Ngaba amadolo akho ayabuhlungu xa uvuka ebhedini kusasa? Okanye ngaba uqaqanjelwa ngumqolo ngokuhlwa emva kokuhlala esitulweni imini yonke? Mhlawumbi ujije iqatha lakho ngelixa udlala imidlalo, kwaye intlungu ayikapheli? Sonke siva iintlungu nokungonwabi emizimbeni yethu, emathanjeni, emalungwini, nakwizihlunu zethu ngaxa lithile ebomini bethu. Ngoko ke, namhlanje siza kuthetha ngokweenkcukacha malunga nokuba ngubani kanye kanye ugqirha esifanele simfumane ngexesha elinje, kunye nendlela anokusinceda ngayo.
Ngubani kanye kanye uGqirha wamathambo?
Ngamafutshane, lo ngugqirha ogxile kwizifo kunye neengxaki ezinxulumene nenkqubo yemisipha yomzimba wethu, oko kukuthi, amathambo, amalungu, kunye nemisipha. Ngamanye amaxesha sibabiza ngokuba 'ngoogqirha bamathambo'. NgesiNgesi, le ngcali ikwabizwa ngokuba yi-'Orthopedic Surgeon' okanye 'Orthopedicist'.
Zigxila kakhulu kwiingxaki ezenzeka 'kwiSistim yeMisculoskeletal' yomzimba wethu, oko kukuthi, inkqubo yamathambo nemisipha. Makhe sibone ukuba yintoni emele le nkqubo.
- Amathambo: Luphahla olunika imizimba yethu imo namandla.
- Amalunga: Iindawo apho amathambo adibana khona (umz. idolo, ingqiniba).
- I-Cartilage: Igqubuthelo eligudileyo nelikhuselayo elithintela amathambo ukuba angakhuhlani emalungeni.
- Iiligamenti: Izicubu eziqinileyo ezidibanisa amathambo kunye neziqinisa amalungu.
- Izihlunu: Izihlunu ezinceda umzimba ukuba ushukume.
- Imisipha: Izicubu eziqinileyo ezidibanisa izihlunu namathambo.
- Iimithambo-luvo: Yinkqubo ethwala imiqondiso esuka ebuchotsheni emzimbeni wonke. Ngamanye amaxesha, iimithambo-luvo zinokuxinana ngenxa yeengxaki zamathambo okanye amalungu.
Umsebenzi ophambili waba gqirha abaziingcali kukusombulula nayiphi na intlungu, ukuphazamiseka, okanye imeko eyenzeka naphi na kule nkqubo kwaye ikuncede uqalise imisebenzi yakho yemihla ngemihla ngaphandle kwentlungu.
Ziziphi iimeko zonyango eziqhelekileyo ezinyangwa ngaba gqirha?
Uluhlu lwezifo ezinyangwa ngoogqirha bamathambo lubanzi kakhulu. Ziqala kwiingxaki zokuzalwa, ukuya ekwenzakaleni okubangelwa ziingozi, ukuya kwiimeko ezikhula njengoko sikhula. Makhe sijonge ezinye zezona zibalulekileyo.
| Isifo/ingxaki | Ingcaciso elula |
|---|---|
| Isifo samathambo | Ukudumba kunye nentlungu yamalungu. I-osteoarthritis, imeko ebangelwa kukuguguleka kwamalungu, ixhaphakile, ingakumbi njengoko sikhula. |
| Ukuqhekeka kwamathambo | Ithambo elaphukileyo okanye elaphukileyo ngenxa yokuwa, ingozi, njl. Sikwabiza oku ngokuthi 'kukwaphuka'. |
| Ukulimala kwezemidlalo | Ukukrazuka kwemisipha (umz. ukukrazuka kwe-ACL), ukukrazuka kwemisipha, ukukruquka, njl.njl. okwenzeka ngexesha lemidlalo. |
| Intlungu yomqolo nentamo | Intlungu ebangelwa zizizathu ezahlukeneyo, ezifana nokuma ngendlela engafanelekanga kunye nokuwa kwediski. |
| Iziphene zokuzalwa | Iingxaki zamathambo ezibakho xa umntwana ezalwa, ezifana ne-clubfoot kunye ne-hip dysplasia. |
| Iithumba zamathambo kunye nezicubu ezithambileyo | Izimila ezinomhlaza okanye ezingezizo zomhlaza ezikhula emathanjeni okanye kwizicubu ezithambileyo ezifana nezihlunu kunye nemisipha. |
| I-Scoliosis | Ukugoba komqolo ecaleni. |
| I-Tendinitis | Ukudumba kunye nentlungu kwimisipha. |
Ngaba ingcali yeRheumatologist kunye nengcali yotyando lwamathambo ziyafana? Yintoni umahluko?
