Mhlawumbi ukhe weva ngotyando lwentliziyo olubizwa ngokuba yi-heart bypass, akunjalo? Mhlawumbi umntu kusapho lwakho okanye umhlobo wakhe kwafuneka enze olu hlobo lotyando. Ngokwesiqhelo, xa sithetha ngotyando lwe-bypass, sicinga ngotyando olukhulu olubandakanya ukumisa intliziyo nokuyidibanisa nomatshini. Kodwa ubusazi ukuba kukwakho notyando lwe-bypass olunokwenziwa ngaphandle kokumisa intliziyo, oko kukuthi, ngelixa intliziyo isabetha? Yiloo nto siyibiza ngokuba yi-"Off-pump" bypass surgery, okanye "Beating Heart Surgery." Makhe sithethe ngale nto ngokulula namhlanje.
Kulungile, loluphi olu tyando lwe-bypass olwenziwa ngaphandle kokumisa intliziyo?
Ngamafutshane, olu luhlobo lwe-coronary artery bypass graft (CABG). Kutyando lwe-bypass, kwenziwa umthambo omtsha ukuze udlule umthambo ovalekileyo (i-coronary artery) ohambisa igazi entliziyweni. Oku kwenziwa kusetyenziswa umthambo wegazi ophilileyo (i-graft) othathwe kwenye indawo yomzimba, umzekelo, umlenze okanye isifuba.
Khawucinge nje, kukho izithuthi ezininzi endleleni, ngoko ke iimoto azihambi. Emva koko sakha indlela edlulayo ukuze siphephe ezo zithuthi. Oku kuqalisa ukujikeleza kwegazi entliziyweni kwakhona.
Kwi-bypass surgery yendabuko (On-pump CABG) , oogqirha bayayimisa intliziyo yesigulana ngokupheleleyo. Emva koko, umsebenzi wentliziyo nemiphunga wenziwa ngumatshini okhethekileyo de utyando lugqitywe. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-cardiopulmonary bypass machine. Lo matshini uthatha igazi emzimbeni, wongeze ioksijini kuwo, ukhuphe i-carbon dioxide, kwaye upompe igazi elicocekileyo libuyele emzimbeni.
Kodwa kwi-CABG engekho kwimpompo, umatshini wentliziyo nemiphunga awusetyenziswa. Ugqirha wenza utyando ngelixa intliziyo yakho ibetha . Yiyo loo nto ibizwa ngokuba lutyando "lokubetha intliziyo".
Ngubani odinga olu tyando?
Olu tyando lwenziwa ikakhulu kwizigulana ezinesifo semithambo yegazi yentliziyo (CAD). Kwi-CAD, ii-fatty deposits (i-plaque) ziyaqokelelana ngaphakathi kwimithambo yegazi yentliziyo, nto leyo enciphisa ukuhamba kwegazi. Oku kunokubangela iimpawu ezifana neentlungu zesifuba kunye nokuphefumla nzima. Ukuba le mithambo yegazi ivalekile ngokupheleleyo, umngcipheko wokuhlaselwa yintliziyo uphezulu kakhulu.
Xa isifo siba sibi kakhulu ukuba singalawuleka ngokutshintsha indlela yokuphila, amayeza, kunye nolunye unyango, oogqirha bacebisa utyando lwe-bypass. Olu tyando lunokunciphisa iimpawu, lunciphise umngcipheko wokuhlaselwa sisifo sentliziyo, kwaye lonyuse ukusinda. Ke, kwabanye abaguli abagqiba ekubeni benze utyando lwe-bypass, olu tyando lungaba lukhetho olufanelekileyo.
Uzilungiselela njani ngaphambi kotyando?
Ukuba ucwangciselwe ukwenza olu tyando, iqela lakho lezonyango liza kukunika imiyalelo yendlela yokulungiselela. Le miyalelo ingaquka:
- Ukuba uyatshaya, yeka ngoko nangoko.
- Ugqirha wakho uza kukucebisa ukuba uyeke okwethutyana ukusebenzisa amayeza athile, ingakumbi amayeza okunciphisa ukugabha kwegazi.
- Ngosuku olungaphambi kotyando, uza kuxelelwa ukuba ungatyi okanye usele nantoni na ukususela ezinzulwini zobusuku.
