Intliziyo yakho ifana nenjini emzimbeni wakho. Ukuze le njini isebenze kakuhle, zonke iindawo ezingaphakathi kuyo kufuneka zisebenze kakuhle. Iindawo ezibaluleke kakhulu zentliziyo ziivalvu. Njengeengcango eziphakathi kwamagumbi endlwini, ezi valve zinceda ukuhamba kwegazi kwicala elinye kuphela. Enye yezi valve yiMitral Valve. Ngamanye amaxesha, le valve yemitral inokuba nesiphako. Ngaphambili, ukuze uyilungise, kwakufuneka uvule isifuba sakho wenze utyando olukhulu. Kodwa ngoku, ngenxa yetekhnoloji ephucukileyo, olu tyando lunokwenziwa ngemingxunya emincinci ngaphandle kokusikwa okukhulu kangaka. Yiyo loo nto silubiza ngokuba yi 'Minimally Invasive Mitral Valve Repair'. Sithetha ngale nto namhlanje.
Ngamafutshane, yintoni le nto yokulungiswa kwevalvu ye-mitral encinci?
Kulula kakhulu. Cinga ngayo, ivalvu ye-mitral ngumnyango ophakathi kwegumbi eliphezulu lasekhohlo (i-atrium yasekhohlo) kunye negumbi elisezantsi lasekhohlo (i-ventricle yasekhohlo) yentliziyo yakho. Umsebenzi walo mnyango kukuvumela igazi liphume phezulu liye ezantsi kwaye ulivale ukuze lingabuyeli phezulu. Ngoko ke ukuba lo mnyango awuvali kakuhle, okanye awuvuli kakuhle, ukuhamba kwegazi kuyaphazamiseka. Kulapho ke le valve kufuneka ilungiswe khona.
'Ukungena kancinci' kuthetha "ukwenziwa ngaphandle komonakalo omncinci." Endaweni yokwenza umsikelo ongama-intshi ubude phakathi kwesifuba njengakwindlela yesintu yotyando lwentliziyo evulekileyo, le ndlela ibandakanya ukwenza umsikelo omnye okanye ngaphezulu, ubude obuziisentimitha ezimbalwa, ecaleni kwesifuba phakathi kweembambo.
Ngamanye amaxesha oku kwenziwa ngotyando lwerobhothi. Emva koko ugqirha ulawula ingalo yerobhothi edlula kule mingxunya mincinci aze ayilungise ngononophelo ivalvu. Kufana nokuqhekeza ucango olukhulu aze angene endlwini, aze ajonge ngesitshixo aze afake ucingo oluncinci ukuze alungise isitshixo.
Kuxa kutheni apho olu tyando luyimfuneko?
Olu tyando lwenziwa ikakhulu ngenxa yezifo ezibini ezenzeka kwivalvu ye-mitral. Makhe sijonge ezi meko zimbini ngokweenkcukacha ukuze siziqonde lula.
| Imeko yezonyango | Kalula nje, kwenzeka ntoni? |
|---|---|
| Ukuhlaziywa kweValve yeMitral | Okwenzekayo apha kukuba xa intliziyo ibetha, amaphetshana evalvu awavaleki kakuhle. Kufana nokutshixa kocango okwaphukileyo. Emva koko igazi liphuma kwigumbi elingaphantsi libuyela kwigumbi eliphezulu. Oku kubangela ukuba intliziyo isebenze nzima. |
| I-Mitral Valve Stenosis | Okwenzekayo apha kukuba amaphetshana evalvu aba makhulu, aqine , kwaye ngamanye amaxesha anamathele kunye. Kufana neehinge zocango ezigqwalileyo. Emva koko ucango alukwazi ukuvula kakuhle. Oko kuthetha ukuba indlela yokuhamba kwegazi iba mxinwa. Intliziyo kufuneka isebenze nzima ukupompa igazi. |
Ukuba ugqirha uthi unale meko, olu tyando lunokuba sisisombululo esilungileyo.
Yintoni umahluko phakathi 'kokulungisa' kunye 'nokutshintsha' ivalvu?
Lo ngumbuzo obaluleke kakhulu.
- Ukulungisa: Into oyenzayo apha kukugcina ivalvu yakho uze ulungise kuphela isiphene esikuyo. Kufana nokulungisa umlenze wesitulo owaphukileyo. Awuthengi isitulo esitsha.
- Ukutshintshwa: Oku kuquka ukususa ivalvu yakho ngokupheleleyo uze uyitshintshe ngevalvu yokwenziwa (ivalvu yoomatshini) okanye ivalvu eyenziwe ngezicubu zezilwanyana (ezehagu okanye inkomo).
Oogqirha basoloko bezama ukulungisa ivalvu, kuba akukho nto ingcono kunevalvu yakho yendalo . Nje ukuba ilungisiwe, akuyi kufuneka usele amayeza okuthintela ukugabha kwegazi ubomi bakho bonke. Kodwa ngamanye amaxesha, ukuba umonakalo kwivalvu unzima kangangokuba awunakulungiswa, unokufuna ukutshintshwa.
