Ngaba nawe uva iintlungu emilenzeni yakho, ingakumbi xa uhamba umgama omfutshane? Ngaba iintlungu ziyaphela xa uyeka okwethutyana uze uphinde uhambe? Okanye uvuka ebusuku unentlungu emilenzeni yakho? Ezi zisenokungabi zezinye iintlungu eziqhelekileyo zomlenze. Isizathu soku kusenokuba kukuvaleka komthambo wegazi ophambili ohambisa igazi emilenzeni yakho. Namhlanje, siza kuthetha ngePeripheral Artery Bypass, utyando olukhulu olwenzelwe oku.
Ngamafutshane, yintoni iPeripheral Artery Bypass?
Olu lutyando. Olu tyando lubandakanya ukudala indlela entsha yokuhamba kwegazi ukuze kudlule umthambo ovalekileyo okanye oxinanisiweyo emlenzeni wakho (okanye ngamanye amaxesha ingalo yakho).
Khawucinge nje. Kukho ingxinano enkulu yezithuthi endleleni oqhele ukuhamba ngayo, kwaye indlela ivaliwe ngokupheleleyo. Ngoku awukwazi ukuya phambili. Benza ntoni ke abakhi beendlela? Bakha indlela entsha edlulayo ukuze baphephe izithuthi. Yile ndlela olu tyando lusebenza ngayo.
I-cholesterol kunye namanye amafutha aqokelelana kwimithambo yegazi yomzimba wethu, nto leyo eyenza "umaleko wamafutha." Kwizonyango, oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-plaque . Ekuhambeni kwexesha, olu maleko wamafutha luyakhula luze luvale imithambo yegazi. Le meko siyibiza ngokuba yi-Peripheral Artery Disease (PAD) . Xa olu hambo lwegazi luvalekile, izicubu ezisemilenzeni yakho azifumani ioksijini kunye nezondlo ezizidingayo. Kulapho ugqirha edala khona indlela entsha yokuhamba kwegazi (i-graft) ngokudibanisa imithambo engaphezulu nangaphantsi kovalo.
Ngubani ngokwenene ofuna utyando lwe-bypass?
Olu tyando alulungelanga wonke umntu. Ugqirha wakho uza kuqala azame ukulawula imeko yakho ngamayeza kunye notshintsho kwindlela ophila ngayo (njengokuyeka ukutshaya kunye nokuzilolonga). Nangona kunjalo, utyando luqwalaselwa kuphela ukuba akukho nanye kwezi zinto isebenzayo kwaye ukuba inxalenye enkulu yomthambo wakho wegazi ivalekile kakhulu.
Ukuba unezi mpawu zilandelayo, ugqirha wakho angacebisa olu tyando.
| Uphawu | Ingcaciso elula |
|---|---|
| Intlungu yomlenze xa uhamba okanye ebusuku | Xa ndihamba umgama omfutshane, ndiva intlungu efana nokuba iinwele zam ziyatsalwa. Iyaphela xa ndiyeka. Xa ndilala ebusuku, imilenze yam iyaqaqamba, ngoko ke ubuthongo bam buyaphazamiseka. |
| Amanxeba emilenzeni angapholiyo | Kwanesilonda esincinci emlenzeni, ingakumbi ezinzwaneni okanye ezithendeni, sithatha ixesha elide ukuphola. Oku kwenzeka ngenxa yokungahambi kakuhle kwegazi. |
| Ukufa kwezicubu (iGangrene) | Xa ukuhamba kwegazi kuyeka ngokupheleleyo, ulusu kunye nezicubu ezikuloo ndawo ziqala ukufa. Ulusu luba mnyama kwaye ulahlekelwa yimvakalelo. Le yimeko eyingozi kakhulu. |
Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba olu tyando lwenzelwe abantu abaneSifo seMithambo yePeripheral Artery Disease (PAD) esiphucuke kakhulu. Oku kuthetha ukuba ukuba utyando lukwinqanaba elibi kakhulu. Kodwa ungakhathazeki, esi sesona sisombululo sisebenzayo kulo.
