Ngaba wakha waziva unesiyezi xa ugqirha ekunika iphepha aze athi, "Nantsi ingxelo yakho?" Kuqhelekile ukuba noloyiko xa ungakwazi nokuqonda ukuba amanye amagama akulo athetha ukuthini. Kwenzeka kubantu abaninzi. Ngoko ke ungoyiki. Namhlanje sithetha ngengxelo yezonyango ebaluleke kakhulu oyifumanayo ngexesha elinje, "Ingxelo yePathology". Masifunde kunye indlela yokuyiqonda ngendlela elula.
Ngamafutshane, yintoni iNgxelo yePathology?
Kulula kakhulu. Khawucinge ukuba kuthathwa isampulu encinci yomzimba wakho (umzekelo, iqhuma elincinci eluswini lwakho, isampulu yegazi, okanye olunye ulwelo lomzimba) ukuze kuvavanywe. Oku kukwabizwa ngokuba yi-"Biopsy".
Ingcali ihlola icandelo elincinci elithathwe ngolu hlobo phantsi kwe-microscope. Sibiza le ngcali ngokuba yi-pathologist. Ifana nomcuphi. Ijonga iiseli ezikwelo candelo lincinci kwaye ifunda izinto ezininzi, ezinje ngemilo yazo, ubungakanani bazo, kunye nendlela ezihlanganiswe ngayo.
Emva koko, ubhala inkcazo yayo yonke into ayibonileyo. Loo nkcazo yinto esiyibiza ngokuba yi-"Pathology Report." Oko kukuthi, le yingxelo eneenkcukacha ebhalwe ngugqirha okhethekileyo malunga neeseli kunye nezicubu kwisampuli ethathwe emzimbeni wakho .
Le ngxelo ichaza oku kulandelayo ikakhulu:
- Isampuli yathathwa yaza yalungiswa njani? - Oko kukuthi, ingaba yathathwa ngotyando okanye ngokufunxwa ngenaliti, ngaba yagcinwa kwinto efana ne-"formalin", kwaye ngaba iiseli zadaywa ukuze kube lula ukuzibona?
- Iiseli kunye nezicubu zibonakala njani xa zijongwa ngemakroskopu? - Ngaba iiseli ziqhelekile, okanye zinkulu ngokungaqhelekanga okanye zitshintshile imilo?
- Zingaphi iiseli, iiproteni, njl.njl. ezikhoyo? - Ingaba inani liphezulu okanye liphantsi kunesiqhelo?
- Ngaba kukho iintsholongwane? - Nokuba isampulu inayo nayiphi na intsholongwane evela ngaphandle, njengeebhaktheriya, iintsholongwane, okanye iifungi.
Lithetha ukuthini igama elithi 'Pathology'?
I-Pathology luphando lwezifo, izizathu zazo, kunye nendlela ezichaphazela ngayo imizimba yethu. Ukuba kuthathwa isampulu yolwelo okanye izicubu emzimbeni wakho ukuze zivavanywe, ithunyelwa kwiLabhoratri yePathology. Iingcali apho ziyayihlola ukuze zibone ukuba ingaba ibangela isifo na.
`(I-Pathology)` isinceda ngezinto ezifana nezi:
- Chonga izifo kunye neemeko zempilo, zibeke esweni , kwaye ufumanise ezinye izifo kwangethuba (ukuhlolwa).
- Khetha indlela yonyango efanelekileyo kuwe.
- Fumana umbono wendlela eza kwenzeka ngayo esi sifo kwixesha elizayo (ukuxela kwangaphambili).
- Vavanya umngcipheko wokufumana izifo ezithile. Umzekelo, uvavanyo lwemfuza ukujonga utshintsho lwemfuza olunokubangela umhlaza.
Ngawaphi amathuba okuba ufumane ingxelo yePathology?
Sisoloko sicinga "ngengxelo yesifo" njengento eza emva "kwe-biopsy" ukujonga umhlaza. Kodwa eneneni, sifumana ezi ngxelo kwiimeko ezininzi ngaphezu koko. Le ngxelo yenziwa phantse ngalo lonke ixesha xa kuthathwa isampulu emzimbeni ize ivavanywe ukuze kufunyanwe nayiphi na imeko, kungekuphela nje umhlaza.