Ngoko ke ungayilungisa njani ivalvu ngolu tyando luncinci?
Ugqirha usebenzisa iindlela ezahlukeneyo ngokuxhomekeke kwingxaki yevalvu yakho.
- I-Annuloplasty: Le yeyona nkqubo ixhaphakileyo. Ukuze kuqiniswe ivalvu evuzayo, kufakwa isangqa se-mesh okanye sentsimbi esijikeleze yona size sithungwe. Oku kubuyisela imo yevalvu kwaye kuvumela amaphetshana ukuba avaleke kakuhle.
- Ukudibanisa amaphetshana evalvu: Ngamanye amaxesha amaphetshana evalvu anokuba buthathaka aze awe. Emva koko, loo maphetshana ayomelela.
- Ukuvala umngxuma kwivalvu: Ukuba kukho umngxuma kwivalvu, ivaliwe.
- Ukususwa kwezicubu ezigqithisileyo: Ngamanye amaxesha, izicubu ezingaphezulu zinokukhula ngendlela ethintela amaphecana evalvu ukuba angavaleki kakuhle. Kwimeko enjalo, iindawo ezingafunekiyo ziyasikwa zize zisuswe.
- Ukwahlulwa kweencwadana zevalvu ezinamatheleyo: Njengakwimeko ye-stenosis, iincwadana ezinamatheleyo ziyahlulwa kancinci kwaye zivunyelwe ukuba zivuleke kakuhle kwakhona.
Ngubani ofanelekileyo kolu tyando? Ngaba wonke umntu angayenza?
Hayi. Olu tyando alulungelanga wonke umntu. Oogqirha bajonga izinto ezininzi ukuze bagqibe ukuba ufanelekile na okanye akunjalo.
Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba esi sigqibo senziwe yingcali yentliziyo kunye nogqirha kunye, emva kokuyihlola ngononophelo imeko yakho.
| Izinto ekufuneka ziqwalaselwe | Inkcazo |
|---|---|
| Imeko iyonke yentliziyo yakho | Bajonga indlela intliziyo esebenza ngayo kwaye nokuba kukho naziphi na ezinye izifo. |
| Ingaba kufuneka ezinye iintlobo zotyando | Ukuba ufuna enye into eyenziwa ngexesha elinye nolu tyando, njengotyando lwe-bypass, kusenokufuneka uye kutyando oluvulekileyo lwendabuko. |
| Indlela yokuphila | Le ndlela isenokungafaneleki kubantu abatshayayo okanye abatyebe kakhulu (i-BMI engaphezulu kwama-30), njengoko iingozi zotyando ziphezulu. |
| Ezinye iimeko zonyango | Olu tyando lusenokungafaneleki ukuba unesifo esibi semithambo yegazi yentliziyo okanye ingxaki enkulu kwenye ivalvu (ivalvu ye-aorta). |
Kwenzeka ntoni ngaphambi nangexesha lotyando?
Ukulungiselela ngaphambi kotyando
Emva kokugqiba ukuba uza kutyandwa na, ugqirha wakho uza kukunika imiyalelo efunekayo aze enze novavanyo oluninzi ukuze afunde okungakumbi ngentliziyo yakho.
- I-Echocardiogram: Olu luvavanyo lwe-ultrasound lwentliziyo. Lunokubona ngokucacileyo indlela esebenza ngayo ivalvu zentliziyo kunye nendlela igazi elihamba ngayo.
- Ukulungiswa kweCatheter yentliziyo:Oku kujonga ukuba akukho zithintelo kwimithambo yegazi ehambisa igazi entliziyweni (imithambo yegazi ye-coronary).
- I-CT Scan: Oku kukwavelisa imifanekiso eneenkcukacha zemithambo yegazi entliziyweni nasesifubeni.
Ngexesha lotyando
Ezi zizinto ezenzekayo ngexesha lotyando, oludla ngokuthatha iiyure ezimbini ukuya kwezine.
1. Ingcali yokubulala iintlungu iza kukufaka phantsi kwe-anesthesia eqhelekileyo. Oku kuthetha ukuba awuyi kuva nto, uza kube ulele ngokupheleleyo.
2. Ugqirha uza kwenza umsikelo omncinci malunga neesentimitha ezi-4-6 kwicala lasekunene lesifuba sakho, phakathi kweembambo.
3. Ngale ndlela yokusikwa, kufakwa ityhubhu encinci (i-endoscope) enekhamera eqhotyoshelwe kuyo, kwaye kusetyenziswa isixhobo sokujonga ivalvu yakho ye-mitral ngokweenkcukacha.
4. Emva koko, izixhobo zotyando ezinde nezincinci kakhulu zifakwa ngentsimbi yesikere kwaye isiphene esikwivalvu siyalungiswa.
