Ngaba ngamanye amaxesha ukufumanisa kunzima ukuphakama esitulweni, ukukhwela izinyuko, okanye ukwenza imisebenzi elula efana nokukama iinwele zakho? Ngaba izihlunu zakho ziziva zibuthathaka kwaye zingenabomi? Unobangela wale meko usenokuba yimeko ebizwa ngokuba yi-myopathy. Eli gama lisenokuba litsha kuwe. Kodwa ungakhathazeki, siza kuthetha ngayo yonke into ngendlela elula onokuyiqonda.
Yintoni kanye kanye iMyopathy?
Ngamafutshane, i-myopathy ligama eliqhelekileyo elichaza ubuthathaka bemisipha yethu yamathambo , imisipha edibana namathambo ethu kwaye isishukumise. Cinga ngemizimba yethu njengemoto. Le moto iqhutywa yinjini ebizwa ngokuba yimisipha. I-Myopathy yimeko apho imicu yemisipha kwezi misipha yonakele, inciphisa amandla aloo njini. Esi asisosifo esinye, kodwa liqela lezifo.
Ngaba kukho iintlobo eziphambili ze-myopathy?
Ewe, i-myopathy inokwahlulwahlulwa ibe ziintlobo ezimbini eziphambili. Ifana nezinye iingxaki esizifumana njengelifa ekuzalweni kunye nezinye iingxaki ezikhula njengoko siphila.
| Uhlobo lwe-Myopathy | Kalula nje... |
|---|---|
| IiMyopathies ezizuzwe njengelifa | Ezi ziimeko ezibangelwa sisiphene semfuza. Oko kukuthi, izifo ezibangelwa sisiphene semfuza esizuzwe kumama okanye kutata. |
| IiMyopathies ezifunyenweyo | Ezi zibangelwa yenye imeko yezonyango, usulelo, amayeza athathiweyo, okanye esinye isizathu sangaphandle ebomini. |
Ngoku makhe sijonge ezi ntlobo ngeenkcukacha ezithe vetshe.
IiMyopathies ezizuzwe njengelifa
Ezi zibangelwa zizinto ezibangela ufuzo, ngoko ke zihlala zizuzwa njengelifa.
- IiMyopathies zokuzalwa:Ezi ziimeko ezikhoyo xa umntwana ezalwa. Abanye abantwana banokubonisa iimpawu ngoko nangoko. Kodwa kwabanye, iimpawu zinokuvela kamva ebomini okanye kamva ebomini. Into eyahlukileyo ngale meko kukuba ubuthathaka buchaphazela phantse yonke imisipha emzimbeni, kwaye buhlala busiba mandundu ngokuhamba kwexesha.
- I-Mitochondrial Myopathies: Ngamafutshane, i-mitochondria ziibhetri ezinika amandla iiseli zethu. Xa ezi bhetri zingasebenzi kakuhle, izihlunu azifumani amandla eziwadingayo, kwaye ziyabuthathaka. Le meko inokuchaphazela kungekuphela nje izihlunu, kodwa nezinye izitho ezifuna amandla amaninzi, njengentliziyo, ingqondo, kunye nenkqubo yokugaya ukutya.
- I-Metabolic Myopathies: Izihlunu zethu zifuna iikhemikhali ezikhethekileyo ezibizwa ngokuba zii-enzymes ukuze zisebenze kakuhle. Le meko ibangelwa sisiphene kwiijini ezenza ezi enzymes. Kwimeko enjalo, kunokubakho iintlungu eziqatha kunye nokuxhuzula kwezihlunu, ingakumbi kwiindawo ezifana namagxa namathanga, ngexesha lokuzilolonga. Ngamanye amaxesha, imeko embi ebizwa ngokuba yi-"Rhabdomyolysis``, apho imicu yezihlunu iyaqhekeka khona, inokwenzeka.
- I-Muscular Dystrophies: Usenokuba ukhe waliva eli gama ngaphambili. Le yimeko apho izihlunu ziphelelwa ngamandla kwaye zibe buthathaka kancinci kancinci ngenxa yokunqongophala kwemveliso yeeproteni ezifunekayo ukugcina ulwakhiwo lwezihlunu luqinile. Oku kunokuchaphazela izihlunu zeengalo, imilenze, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha ubuso namehlo.