Le yinto abantu abaninzi abadideka ngayo. 'Ingcali yeRheumatologist' kunye 'neNgcali yeMithambo' ngabantu ababini abahlukeneyo. Nangona bobabini benyanga izifo ezinxulumene namathambo, amalungu kunye nezihlunu, indlela abajonga ngayo ingxaki kunye neendlela zonyango zahlukile.
Ngamafutshane, uGqirha wamathambo wenza utyando, kodwa ingcali yeRheumatologist ayenzi njalo.
Masiwuqonde kakuhle lo mahluko.
| Uthelekiso | Ugqirha wamathambo | Ingcali yeRheumatologist |
|---|---|---|
| Utyando | Ewe , unyango lotyando nolungelulo lotyando lwenziwa. | Hayi , ikakhulu amayeza kunye nolunye unyango olungelulo utyando luyabonelelwa. |
| Ingqwalasela ephambili | Iingxaki zoomatshini ezifana nokwenzakala, iingozi, iziphene zokuzalwa, kunye neengxaki zamalungu. | Izifo zenkqubo yomzimba zizifo ezichaphazela umzimba wonke ngenxa yeengxaki zenkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela. |
| Imizekelo | Ukwaphuka kwamalungu omzimba, i-osteoarthritis, ukwenzakala kwezemidlalo, iingxaki zomqolo. | Isifo samathambo, iLupus, iVasculitis. |
Kodwa ezi ntlobo zimbini zeengcali zihlala zisebenzisana. Umzekelo, ukuba une-rheumatoid arthritis, ingcali ye-rheumatologist iya kukunika amayeza okulawula imeko yakho. Kodwa ukuba idolo lakho ligugile kakhulu ngenxa yesi sifo, ungathunyelwa kugqirha wamathambo ukuze kwenziwe utyando lokutshintsha amalungu.
Ngaba kukho ezinye izinto ezikhethekileyo kwizifo zamathambo?
Ewe. Ngokuqinisekileyo. Njengakweminye imimandla yezonyango, kukho izifundo ezinzulu ngakumbi kwizifo zamathambo namalungu. Ukongeza kwingcali yamathambo ngokubanzi, abanye oogqirha bafumana uqeqesho olongezelelekileyo kwicandelo elithile .
- Utyando lweenyawo namaqatha: Lugxile kwiingxaki ezinzima ezenzeka ezinyaweni zethu.
- Utyando lwesandla kunye nolwesinqe esingaphezulu: Iingxaki ezinxulumene nesandla, isihlahla, ingqiniba, kunye negxalaba.
- Ukutshintshwa kwamalungu: Iingcali zokufakelwa kwamalungu agugileyo njengomqolo wesinqe nedolo ngotyando.
- Utyando lwamathambo lwabantwana: Unyango lweengxaki zenkqubo yamathambo yabantwana abancinci kunye nabantwana abasakhulayo.
- Utyando lomqolo: Iingcali zonyango lweemeko ezinzima zomqolo nentamo.
- Unyango lwezemidlalo: Ubuchule ekuthinteleni nasekunyangeni ukwenzakala kwabadlali.