Ukongeza, ungenza iimvavanyo ezininzi ukuze ubone ukuba usempilweni na xa utyando:
- Uvavanyo lwegazi
- Uvavanyo lwe-X-ray yesifuba
- I-Echocardiogram (I-Echo)
- Uvavanyo lwe-ECG (i-Electrocardiogram)
- Uvavanyo olukhethekileyo olufana novavanyo loxinzelelo lwentliziyo yenyukliya
Kwenzeka ntoni ngexesha lotyando?
Ugqirha wakho uza kukuchazela ukuba kuza kwenzeka ntoni ngexesha lotyando. Nazi ezinye zezinto ezidla ngokwenzeka:
1. I-Anesthesia: Ulaliswa ngokupheleleyo kwaye ufakwe i-anesthesia ukuze ungeva ntlungu.
2. Ukuvunwa kweGraft: Inxalenye yomthambo wegazi ophilileyo ofunekayo kwi-bypass ithathwa emlenzeni wakho, engalweni, okanye esifubeni sakho esingaphakathi.
3. Ukusikwa: Kusikwa phakathi kwesifuba, kushukunyiswa ngononophelo ithambo lesifuba liye macala omabini. Ngamanye amaxesha, ngokuxhomekeke kwindawo ekuyo umbhobho ovalekileyo, kungenziwa ukusikwa okuncinci phakathi kweembambo kwicala lasekhohlo lesifuba.
4. Ukuzinzisa intliziyo: Ekubeni utyando lwenziwa ngelixa intliziyo ibetha, kusetyenziswa isixhobo esikhethekileyo esibizwa ngokuba yi-``Stabilizer`` ukubamba indawo encinci yentliziyo etyandwayo ukuze ingashukumi. Oku kuvumela ugqirha ukuba ahlale ezolile aze enze utyando ngokucacileyo.
5. I-Bypass: Ukuhamba kwegazi kwi-artery evalekileyo kuyamiswa okwethutyana, kwaye elinye icala lomthambo wegazi ophilileyo othathwe ngaphambili liqhagamshelwe kwi-aorta kwaye elinye icala kwi-artery ye-coronary engaphantsi kwe-blockage. Oku kudala i-bypass entsha.
6. Ukuvalwa: Xa umsebenzi ugqityiwe, ukuhamba kwegazi kuyeka okwethutyana, ithambo lesifuba liphinde linamathele ngeengcingo ezikhethekileyo, kwaye ulusu luyathungwa luze luvalwe.
Ingaba utyando lwesintu (oluqhutywa kwimpompo) okanye le ndlela intsha (olungasebenzi kwimpompo) ingcono?
Uphando lusaqhubeka ukuze kuchongwe ukuba yeyiphi kwezi ndlela zimbini engcono kwixesha elide. Ugqirha wakho uza kuxoxa nawe ukuba yeyiphi indlela efanelekileyo kuwe. Makhe sijonge umahluko ophambili kunye neengenelo kunye neengxaki zezi ndlela zimbini.
| Ingcali ekhethekileyo | Indlela Yendabuko (Ekwipompu) | Indlela "Yokubetha Intliziyo" (Ngaphandle kwePompo) |
|---|---|---|
| Imeko yentliziyo | Intliziyo iyayeka ukusebenza ngexesha lotyando. | Utyando lwenziwa ngelixa intliziyo ibetha. |
| Umatshini wentliziyo nemiphunga | Ukusebenzisa. | Ayisetyenziswanga. |
| Inzuzo kugqirha otyandayo | Utyando lungenziwa ngokucacileyo kuba akukho ntshukumo okanye igazi. | Inzima ngakumbi kwezobuchwepheshe. Ifuna uqeqesho olukhethekileyo. |
| Iingenelo ezinokubakho kwisigulana | Indlela eqhelekileyo, esetyenziswa rhoqo. | Ukusikwa okuncinci, ukuhlala ixesha elifutshane esibhedlele, ukuchacha ngokukhawuleza. Kunganciphisa umngcipheko weengxaki ezifana nokulahlekelwa yinkumbulo, isifo sohlangothi, kunye nosulelo. |
Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba ayinguye wonke umntu onokwenza olu tyando olungathinteli intliziyo. Kwakhona, ukuze wenze olu tyando, udinga ugqirha onamava akhethekileyo kulo.