IiMyopathies ezifunyenweyo
Ezi asizozinto ozalwa nazo. Ziimeko ezibangelwa zizizathu ezahlukeneyo ebomini.
| Unobangela | Imizekelo kunye neenkcukacha |
|---|---|
| Iingxaki zenkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela (I-Autoimmune/Inflammatory) | Iimeko ezenzekayo xa inkqubo yokuzikhusela yomzimba wethu (inkqubo yokuzikhusela komzimba) ihlasela ngempazamo izicubu zayo. |
| Iityhefu okanye iziyobisi (i-Toxic Myopathy) | Ezinye izinto zingonakalisa izihlunu. Imizekelo ibandakanya ukusela utywala kakhulu, ukuphefumla umsi ovela kwiintlobo ezithile zepeyinti, kunye namayeza athile (umz., amanye amayeza okwehlisa i-cholesterol (statins), ii-steroids (corticosteroids), kunye namanye amayeza asetyenziselwa ukunyanga i-HIV). |
| Iingxaki zeHormonal (Endocrine Myopathies) | Ubuthathaka bemisipha bunokubangelwa kukungalingani kwamahomoni emzimbeni. Imizekelo ibandakanya i-thyroid engasebenzi kakuhle (i-hypothyroidism) okanye i-thyroid esebenza kakhulu (i-hyperthyroidism), iingxaki ze-parathyroid hormone, kunye nezifo ze-adrenal gland. |
| Usulelo (IiMyopathies ezosulelayo) | Iintlobo ngeentlobo zosulelo zinokuchaphazela izihlunu. Imizekelo ibandakanya: i-HIV, iintsholongwane ezifana nomkhuhlane, usulelo lweebhaktheriya, kunye nosulelo lwezibungu. |
| Ukungalingani kwe-Electrolyte | Ukwehla okanye ukunyuka kwamanqanaba e-electrolytes ezibalulekileyo ezifana ne-potassium kunye ne-magnesium emzimbeni kuchaphazela ukusebenza kwemisipha. |
| Isifo Esibalulekileyo I-Myopathy | Ubuthathaka bemisipha ngenxa yokugula kakhulu kwindawo efana neyunithi yokhathalelo oluphezulu (ICU), ukuhlala ebhedini ixesha elide, kunye namanye amayeza anamandla anikwa ngelo xesha. |
Zithini iimpawu zesifo se-myopathy?
Nangona kukho iintlobo ezininzi ze-myopathy, kukho iimpawu ezininzi eziqhelekileyo ezinokubonwa phantse kuzo zonke.
- Ubuthathaka bemisipha: Ubuthathaka, ingakumbi kwimisipha ekufutshane nombindi womzimba (amagxa, iingalo eziphezulu, izinqe, namathanga).
- Ukuqhaqhazela kwemisipha, ukuqina kwayo, kunye nentlungu.
- Ukudinwa kakhulu nangona sele ndenze umsebenzi omncinci.
- Ukungabikho kwamandla.
Olu buthathaka ludla ngokuchaphazela amacala omabini omzimba ngokulinganayo, nto leyo ethetha ukuba ingalo yasekhohlo ibuthathaka njengengalo yasekunene.
Uziva njani ngolu buthathaka?
Obu buthathaka bemisipha bunokwenza kube nzima ukwenza imisebenzi yemihla ngemihla. Khawucinge nje...
- Nemisebenzi elula efana nokukama iinwele zakho, ukunxiba impahla, kunye nokuhlamba inzima.
- Kunzima ukuphakama kwisitulo sokuhlala.
- Ukunyuka izinyuko kuyadinisa kakhulu.
- Kunzima ukuphakamisa isandla sakho ukuze ufumane into eshelufini engaphezulu kwentloko yakho.
- Xa ndidiniwe kancinci, ndiziva ngathi ndinengxaki yokuphefumla.
Ngaphandle koku, ezinye iimpawu ezithile zinokubonakala ngokuxhomekeke kuhlobo lwe-myopathy. Umzekelo, abanye abantwana banokuqala ukuhamba nokutsiba kade. Basenokungakwazi ukubaleka okanye ukutsiba xa bedlala noontanga babo. Abanye banokuba nobunzima bokuginya nokungathethi kakuhle xa bethetha.
Ndingafumanisa njani ukuba ndinale meko?
Ukuba unezi mpawu, eyona nto ibalulekileyo omawuyenze kukubona ugqirha wosapho lwakho. Uza kubhala imbali epheleleyo yeempawu zakho, imbali yezonyango zosapho lwakho, kunye nayo nayiphi na imithi oyithathayo. Emva koko baza kwenza uvavanyo lomzimba kwaye, ukuba kuyimfuneko, bakuthumele kwingcali, efana nengcali yemithambo-luvo okanye ingcali yamathambo.
