku, nzulu kumaleko ophezulu wolusu lwethu, oko sikubiza ngokuba yi-epidermis , zezi seli zeMerkel. Ezi luhlobo olukhethekileyo lweeseli. Ngenxa yokuba ezi seli zisebenza kunye nenkqubo yethu yemithambo-luvo kunye nenkqubo ye-endocrine, zikwabizwa ngokuba ziiseli ze-neuroendocrine . Ukuchaneka, ezi seli zikufutshane neziphelo zemithambo-luvo ezisinceda sive ukuba sichukumisekile.

Ukuvezwa zizinto ezifana nokukhanya kwe-UV okuvela elangeni konakalisa ezi seli zeMerkel kwaye kubangele ukuba zikhule ngokungalawulekiyo. Kulapho ke lo mhlaza uvela khona. Eyona nto iyingozi ngalo mhlaza kukuba usasazeka ngokukhawuleza kwezinye iindawo zomzimba kwaye unethuba elikhulu lokubuyela umva nokuba sele unyangiwe.

Yintoni ebangela lo mhlaza? Ngubani osengozini enkulu?

Kukho izinto ezininzi eziphambili ezibangela uphuhliso lomhlaza.

Izizathu eziphambili

• Imitha ye-UV: Eyona nto ibangela ukuba kubekho ukukhanya kwelanga rhoqo. Ukuchatshazelwa lilanga rhoqo, ukutshiswa lilanga, kunye nokuchatshazelwa zizibane ezenziweyo ezifana neebhedi zokuthambisa kungonakalisa i-DNA yeeseli zethu zolusu. Lo monakalo yiwo okhokelela ekwakhiweni kweeseli zomhlaza.
• I-Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCP): Oku kuyamangalisa kancinci. Malunga nesibhozo kwishumi labantu abanalo mhlaza baye bosulelwa yintsholongwane ebizwa ngokuba yiMerkel cell polyomavirus (MCP) . Kodwa ungakhathazeki, le ntsholongwane yintsholongwane eqhelekileyo esinokuyifumana ebuntwaneni singazi nokuba ibangelwa yintoni, kwaye ayibangeli zimpawu. Ayinguye wonke umntu onayo emzimbeni wakhe oya kuba nomhlaza. Iingcali zisazama ukufumanisa ukuba kutheni abanye abantu kuphela abafumana umhlaza kule ntsholongwane.

Izinto ezinobungozi

Nangona nabani na enokuba nalo mhlaza, abanye abantu basengozini enkulu.

• Amadoda angaphezu kweminyaka engama-50 ubudala anesikhumba esikhanyayo ngawona asengozini enkulu.
• Ukuba sele ukhe wanezinye iintlobo zomhlaza wolusu, njenge- basal cell carcinoma , i-squamous cell carcinoma , okanye i-melanoma .
• Ukuba ukhe watsha kakhulu lilanga okanye wasebenzisa iibhedi zokutshisa ilanga .
• Emva kokuba ndifumene unyango lwezifo zesikhumba nge-phototherapy .
• Ukuba inkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela ibuthathaka ngenxa yezifo ezifana ne -HIV/AIDS , ezinye iintlobo ze-leukemia, okanye ezinye izizathu.
• Ukuba uthatha amayeza okunciphisa umzimba emva kokufakelwa amalungu omzimba.

Zithini iimpawu zalo mhlaza?

Iithumba ze-Merkel cell carcinoma zibonakala kakhulu kulusu oluvezwe lilanga. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ezi mpawu.

Isifo sichongwa kwaye sinyangwa njani?

Ukuba unale mpawu, ngokuqinisekileyo kuya kufuneka ubone ugqirha wesikhumba , kuba ngamanye amaxesha la maqhuqhuva anokufana nezinye iimeko, ezifana nee-benign cysts okanye ii-hair follicles ezineentsholongwane ( folliculitis ).

Uxilongo

Ugqirha uza kuqala ahlole ulusu lomzimba wakho wonke. Baza kujonga nee-lymph nodes ezivuvukileyo kwiindawo ezifana nentamo yakho nasemakhwapheni ukuze babone ukuba umhlaza usasazekile na. Ukuze kufunyaniswe ukuba isifo sisasazekile, kuthathwa iqhekeza elincinci leqhubu lize lithunyelwe kwilebhu ukuze livavanywe. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-skin biopsy .

Ukuba umhlaza uqinisekisiwe, kwenziwa iimvavanyo ezifana ne -CT scan kunye ne -PET scan ukuze kubonwe ukuba usasazeke kangakanani emzimbeni.

Iindlela zonyango

Unyango lumiselwa ngokwenqanaba lomhlaza.

1. Utyando: Unyango oluphambili lutyando lokususa ngokupheleleyo ithumba elinomhlaza.

• Utyando lweMohs: Kule nto, kuphela umaleko womhlaza osuswa ngononophelo, nto leyo enciphisa umonakalo kulusu olusempilweni.
• Ukususwa kwesikhumba kwindawo ebanzi: Ithumba elinomhlaza kunye nendawo encinci yolusu olusempilweni olujikelezileyo ziyasuswa.
• Ukuqhaqhwa kwe-lymph node: Ukuba umhlaza usasazeke kwi-lymph nodes, loo ma-node asuswa ngotyando.

2. Unyango emva kotyando: Emva kotyando, olu nyango lusetyenziselwa ukutshabalalisa naziphi na iiseli zomhlaza ezisenokuba zisele emzimbeni.

• Unyango lwemitha: Ukutshabalalisa iiseli zomhlaza kusetyenziswa imitha enamandla aphezulu.
• Unyango lwe-Immunotherapy: Ukuvuselela amajoni omzimba ukuze alwe neeseli zomhlaza.
• Unyango lweKhemotherapy: Ukunika amayeza abulala iiseli zomhlaza.

Simele senze ntoni ukuze sizikhusele kulo mhlaza?

Endaweni yokunyanga esi sifo xa sele sikhulile, kungcono ukunciphisa umngcipheko wokuhlaselwa sisifo. Zimbalwa izinto ezilula onokuzenza ukuze wenze loo nto.

• I-sunscreen iyimfuneko: I-SPF engama-60 nangaphezulu yonke imihla, nokuba usekhaya.Sebenzisa isithambisi selanga esilungileyo. Ukuba uphuma phandle, phinda usifake rhoqo emva kweeyure ezimbini.
• Kuphephe ilanga: Kuphephe ukuba selangeni phakathi kwentsimbi ye-10 kusasa ne-4 emva kwemini kangangoko unako. Ukuba kufuneka uphume ngaphandle, yiya kwindawo enomthunzi.
• Ziphephe ngokupheleleyo iibhedi zokuthambisa isikhumba: Ezi ziyingozi kakhulu eluswini.
• Gquma ulusu lwakho: Xa uphuma phandle, nxiba impahla enemikhono emide, umnqwazi omkhulu, kunye neeglasi zelanga ezilungileyo.
• Lumka ulusu lwakho: Jonga ulusu lwakho rhoqo. Ukuba ubona indawo entsha, iqhuma, utshintsho kwindawo ekhoyo, okanye isilonda esingapholiyo, bona ugqirha ngoko nangoko .