Ngaba iithumba zingakhula kwimithambo-luvo yakho? Masithethe ngeeNerve Sheath Tumors ngokulula!

Imithambo-luvo ehamba emizimbeni yethu ifana nenethiwekhi yeengcingo ezithwala imiyalezo yombane. Yizo ezithwala ulwazi oluya phambili noluvela ebuchotsheni lusiya emzimbeni wonke, lusuka emzimbeni luye ebuchotsheni. Khawuthelekelele ukuba ezi seli zemithambo-luvo, amaqela azo, zonke zigqunywe ngee-membranes ezikhethekileyo zokukhusela, njenge-sheath yeplastiki ejikeleze intambo, ukuze zikhuseleke kwaye zincede imiqondiso yombane ihambe ngokukhawuleza. Kukwezi membranes zokukhusela apho ezi zibizwa ngokuba zii-nerve sheath tumors ngamanye amaxesha zikhula khona.

Zithini ii-Nerve Sheath Tumors?

Ngamafutshane, la mathumba akheka "kwizingxobo" ezikhuselayo ezijikeleze imithambo-luvo yethu. Esi "singxobo" okanye isigqubuthelo senziwe ngamaleya aliqela:

• Iiseli zeSchwann: Ezi ziiseli ezijikeleza i-axon, inxalenye ende yeseli yemithambo-luvo, njenge-insulation ejikeleze ucingo.
• I-Endoneurium: Le yi-connective tissue ejikeleze i-nerve fiber nganye, njenge-sheath ejikeleze i-copper wire enye kwi-wire.
• I-Perineurium: Yile nto ijikeleze imixokelelwane yemithambo-luvo.

Inkqubo yethu yemithambo-luvo inokwahlulwahlulwa ibe ziinxalenye ezimbini:

• Inkqubo yemithambo-luvo ephakathi: Oku kuquka ingqondo yethu kunye nomqolo.
• Inkqubo yemithambo-luvo ejikeleze umzimba: Le yinethiwekhi yemithambo-luvo ephuma engqondweni nasemqolo iye kuzo zonke iindawo zomzimba.

Uninzi lwexesha, ezi neurofibromas zenzeka kwinkqubo yemithambo-luvo engaphandle .

Zeziphi iintlobo zeenkozo ezikhoyo?

Kukho iintlobo ezininzi eziphambili ze-neuromas. Makhe sijonge ukuba zeziphi.

I-Schwannomas

Ezi thumba zikhula kwiiseli zeSchwann ezikhankanyiweyo ngaphambili. Malunga ne-60% ye-schwannomas ikhula kwi-vestibular nerve ekwindlebe yethu yangaphakathi . Le nerve inceda umzimba wethu ukuba ugcine ibhalansi. Ezinye ii-schwannomas ngamanye amaxesha zinokukhula phantsi kolusu lwethu, okanye ngaphakathi kwizicubu kunye namalungu omzimba. Iindawo eziqhelekileyo apho ezi thumba zibonakala khona zezi:

• Kwiingalo nasemilenzeni
• Entlokweni
• Kwisiqu (oko kukuthi, indawo ephakathi kwamagxa kunye namanqe)

I-Schwannomas luhlobo lwethumba elihlala ligqunywe ngumaleko omncinci wezicubu, okanye "elifakwe ngaphakathi." Ezi thumba zihlala zingenamhlaza (zingenobungozi). Nangona kunjalo, kunqabile kakhulu, ithumba elide linokuba ngumhlaza (elibi).

Ii-Neurofibromas

Olu hlobo lwethumba lubandakanya iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zezicubu ezibizwa ngokuba ziiSchwann cells, endoneurium, kunye ne-perineurium ezigubungela imithambo-luvo. Ezi zihlala zibonakala njengeziqwenga phantsi kolusu, kodwa ngamanye amaxesha zinokukhula kwimithambo-luvo engaphakathi emzimbeni.