Kunokwenziwa iimvavanyo ezininzi ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa.
| Uvavanyo | Yintoni ejongwa yile nto? (Ijongwa yintoni?) |
|---|---|
| Uvavanyo lwegazi | Iienzymes ezikhutshwa egazini xa izihlunu zonakele (umz., iCreatine Kinase (CK)), amanqanaba amathe, amanqanaba eehomoni, kunye neempawu zeengxaki zenkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela ziyajongwa. |
| Uvavanyo lwe-EMG (i-Electromyography) | Uvavanyo olukhethekileyo oluthumela imiqondiso yombane engabonakaliyo kwimisipha nakwimithambo-luvo ukuze kulinganiswe umsebenzi wazo kunye nobungakanani bomonakalo. |
| Iskeni se-MRI (Umfanekiso weMagnetic Resonance) | Ulwakhiwo lwezihlunu kunye notshintsho oluye lwenzeka kuzo lubonakala ngokucacileyo. |
| Uvavanyo lweMfuzo | Ukuba kukho ukurhanelwa kwe-myopathy yokuzalwa, olu vavanyo lwenziwa ukuqinisekisa ukuba kukho naziphi na iziphene zemfuza ezinxulumene nayo. |
| I-Biopsy yeMisipha | Iqhekeza elincinci kakhulu leqhubu elirhanelekayo liyasuswa ngotyando lize lihlolwe ngemicroscope ukuze kufunyaniswe isifo ngokuchanekileyo. |
Ziziphi iindlela zonyango lwe-myopathy?
Unyango luxhomekeke kuhlobo lwe-myopathy onayo. Akukho nyango lufanayo olufanele bonke.
- Unyango Oluqhelekileyo: Unyango lomzimba kunye nonyango lomsebenzi zibalulekile kwiimeko ezininzi ze-myopathic. Ezi zinokukunceda ukugcina amandla emisipha kunye nokuguquguquka kwaye zikuncede wenze imisebenzi yemihla ngemihla ngokulula.
- Kwiingxaki zenkqubo yokuzikhusela komzimba: Kunikwa amayeza acinezela inkqubo yokuzikhusela komzimba, anjengee-immunosuppressants kunye nee-corticosteroids.
- Kwi-myopathies yokuzalwa: Akukabikho nyango luqinisekileyo lwezi zifo ezininzi. Nangona kunjalo, iimpawu zinokulawulwa kwaye umgangatho wobomi uphuculwe. Amayeza amatsha ngoku afumaneka kwiimeko ezithile (umz., i-Duchenne muscular dystrophy, isifo sePompe).
- Kwezinye izifo zesibini ze-myopathies: Unyango lujoliswe kwisizathu esiyintloko se-myopathy. Umzekelo, ukuba yingxaki yehomoni, iyalungiswa, ukuba yintsholongwane, kunikwa amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane, okanye ukuba ibangelwa liyeza, iyeza liyayekiswa.
Ndingazinyamekela njani?
Nangona i-myopathy yimeko yexesha elide, ungayilawula le sifo kwaye uphile ubomi obusempilweni ngokutshintsha indlela ophila ngayo kwaye uyilawule ngokufanelekileyo.
- Yitya ukutya okunempilo nokunesondlo. Ukutya okunesondlo okunemifuno neziqhamo ezininzi kubaluleke kakhulu.
- Hlala usempilweni. Ziqhelise kancinci. Kodwa khumbula, ngaphambi kokuba uqale nayiphi na inkqubo yokuzilolonga, ngokuqinisekileyo kufuneka uthethe nogqirha wakho kwaye ubuze ukuba zeziphi imithambo efanelekileyo kwimeko yakho.
- Gcina ubunzima bomzimba bufanelekile.
- Ukuba unengxaki yokuginya, yitya ukutya okuthambileyo nokumanzi. Xuba ukutya kakuhle uze ukutye.
- Thatha amayeza anikwe ngugqirha ngexesha elifanelekileyo.
- Nika ingqalelo kutshintsho emzimbeni wakho. Ukuba ubona naluphi na utshintsho okanye ukwanda kweempawu, yazisa ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-Myopathy ligama eliqhelekileyo leemeko ezininzi ezenza izihlunu zibe buthathaka.
- Ezi zinokuba zezokuzalwa (i-genetic) okanye zinokukhula ngexesha lobomi ngenxa yezinye izizathu.
- Ubuthathaka bemisipha, ukuqina, kunye nokudinwa kakhulu kunye nemisebenzi emincinci zezona mpawu ziphambili.
- Ukuba unale mpawu, kubaluleke kakhulu ukufuna ingcebiso kagqirha ngokukhawuleza.
- Iindlela zonyango ziyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwisizathu semeko. Ngolawulo olufanelekileyo nonyango, iimeko ezininzi zinokulawulwa kakuhle kwaye ziphile ubomi obuqhelekileyo.
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