Nantsi eminye imizekelo:
| Igama lovavanyo/lenkqubo | Ingcaciso elula |
|---|---|
| I-Biopsy | Ukuthatha iqhekeza elincinci lesicwili emzimbeni ukuze lihlolwe (umz., ithumba lolusu, iqhuma elisebeleni). |
| Uvavanyo lwegazi | Jonga iiseli kunye neekhemikhali ezisegazini. |
| I-Colonoscopy | Ukuhlola iisampulu ezincinci zezicubu (iipolyps) ezithathwe ngexesha lovavanyo kusetyenziswa ikhamera ngaphakathi kumathumbu amakhulu. |
| I-Endoscopy (i-Endoscopy / i-EGD) | Ukuhlola iisampulu zezicubu ezithathwe ngexesha lokuhlolwa kwesisu kunye nomqala. |
| Iinxalenye zisusiwe ngotyando | Umzekelo, ukuhlola inyongo, isibeleko, inxalenye yebele (i-lumpectomy) okanye lonke ibele (i-mastectomy) emva kokuba zisusiwe. |
| Uvavanyo lolwelo lomzimba | Ukukhangela iintsholongwane okanye ezinye izinto ezingaqhelekanga kumchamo, kwindle, kwi-sputum, njl. |
Oko kuthetha ukuba, ukuba kukho naliphi na ilungu lomzimba wakho elithunyelwayo ukuze livavanywe, kwenziwa ingxelo ethi "Pathology Report" ngenxa yalo.
Zeziphi iindawo eziphambili zeNgxelo yePathology? Makhe sijonge!
Kulungile, ngoku makhe sijonge iindawo zale ngxelo ezifundwa ngamagama angaqhelekanga. Ayizizo zonke iingxelo ekufuneka zibe nazo zonke ezi ndawo. Kodwa ezi zezinye zezona ndawo zixhaphakileyo.
| Inxalenye yengxelo | Intsingiselo nje |
|---|---|
| Inkqubo | Indlela ethathwe ngayo le sampuli emzimbeni wakho. (umz. 'Excision Biopsy', 'Colonoscopy with Polypectomy'). |
| Inkcazo iyonke | Inkcazo yendlela isampuli enokubonakala ngayo ngokucacileyo ngugqirha ochwephesha, ngaphandle kokusebenzisa imakroskopu. Izinto ezifana nombala wayo, ubunzima bayo, kunye nobukhulu bayo zibhaliwe apha. |
| Inkcazo yeMicroscopic | Le yeyona ntsingiselo iphambili yengxelo. Ichaza indlela ezibonakala ngayo iiseli phantsi kwe-microscope . Le nxalenye imisela ukuba iiseli ziqhelekile, aziqhelekanga, okanye zineeseli zomhlaza. |
| Imida | Ukuba ithumba elinomhlaza lisusiwe, eli sisicwili esiphilileyo esijikeleze ithumba.Imida 'elungileyo' ithetha ukuba ithumba lisusiwe ngokupheleleyo kwaye akukho ziseli zomhlaza ezikwimida. Imida 'elungileyo' ithetha ukuba kusenokuba kukho iiseli zomhlaza ezikwimida, ngoko ke kunokufuneka unyango olongezelelweyo. |
| Inqanaba kunye neBanga | Oku kubaluleke kakhulu kwiingxelo zomhlaza. Inqanaba libonisa ukuba umhlaza usasazeke kangakanani emzimbeni. Inqanaba libonisa ukuba iiseli zomhlaza zahluke kangakanani kwiiseli eziphilileyo. |
| Ithumba | Iiswabhu ziyavavanywa ukuze kubonwe ukuba umhlaza usasazekile na. 'I-positive' ithetha ukuba kukho iiseli zomhlaza kwiiswabhu. 'I-negative' ithetha ukuba akukho ziseli zomhlaza. |
| Iziphumo zeMolekyuli | Uvavanyo olukhangela utshintsho oluthile lwemfuza (iinguqu) kwezinye iiseli zomhlaza. Ezi ziphumo zinokunceda ekumiseleni unyango oluthile. |
| Uxilongo | Esi sisigqibo sokugqibela . Inxalenye apho ingcali ichaza ukuba siyintoni na esi sifo ngokusekelwe kulo lonke olu lwazi. (Umzekelo: 'Isifo segastritis esingapheliyo', 'Isifo se-Invasive Ductal Carcinoma'). |
| Iingcebiso | Ngamanye amaxesha, ingcali ingenza ingcebiso malunga nento ekufuneka yenziwe ngokulandelayo (umz. 'I-colonoscopy yokulandelela kwiminyaka emi-3'). |
Kuthatha ixesha elingakanani ukuba ingxelo ifike?