5. Emva kokuba umsebenzi ugqityiwe, izixhobo ziyakhutshwa kwaye ukusika kuyathungwa kuvaliwe.
Kwenzeka ntoni emva kotyando? Zithini iingenelo kunye neengozi?
Emva kotyando, uza kugcinwa kwigumbi lokhathalelo olunzulu (ICU) usuku olunye okanye ezimbini. Ngeli xesha, izinga lentliziyo yakho kunye noxinzelelo lwegazi luya kuhlolwa. Usenokufakwa nemibhobho yokukhupha amanzi esifubeni sakho ukuze ukhuphe naluphi na ulwelo olunokuba luqokelelene.
Emva koko uza kudluliselwa kwigumbi eliqhelekileyo. Uza kuncedwa ukuba uvuke uhambe emva kosuku olunye okanye ezimbini. Ukuba kukho i-mucus emiphungeni yakho, uza kuxelelwa ukuba wenze umthambo wokuphefumla ukuze uyisuse. Uya kuhlala esibhedlele kangangeentsuku ezintlanu ngaphambi kokuba ugoduke.
| Iingenelo zolu tyando | Iingozi ezinokubakho |
|---|---|
| Ukuchacha ngokukhawuleza nokuchacha. | Ukopha kunye nokugabha kwegazi. |
| Iintlungu azinciphi, ngoko ke akukho mfuneko ingako yokusebenzisa amayeza anamandla okudambisa iintlungu. | Ukuvela kweemeko ezisulelayo. |
| Umngcipheko wokosuleleka nokopha uphantsi. | Ukubetha kwentliziyo okungaqhelekanga (iiArrhythmias). |
| Isilonda sincinci kakhulu. | Umngcipheko omncinci wesifo sohlangothi. |
| Ixesha elichithwa esibhedlele lincinci. |
Linjani ixesha lokuchacha emva kokubuyela ekhaya?
Ungaziva udiniwe njengesiqhelo kangangeeveki ezimbalwa emva kokuba ubuyele ekhaya. Oku kuqhelekile. Uya kubuyela amandla akho kancinci kancinci. Ugqirha wakho uya kukuxelela ukuba ungabuyela nini emsebenzini kwaye uqalise imisebenzi yakho yesiqhelo. Kufuneka uphephe ukuphakamisa izinto ezinzima kangangeeveki ezimbalwa.
Kwakhona, ugqirha wakho unokucebisa ukuba uthathe inxaxheba kwinkqubo yokuvuselela intliziyo. Oku kubaluleke kakhulu. Ezi nkqubo zinokukunceda uphucule impilo yakho ngokuzivocavoca okukhuselekileyo kunye nokutya okunempilo.
Ufanele uye nini kugqirha emva kotyando?
Ukuba ufumana naziphi na iimpawu zengxaki emva kotyando, kufuneka ubone ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko . Qaphela ngakumbi ezi mpawu zilandelayo.
| Ingqalelo! Ukuba unale mpawu, funa ingcebiso kagqirha ngokukhawuleza. | |
|---|---|
| - Ubomvu okanye ulwelo oluphuma kwindawo eqhotyoshiweyo. | - Ukuziva ngathi intliziyo yakho ibetha ngokukhawuleza (ukubetha kwentliziyo). |
| - Ukudumba okugqithisileyo okanye ukubomvu okujikeleze indawo yokusikwa. | - Ukudumba okungaqhelekanga kwemilenze okanye iinyawo (ukudumba). |
| - Umkhuhlane okanye ukubanda. | - Ukunyuka kobunzima obungaphezulu kwe-1.5 kg (iikhilogram ezi-3) ngeveki. |
Okokugqibela, ngamanye amaxesha kukho nokungenelela okuhamba ngeenyawo ukulungisa olu hlobo lweevalvu. Oku kuquka ukudlulisa ityhubhu ngemithambo yegazi esesinqeni iye entliziyweni, nokufaka izixhobo kuyo ukulungisa ivalvu. Ugqirha wakho uza kukuchazela ukuba yeyiphi indlela efanelekileyo kuwe.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- 'Ukulungiswa kwevalvu ye-mitral engaphantsi kakhulu' yindlela yotyando yanamhlanje elungisa iziphene zevalvu ye-mitral ngomsikelo omncinci, ngaphandle kokuvula isifuba.
- Le ndlela ayibuhlungu kangako, ayifuni ukuhlala esibhedlele kakhulu, ishiya isilonda esincinci, kwaye ivumela ukuba umntu alulame ngokukhawuleza.
- Olu tyando alufanelekanga kubo bonke abaguli. Iqela lakho lezonyango liza kugqiba ukuba lukulungele na.
- Ukulandela imiyalelo yezonyango kanye emva kotyando kubalulekile ukuze uphile ngokukhawuleza.
- Ukuba ufumana naziphi na iimpawu ezingaqhelekanga emva kotyando, ungathandabuzi ukwazisa ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko.
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