Ngokungafaniyo ne-schwannomas, ii-neurofibromas azifakwanga ngaphakathi kwi-nerve bundles. Ii-Plexiform neurofibromas luhlobo lwethumba elisasazeka njenge-mesh, lijikeleze ii-nerve bundles ezininzi kwaye linokusasaza kwizicubu ezingqongileyo.

Uninzi lwee-neurofibromas azingomhlaza. Nangona kunjalo, malunga ne-5% ukuya kwi-10% yezi thumba zinokuba ngumhlaza . Zibizwa ngokuba zii-malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (MPNST) . Malunga nesiqingatha sabantu abanezi thumba zinobungozi sele zisasazeke kwezinye iindawo zomzimba ngexesha lokufunyaniswa kwazo.

Ixhaphake kangakanani le siqhamo?

Izimila ze-nerve sheath ezingezizo umhlaza azixhaphakanga kangako.

• I-Schwannomas ixhaphake kakhulu kubantu abaphakathi kweminyaka engama-50 ukuya kwengama-60 ubudala.
• Ii-neurofibromas zihlala zenzeka kubantu abaphakathi kweminyaka engama-20 ukuya kwengama-40 ubudala.
• Ii-neurofibromas ze-Plexiform zihlala zikhula ngaphambi kokuba zibe neminyaka emi-5 ubudala.

Iintsholongwane zePeripheral Nerve Sheath ezinobungozi luhlobo lomhlaza olungaqhelekanga , luchaphazela umntu omnye kuphela kwizigidi ezili-10 ngonyaka.

Kutheni iithumba zifana nolu hlobo? Zithini izizathu?

Utshintsho kwimfuza lunempembelelo enkulu ekuphuhlisweni kwezi neurofibromas.

• Uphuhliso lweSchwannomas lunxulunyaniswa notshintsho kwijini ebizwa ngokuba yiNF2.
• Ii-Neurofibromas zinxulunyaniswa nejini ebizwa ngokuba yi-(NF1).

Uninzi lwexesha, olu tshintsho lwemfuza lwenzeka ngamaxesha athile, ngaphandle kwesizathu esibonakalayo . Nangona kunjalo, inani elincinci le-schwannomas kunye ne-neurofibromas zibangelwa yimeko engaqhelekanga yemfuza ebizwa ngokuba yi -neurofibromatosis , enokuqhubeka kwiintsapho.

Iintlobo ze-Neurofibromatosis

Kukho iintlobo ezintathu eziphambili zesi sifo:

• Uhlobo lwe-Neurofibromatosis 1 (NF1): Abantu abane-NF1 baphuhlisa inani elikhulu lee-neurofibromas. Banomngcipheko ophezulu wokufumana ii-neuromas ze-plexiform kunye nee-malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (MPNST). Ezinye iimeko ezibonwa kubantu abane-NF1 ziquka i-macrocephaly , i-scoliosis, kunye nokukhubazeka kokufunda .

• Uhlobo lwe-Neurofibromatosis 2 (NF2):Phantse wonke umntu one-NF2 uba ne-vestibular schwannomas kuzo zombini iindlebe ngaphambi kokuba abe neminyaka engama-30 ubudala. Ukongeza, ezinye iintlobo ze-schwannomas kunye neethumba nazo zinokukhula eluswini, emehlweni, nakwinkqubo yemithambo-luvo ephakathi.

• I-Schwannomatosis: Kule meko, ii-schwannomas ezininzi zikhula kwi-vestibular nerve (kwiindlebe zombini) kunokuba zikhule kwi-vestibular nerve.

Zithini iimpawu zezi thumba?

Uninzi lwabantu abanee-neuromastoid tumors abaziva ntlungu okanye ezinye iimpawu . Nangona kunjalo, ukuba i-tumor ikhula ibe nkulu okanye icinezele imithambo-luvo, iimpawu ezifana nezi:

• Iqhuma okanye ithumba elingaphantsi kolusu (linokuba buhlungu xa licinezelwe).
• Ubuthathaka bemisipha .
• Ukuba ndindisholo .
• Iintlungu, iintlungu, okanye iintlungu ezibukhali .
• Ukuziva urhawuzelelwa, njengokubethwa ngumbane .