Kwenzeka ntoni ngaphambi kotyando?
Ugqirha wakho wemithambo yegazi uza kuyalela iimvavanyo ezininzi ukuze aqinisekise imeko yakho ngaphambi kotyando.
- I-ECG (i-Electrocardiogram): Jonga ukusebenza kwentliziyo.
- I-Ultrasound Scan: Ukufumanisa indlela igazi elihamba ngayo kakuhle kwimithambo yegazi kunye nokuba kukho iindawo ezivalekileyo.
- Uvavanyo lwegazi: Jonga izinto ezifana nesifo seswekile kunye namanqanaba e-cholesterol.
- Uvavanyo loxinzelelo: Jonga indlela intliziyo yakho esabela ngayo xa uzilolonga.
Kunye nezi mvavanyo, kukho into enye ebalulekileyo ekufuneka uyenze. Ukuba uyatshaya, yeka ukutshaya ngoko nangoko. Oku kuya kukunceda kakhulu ukunciphisa umngcipheko weengxaki emva kotyando.
Ngosuku olungaphambi kotyando, ugqirha wakho uza kukunika le miyalelo:
- Amanye amayeza (ingakumbi lawo athintela ukujiya kwegazi) anokufuneka ayekiswe okwethutyana.
- Bathi musa ukutya okanye ukusela nantoni na emva kwezinzulwini zobusuku ngobusuku bangaphambi kotyando.
Kwenzeka ntoni ngexesha lotyando?
Ngenxa yokuba olu lutyando olukhulu, ingcali yokubulala iintlungu iza kukwenza ulale ngokupheleleyo ukuze ungeva ntlungu. Emva koko ugqirha uza kulandela la manyathelo:
1. Ukusikwa: Ukusikwa kabini okumalunga ne-intshi ezi-4-8 ubude kwenziwa ngaphezulu nangaphantsi komthambo wegazi ovalekileyo.
2. Ukuthatha umthambo ukuze udlule (iGraft):I-bypass entsha ifuna umthambo. Lo mthambo uhlala uphilile uvela emlenzeni wakho. Okanye kusetyenziswa iplastiki okanye i-graft yelaphu. Ukuba usebenzisa umthambo wakho, kuya kufuneka wenze olunye utyando oluncinci ukuze uwufumane.
3. Ukudala indlela entsha: I-graft ithungelwa kumthambo wegazi oyintloko, elinye icala lingaphezulu kwendawo evalekileyo kwaye elinye icala lingaphantsi kwendawo evalekileyo. Igazi ngoku liyakwazi ukudlula indawo evalekileyo lize lihambe kule ndlela intsha.
4. Ukuvala amanxeba: Okokugqibela, amanxeba avalwa ngezititshi okanye ngeestaple.
Lonke olu tyando lungathatha naphi na ukusuka kwiiyure ezimbini ukuya kwezintandathu, kuxhomekeke kubude bomthambo ovalekileyo kunye nobunzima botyando.
Yintoni onokuyilindela emva kotyando?
Emva kotyando, uza kudluliselwa kwigumbi, apho abasebenzi bezonyango baza kuhlala bekujonga oku kulandelayo:
- Ukubetha kwentliziyo yakho, uxinzelelo lwegazi, ubushushu, kunye nokuphefumla kwakho zihlala zijongwa.
- Bahlala bejonga ukuba umlenze owenziwe utyando ujikeleza kakuhle na igazi.
- Iipilisi zokunciphisa iintlungu zinikwa ukulawula iintlungu.
Xa ubuyela ekhaya uvela esibhedlele, ugqirha uza kukunika amayeza aliqela oza kuqhubeka uwasebenzisa.
- IiStatins: Lawula i-cholesterol.
- I-Aspirin okanye i-Clopidogrel: Ithintela ukuqhekeka kwegazi.