- I-Orthopedic Oncology: Unyango lwee-tumor ezinomhlaza ezenzeka emathanjeni nakwizicubu ezithambileyo.
- Ukulimala kwamathambo: Unyango lwamathambo aqhekekileyo antsonkothileyo kunye nokwenzakala okubangelwe ziingozi ezinzulu.
Ufanele ubonane nini nengcali yamathambo namalungu?
Ukuba uqhubeka nokuba nenye okanye ngaphezulu kwezi mpawu zilandelayo, kubaluleke kakhulu ukubonana nogqirha oqhelekileyo, kwaye ukuba kuyimfuneko, uthunyelwe kwingcali yamathambo namalungu.
| Uphawu | Oku kunokuthetha ukuthini |
|---|---|
| Isandi sokuqhuqha okanye sokusila xa kushukunyiswa ilungu | Kusenokubakho ukuguguleka kwe-cartilage kwilungu okanye ingxaki nge-ligament. |
| Intlungu, ukudumba, kunye nokubomvu kwamalungu | Isenokuba luphawu lwesifo sokuvuvukala esifana ne-arthritis. |
| Ukungaziva okanye ukurhawuzelela kwamalungu | Oku kunokwenzeka ngenxa yokucinezelwa kwemithambo-luvo yidiski yethambo okanye i-cartilage. |
| Ubunzima bokuhamba ngenxa yentlungu | Izinto ezinje ngokungakwazi ukuphakamisa amahlombe okanye ukugoba amadolo zibonisa ukukhubazeka. |
| Ukuqina kwamalungu ekuseni | Ukuba unengxaki yokugoba nokwandisa amalungu akho okwethutyana emva kokuvuka, oko kusenokuba luphawu lwe-arthritis. |
Kwenzeka ntoni ngosuku lokuqala oya kugqirha?
Kuqhelekile ukuba novalo xa usiya kugqirha oyingcali. Kodwa ukwazi into omawuyilindele kwangaphambili kunokunceda ekunciphiseni olo loyiko. Nazi ezinye zezinto ezenzeka rhoqo ngexesha lakho lokuqala lokubonana nogqirha.
1. Ukuthetha ngeempawu zakho: Ugqirha uza kukubuza imibuzo emininzi, kuquka ukuba intlungu yakho ingakanani, ukuba sele uyifumene ixesha elingakanani, ukuba iba mandundu nini, ukuba zeziphi ezinye iindlela ozithathelayo amayeza, umsebenzi wakho, kunye nendlela ophila ngayo.
2. Uvavanyo lomzimba: Ilungu okanye inxalenye yomzimba ebuhlungu iyahlolwa. Ingagotywa, yolulwe, kwaye ihanjiswe ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo.
3. Uphando: Usenokucelwa ukuba wenze into efana ne-X-ray ukuze uqonde ingxaki echanekileyo. Ngamanye amaxesha, ukuba kufuneka iinkcukacha ezithe vetshe, unokucetyiswa ukuba wenze i-CT scan okanye i-MRI scan.
4. Uxilongo kunye noNyango: Uninzi lwexesha, ngokusekelwe kolu lwazi, ugqirha uza kuchaza imeko yakho aze achaze isicwangciso sonyango esikufaneleyo. Nangona kunjalo, ngamanye amaxesha uxilongo oluqinisekileyo lunokwenziwa kuphela emva kokuba iziphumo zovavanyo, ezifana ne-MRI, zifunyenwe.
Xa ndisiya kugqirha wamathambo, ngaba kufuneka ndityandwe?
Olu lolona loyiko luphambili abantu abaninzi abanalo. Kodwa impendulo ithi 'hayi' . Ugqirha wamathambo akangomntu owenza utyando nje kuphela, kodwa bakwangochwephesha kunyango olungelulo utyando.
Khumbula, ukubona ugqirha wamathambo akuthethi ukuba utyando lusoloko lukhona. Kwiimeko ezininzi, unyango olungelulo utyando lunokubonelela ngoncedo oluphumelelayo.