Ngokuxhomekeke kwindawo ekuyo ithumba, ezinye iimpawu ezithile zinokuvela. Nazi imizekelo embalwa:

• I-Sciatic nerve tumor: Intlungu ehamba ukusuka emqolo ukuya emlenzeni (sciatica).
• Ithumba esihlahleni: Iimpawu ezifana nezo zeCarpal Tunnel Syndrome.
• Ithumba lemithambo-luvo yeVestibular: Ukulahlekelwa kukuva, i-tinnitus, iingxaki zokulinganisela.

Ngokwesiqhelo, ukuba umntu une-neurofibromatosis, iba sisimila esinye. Nangona kunjalo, kubantu abanesi sifo esikhankanyiweyo ngaphambili i-neurofibromatosis, iithumba ezininzi zinokubonakala (ngokuqhelekileyo eluswini).

Uyazi njani ukuba unazo ezi nati?

Ugqirha wakho uza kuqala akuhlole ngokwasemzimbeni aze ahlole impilo yakho iyonke. Oku kuya kuquka ukubuza ngembali yakho yezonyango, imbali yezonyango yosapho, kunye nazo naziphi na iimpawu onokuba unazo.

Ukuze uphande ngakumbi ngethumba elisele libonakala okanye ithumba elirhanelwayo, ugqirha wakho unokucebisa ezi mvavanyo zilandelayo:

• Uvavanyo lwemifanekiso yezonyango: Olu luquka ii-MRI scans, ii-ultrasound scans, kunye nee-PET scans ukuze kubonwe ithumba ngokucacileyo.
• I-Biopsy: Kuthathwa iqhekeza elincinci lesicubu kwithumba lize lihlolwe ngemakroskopu ukuze kubonwe ukuba loluphi uhlobo lweeseli ezikhoyo. Oku kukuxelela ngokuqinisekileyo ukuba ithumba linomhlaza okanye akunjalo.

Ukuba unezimila ezininzi, ugqirha wakho unokucebisa novavanyo lwemfuza ukuze kubonwe ukuba unezimo ezibizwa ngokuba yi-(NF1), (NF2), kunye neSchwannomatosis.

Zithini iindlela zonyango zoku?

Ukuba awunazo naziphi na iimpawu ezivela kwi-neuromastoid, ugqirha wakho unokucebisa ukuba "ulinde kwaye ulinde."Ungakhetha indlela ebizwa ngokuba yi-"monitoring." Oko kuthetha ukujonga ithumba rhoqo ukuze ubone ukuba liyakhula okanye liyatshintsha.

Kwizimila ezineempawu, okanye ukuba ufuna ukususa isimila ngenxa yezizathu zobuhle, utyando ludla ngokuba lolona khetho luphela .

Ezinye ii-neurofibromas, ingakumbi ezo zibizwa ngokuba yi-plexiform neurofibromas, kunzima ukuzisusa ngokupheleleyo kuba zikhula ngaphakathi kwimithambo-luvo naphakathi kweengqimba zesigqubuthelo. Ukuba ithumba alinakususwa ngokupheleleyo emva kotyando, ugqirha wakho uya kukujonga ngokusondeleyo, njengoko ithumba linokukhula kwakhona.

Unyango lwe-schwannomas entloko

IiSchwannomas ezikhula entloko, ezifana nee-vestibular schwannomas, zinokuchaphazela imithambo-luvo elawula imisebenzi ebalulekileyo emzimbeni wethu. Kwezi meko, oogqirha basebenzisa indlela ebizwa ngokuba yi-stereotactic radiosurgery (umz., iGamma Knife®) ukuthintela umonakalo kwimithambo-luvo.

Olu asilotyando lwesintu olubandakanya ukwenza i-incision. Lubandakanya ukuthumela umqadi wemitha ojolise ngqo eluswini ukuze utshabalalise okanye unciphise ithumba.