Zithini iingozi zolu tyando?
Njengakwezinye iintlobo zotyando olukhulu, kukho iingozi ezithile ezibandakanyekayo. Nangona kunjalo, uninzi lwabantu luneziphumo eziphumelelayo. Iingozi ezinokubakho ziquka:
- Ukopha
- Amahlwili egazi (anokubangela isifo sohlangothi okanye ukuhlaselwa yintliziyo)
- Iingxaki ezibangelwa yi-anesthesia
- Iintsholongwane
- Ukubetha kwentliziyo okungaqhelekanga (i-Arrhythmia)
- Ukusilela Kwezintso
Kuthatha ixesha elingakanani ukuchacha?
Ixesha lokuchacha emva kotyando lixhomekeke kwizinto ezininzi, ezifana nobudala bakho, impilo iyonke, kunye nobungakanani besikhewu. Ngokuqhelekileyo oku kuhamba ngolu hlobo:
- Ungaqala ukuthatha ulwelo kunye nokutya okuncinci ngosuku olunye okanye ngosuku olulandelayo emva kotyando.
- Kwiintsuku zokuqala okanye ezimbini, uya kukwazi ukuhlala esitulweni ngoncedo uze uhambe kancinci.
- Kuya kufuneka uhlale esibhedlele iintsuku ezimbalwa.
- Kubalulekile ukuba nomntu oza kukunceda kwiintsuku zokuqala emva kokuba ubuyele ekhaya.
- Izititshi ziya kususwa kwiiveki ezilishumi.
- Kungcono ukungaphakamisi naziphi na iintsimbi kangangeeveki ezimbalwa.
- Kungathatha iiveki ezininzi okanye ngaphezulu ukuze umntu aphile ngokupheleleyo.
- Oogqirha baya kukucebisa ukuba uthathe inxaxheba kwinkqubo yokuvuselela intliziyo ukuze wakhe kwakhona amandla akho.
Kuxa kutheni apho kufuneka ufune ingcebiso yezonyango ngokukhawuleza?
Ngexesha lokuchacha kwakho, kuya kufuneka utyelele ikliniki ngeentsuku ezicwangcisiweyo uze ubone ugqirha wakho. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba ufumanisa naziphi na iimpawu ezilandelayo, fowunela ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko okanye uye kwiSebe leNgxamiseko (ETU) lesibhedlele esikufutshane.
| Iimpawu ekufuneka uziqaphele |
|---|
| Intlungu yesifuba okanye intlungu yesisu engapheliyo. |
| Ukuziva ubanda okanye ubila kakhulu. |
| Imvakalelo yokuba ithambo lesifuba lishukuma okanye lenza isandi esithi "ukunqakraza". |
| Ukubetha kwentliziyo ngokukhawuleza okanye ngokungangqalanga. |
| Isicaphucaphu okanye ukuhlanza. |
| Ubunzima bokuphefumla. |
| Iimpawu zosulelo (umkhuhlane, ukubomvu kufutshane nendawo etyumkileyo, ukudumba, ukuphuma kobofu). |
| Ukunyuka kobunzima ngequbuliso (ngaphezulu kwe-2 kg ngeveki). |
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Utyando lwe-bypass olungasebenziyo luluhlobo olukhethekileyo lotyando lwe-bypass olwenziwa kwintliziyo ebethayo ngaphandle kokuyimisa intliziyo.
- Ezinye izigulana zingazuza kule ndlela, njengokunciphisa ixesha lokuhlala esibhedlele, ukuchacha ngokukhawuleza, kunye nokunciphisa umngcipheko weengxaki ezithile.
- Olu tyando alufanelekanga kubo bonke abaguli. Kubalulekile ukufumanisa ukuba isigulana siyafaneleka na kwaye ingaba ugqirha wotyando uqeqeshwe ngokukhethekileyo kulo.
- Ukuba udinga utyando lwe-bypass, thetha nogqirha wakho wentliziyo nokuba indlela yendabuko (ekwipompo) okanye le ndlela (engekho kwipompo) ikulungele na.
- Ukulandela imiyalelo yezonyango ngononophelo emva kotyando kubalulekile ukuze uphile ngokukhawuleza nangendlela ephumelelayo.
💬 Comments (0)
No comments yet. Be the first to share your thoughts here.
Add Your Comment