Ngokubanzi, ngaphandle kwakwimeko yokwenzakala okukhulu okanye iziphene ezithile zokuzalwa, oogqirha baya kusoloko bezama unyango olungelulo utyando kuqala. Kuphela xa olo nyango lungaphumeleli ukuvelisa iziphumo eziphumelelayo apho utyando luza kuqwalaselwa khona.
Ngoko ke, zithini iindlela zonyango ezingasebenzisi utyando?
- Ukunxiba izixhobo ezikhethekileyo: Izinto ezifana neebraces, iislings, iplaster of Paris (casts) okanye iisplint ezinceda ilungu ukuba lihlale lizinzile kwaye liphile.
- Iinaliti zeJoint: Ukujova amayeza e-steroid, anjenge-cortisone, kwijoint ukunciphisa iintlungu nokudumba.
- Amayeza: Iintlungu (umz. i-paracetamol, i-ibuprofen), iziphumzi zemisipha, njl.
- Unyango Lomzimba: Uqheliso oluthile lokuqinisa izihlunu, ukwandisa uluhlu lokushukuma kwamalungu, kunye nokunciphisa iintlungu.
- Unyango Lomsebenzi: Uqeqesho kwindlela yokwenza imisebenzi yemihla ngemihla ngokulula (njengokunxiba, ukupheka) nangona kukho intlungu.
- Unyango lwe-PRP (unyango lwe-plasma olutyebileyo ngeeplatelet): Indlela yonyango yanamhlanje esebenzisa iiplatelets ezivela egazini lesigulana ukukhawulezisa ukuphiliswa kwezicubu ezonakeleyo.
- Ii-Orthotics: Ii-inserts ezenzelwe ngokukodwa ezifakwa ngaphakathi kwezihlangu ukulungisa indawo yonyawo nokunciphisa uxinzelelo enyaweni xa uhamba.
Loluphi uhlobo lotyando oluqhutywa ngaba gqirha?
Ukuba utyando luyimfuneko, kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zotyando ezinokwenziwa ngokwemeko yakho.
Utyando lokutshintshwa kwamalungu
- Ukutshintshwa kwesinqe ngokupheleleyo
- Ukutshintshwa kwedolo elipheleleyo nelingenanxalenye
- Ukutshintshwa kwamagxa ngokupheleleyo
Utyando lwezandla kunye nemilenze engentla
- Utyando lwe-carpal tunnel syndrome (ukukhululwa kwe-Carpal tunnel)
- Ukulungiswa kokukrazula kwe-Rotator cuff (utyando lwe-Rotator cuff)
- Utyando lweminwe olubangela uqhushumbo
Utyando lomqolo
- Utyando lokunciphisa uxinzelelo lwemithambo-luvo (ukususwa koxinzelelo lomqolo, i-Laminectomy)
- Ukudibana komqolo
Utyando lokwenzakala kwezemidlalo
- Utyando lweMeniscus
- Ukulungiswa kwe-Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL)
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Ugqirha wamathambo yingcali eqeqeshwe kakhulu enyanga iingxaki ezinxulumene namathambo ethu, amalungu kunye nemisipha.
- Ukuya kubo akuthethi ukuba kufuneka utyando rhoqo. Kukho unyango oluninzi olungenalo utyando olufumanekayo, olufana nonyango lomzimba, amayeza, kunye neenaliti.
- Ukuba unentlungu yamalungu ixesha elide, ukudumba, ukuqina, okanye ubunzima bokuhamba, musa ukulibazisa ukufuna ingcebiso kagqirha.
- Ukuthetha ngokukhululekileyo nogqirha wakho malunga neempawu zakho, indlela ophila ngayo, kunye nolindelo lwakho kubalulekile ukuze kuqinisekiswe isicwangciso sonyango esifanelekileyo.
- Ngonyango olufanelekileyo, nawe ungaphila ubomi obungenazintlungu nobusebenzayo.
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