Unyango lwezimila ze-nerve sheath ezibangelwa ngumhlaza

Ukongeza kotyando, unyango lomhlaza olufana nonyango lwemitha kunye ne -chemotherapy lunokusetyenziswa ukunyanga iithumba ze-nerve sheath ezinobungozi.

Ziziphi iingxaki ezinokubakho xa utyando?

Njengakwezinye iindlela zotyando, kukho iingxaki ezininzi eziqhelekileyo ezinokwenzeka ngolu hlobo lotyando:

• Ukopha
• Usulelo lwenxeba
• Intlungu
• Amanxeba

Ukongeza, utyando lwemithambo-luvo lunomngcipheko wokonakala kwemithambo-luvo kunye nokukhubazeka okusisigxina . Iqela lakho lezonyango liza kukunceda ulawule naluphi na ukukhubazeka okuhlala ixesha elide okunokuvela emva kotyando. Unyango olwahlukeneyo (unyango lomzimba, unyango lomsebenzi, kunye nonyango lokuthetha) lunokukunceda uphile kwakhona.

Ngaba ezi thumba zinokuthintelwa ukuba zingabikho?

Akukho ndlela eyaziwayo yokuthintela ukwakheka kwezi thumba. Nangona kunjalo, ugqirha wakho unokucebisa uvavanyo lwemfuza ukuba:

• Ukuba kukho umntu kusapho lwakho onembali yokuphuhlisa ii-neurofibromas.
• Ukuba unezimila ezininzi ze-nerve sheath (oku kungaba luphawu lwesifo se-neurofibromatosis).

Sifanele sicinge ntoni ngezi zinto zimbi kwixesha elizayo? (Imbono)

Uninzi lwee-neurofibromas azinamhlaza . Zinganyangeka ngotyando kwaye azifane zibuye. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba ithumba lakho alinakusulwa ngokupheleleyo ngotyando, kuya kufuneka uqhubeke uphantsi kweliso likagqirha.

Malunga nabantu abathathu kwaba-4 abafumana unyango lwe-vestibular schwannoma bayakwazi ukugcina iindlebe zabo .

Umngcipheko wokuba ithumba elisecaleni lemithambo-luvo libe ngumhlaza uphantsi kakhulu. Umngcipheko ophezulu ngowabantu abanesifo (NF1) abafumana i-Plexiform neurofibroma. Ingqikelelo yokuba ithumba elisecaleni lemithambo-luvo linobungozi (MPNST) alilunganga kangako, ingakumbi ukuba ithumba likhulu kune-intshi ezi-2. Bangaphantsi kwesiqingatha abantu abanale meko abaphila iminyaka emihlanu emva kokufunyaniswa ukuba banaso.

Ufanele uye nini kugqirha?

Ukuba ubona iqhuma phantsi kolusu lwakho, okanye ufumana naziphi na iimpawu ocinga ukuba zinokuba yi-neurofibromatosis , bona ugqirha ngokukhawuleza . Kwakhona, xelela ugqirha wakho ukuba kukho umntu kusapho lwakho okhe waba nezi ntlobo zeethumba.

Umyalezo Wokugqibela Wokuya Ekhaya

Khumbula, uninzi lwee-neuroendocrine tumors azinabungozi, zikhula kancinci . Ukuba awunazo iimpawu, ugqirha wakho unokugqiba ekubeni akujonge nje. Ukuba kufuneka kususwe i-tumor, utyando ludla ngokuba yimpumelelo enkulu. Akunqabile ukuba kubekho iingxaki (ezifana nokungakwazi ukususa i-tumor ngokupheleleyo, umonakalo wemithambo-luvo) okanye ukuba i-tumor ibe ngumhlaza. Ugqirha wakho uya kukunceda uphuhlise isicwangciso sonyango kunye neshedyuli yovavanyo lwexesha elizayo ukukunceda ulawule imeko yakho. Ngoko ke ungoyiki ukuthetha nogqirha wakho ngayo nayiphi na into.

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