Kudla ngokuthatha iintsuku ezimbalwa ukuya kwiveki okanye ngaphezulu ukufumana "iNgxelo yePathology". Oku kungenxa yokuba kuthatha ixesha ukulungiselela isampulu ngokufanelekileyo, ukuyihlola, nokubhala ingxelo. Ngamanye amaxesha, ukuba kufuneka uvavanyo olukhethekileyo, kunokuthatha ixesha elide.
Ungabuza ugqirha wakho ukuba kuza kuthatha ixesha elingakanani ukuba iziphumo zibuye.Kodwa ungoyiki ukuba kudlule ixesha elide kunokuba bekulindelwe. Akusoloko kuthetha into embi.
Siyazi ukuba kunzima kangakanani ukulinda iziphumo ezinje. Ngeli xesha, zama ukujika ingqondo yakho iye kwenye into. Yenza into oyithandayo, thetha nosapho lwakho kunye nabahlobo. Musa ukuthwala umthwalo engqondweni yakho wedwa.
Kuza kwenzeka ntoni ukuba kukho into engaqhelekanga kwingxelo?
Ukuba kukho naziphi na iziphumo ezingaqhelekanga okanye ezingalindelekanga kwingxelo, ugqirha wakho uza kuchaza into ekufuneka ayenze ngokulandelayo, kuxhomekeke kwinto efunyenwe yingcali kunye neendlela onokukhetha kuzo unyango.
Ukufunda "iNgxelo yePathology" kufana nokujonga imephu yesixeko ongazange uye kuso. La mazwi angaqhelekanga, kwaye awukwazi ukuqonda apho iindlela zikhokelela khona. Kodwa ugqirha wakho nguye owaziyo indlela yokufunda loo mephu. Uza kusebenzisa loo mephu ukuqonda ukuxilongwa kwakho aze acebe eyona ndlela ilungileyo yonyango kuwe.
Ngoko ke, buza ugqirha wakho imibuzo ude wazi ngokupheleleyo iziphumo zengxelo yakho kunye nendlela eziya kukuchaphazela ngayo. Kunye, ninokucwangcisa ikamva lenu.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- "Ingxelo yePathology" luphononongo olunzulu lweeseli emzimbeni wakho. Musa ukoyika amagama antsonkothileyo.
- Endaweni yokuzama ukuqonda yonke into ekwingxelo, icandelo elithi 'Uxilongo' kunye nengcaciso kagqirha wakho zezona zinto zibalulekileyo.
- Kungumbono omhle ukufunda inqaku elinje uze uzifundise ngaphambi kokuba uthethe nogqirha wakho. Kodwa ungaze wenze izigqibo ngokusekelwe kulwazi olukwi-intanethi.
- Ungaze woyike ukubuza ugqirha wakho imibuzo. Akukho nto imbi ngokubuza uthi, "Ungandicacisela oku kwakhona ukuze ndiqonde?" Buza ude ucacelwe ngokupheleleyo.
- Le ngxelo ayisiyonto yokukoyikisa. Sisixhobo esibaluleke kakhulu esiya kukunceda ufumane unyango olufanelekileyo.
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