Iingenelo kunye neengozi zotyando
Njengalo naluphi na utyando, olu luneengenelo kunye neengozi ezithile.
| Iingenelo | Iingozi/Iingxaki |
|---|---|
| Iintlungu zomlenze kunye neempawu ezingaphucukanga ngonyango oluthile ziyanyamalala. | Amahlwili egazi. |
| Amanxeba emilenze aqala ukuphola ngokukhawuleza. | Usulelo lwamanxeba okugquma. |
| Umngcipheko wokuba umlenze unqunyulwe ngenxa yeemeko ezinzima ezifana nokubola kwesikhumba uyasuswa. | Ukopha kakhulu. |
| Iziphumo zihlala ixesha elide. I-bypass isasebenza kakuhle kwi-60%-85% yamatyala emva kweminyaka emi-5 emva kotyando. | Ukonakala kwemithambo-luvo ngexesha lotyando. |
| Umgangatho wobomi uphucuka kakhulu. | Ukuhlaselwa yintliziyo (ngepesenti encinci). |
Khumbula, uninzi lwabantu alubi neengxaki ezinkulu, kodwa abantu abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-70 ubudala kunye nabo banezinye izifo (ezifana nesifo seswekile okanye isifo sezintso) basengozini enkulu kancinci.
Izinto ekufuneka ziqwalaselwe ngexesha lokuchacha nasemva kokubuyela ekhaya
Kungathatha malunga neeveki ezi-6 ukuya kwezi-8 ukuze uphile ngokupheleleyo. Nangona kunjalo, kufuneka ukwazi ukubuyela kancinci kancinci kwimisebenzi yakho yesiqhelo kwiiveki ezimbalwa. Ngokwesiqhelo uya kukhululwa esibhedlele kwiintsuku ezi-2-5.
Ezi zinto zihlala zenzeka emva kokuba ufikile ekhaya, ungoyiki:
- Ukuncipha komnqweno wokutya.
- Ukuva iintlungu okanye ukurhawuzelela ecaleni kwamanxeba.
- Umlenze uvuvukile kancinci.
- Ukuva iintlungu kwimisipha xa uhamba.
Ixesha lokufowunela ugqirha ngoko nangoko!
Ukuba ufumanisa naziphi na kwezi mpawu zilandelayo emva kokubuyela ekhaya, yazisa ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko okanye uye kwiSebe lezeMpilo eziNgxamisekileyo (ETU) lesibhedlele.
- Ukuba unomkhuhlane ophezulu okanye ukuba uqhaqhazela ngenxa yokubanda.
- Ukuba kukho ulwelo olufana nobovu oluphuma kwizititshi, zibomvu, zidumbile, kwaye zibuhlungu kakhulu.
- Ukuba umbala womlenze uyatshintsha (ujika ube mthubi okanye ube luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka), ukuba umlenze ubanda kakhulu, okanye ukuba ukurhawuzelela kuyanda.
Emva kotyando, ugqirha uza kukunika umhla wokubuya ukuze kulandelelwe. Qiniseka ukuba uyaya kwezi kliniki. Apho, ugqirha uza kwenza i-ultrasound scan ukuze abone ukuba i-bypass yakho isebenza kakuhle na.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Utyando lwe-Peripheral Artery Bypass lunyango oluphumelele kakhulu kubantu abanemithambo yegazi evalekileyo emilenzeni yabo.
- Olu tyando ludla ngokucetyiswa kubantu abaneempawu ezingakhange zilawulwe ngamayeza kunye notshintsho kwindlela abaphila ngayo.
- Ukuba utshaya, ngaphambi nasemva kotyandoKubaluleke kakhulu ukuyeka ukutshaya ngokupheleleyo. Kuya kukunceda kakhulu kwinkqubo yakho yokuchacha.
- Emva kotyando, thatha amayeza achazwe ngugqirha wakho ngokuchanekileyo nangexesha elifanelekileyo. Gcina imithungo icocekile.
- Qiniseka ukuba uya ekliniki ngeentsuku ugqirha akuxelele ukuba ubuye ngazo. Ngale ndlela, imeko yakho inokuhlolwa rhoqo.
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