Ngaba umntwana wakho udinwa ngokukhawuleza xa edlala okanye ebaleka? Ngaba uziva ediniwe kwaye engakwazi ukubaleka njengabanye abantwana? Ngaba ukhe waphawula ukuba imilebe yakhe kunye neminwe yakhe ngamanye amaxesha iba luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka? Oku ngamanye amaxesha kunokuba ziimpawu zengxaki encinci yentliziyo. Ngoko ke ungakhathazeki. Namhlanje sithetha nge- Pulmonary Artery Stenosis , imeko yentliziyo enokwenzeka ebantwaneni. Masithethe ngayo yonke into ngokulula.
Ngamafutshane, yintoni i-Pulmonary Artery Stenosis?
Kulungile, eli gama lisenokuvakala linzima kancinci. Kodwa intsingiselo yalo ilula kakhulu. Masiliqonde ngolu hlobo.
Intliziyo yethu ineegumbi ezine eziphambili. Igumbi elisezantsi ngasekunene (i-Right Ventricle) limpompa igazi elingcolileyo, oko kukuthi, igazi elineoksijini ephantsi, ukuya emiphungeni. Eli gazi lithwalwa liye emiphungeni ngumthambo wegazi omkhulu. Lo mthambo wegazi ubizwa ngokuba yi- Pulmonary Artery . Emiphungeni, eli gazi lifakwa ioksijini, kwaye igazi elicocekileyo libuyela entliziyweni lize limpompelwe kuwo wonke umzimba.
Ngoku khawucinge ukuba umbhobho wamanzi uvalekile ndaweni ithile. Emva koko kunzima ukuba amanzi ahambe, akunjalo? Ngokufanayo, ukuba umthambo wegazi othwala igazi emaphashini (i-Pulmonary Artery) uvalekile okanye uncitshisiwe kwindawo enye okanye ezingaphezulu, yiloo nto siyibiza ngokuba yi-`(Pulmonary Artery Stenosis)`. Igama elithi stenosis lithetha "ukuvaleka" okanye "ukuncitshiswa".
Xa lo mthambo wegazi uvalekile, i-ventricle yasekunene kufuneka isebenze nzima kakhulu kwaye isebenzise uxinzelelo olukhulu ukupompa igazi ukusuka kwindawo evalekileyo ukuya emiphungeni. Kufana nenjini edinga ukusebenzisa amandla amaninzi ukupompa amanzi ngombhobho ovalekileyo. Xa oku kusenzeka ngokuhamba kwexesha, izihlunu zentliziyo zinokonakala.
Ziziphi iingxaki ezinokwenzeka ngenxa yale meko?
Ukuba oku akuphathwa kakuhle, icala lasekunene lentliziyo liyaqhubeka nokusebenza nzima, nto leyo enokukhokelela kwimeko ebizwa ngokuba yi -right-sided heart failure . Oku kuthetha ukuba icala lasekunene lentliziyo alikwazi ukupompa igazi emzimbeni ngendlela eliyidingayo. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba lifunyenwe kwaye linyangwa kwangethuba, ezi meko zinokuthintelwa.
Zithini ezi mpawu? Ungazibona njani ngokujonga umntwana wakho?
Ukuba ukuvaleka kwemithambo yegazi kuncinci kakhulu, umntwana wakho usenokungabonakalisi zimpawu. Kodwa njengoko ukuvaleka kusiba nzima ngakumbi, iimpawu zisenokuqala ukubonakala. Jonga umntwana wakho ukuze ubone ukuba unazo na ezi mpawu.
| Uphawu | Ithetha ntoni le nto? |
|---|---|
| Ubunzima bokuphefumla/ukuphelelwa ngumphefumlo | Ngenxa yokuba umzimba awufumani ioksijini eyaneleyo, umntwana uba nobunzima bokuphefumla aze alale ngokukhawuleza. |
| Ukudinwa | Nokuba sele edlale okwethutyana okanye ehamba, umntwana uziva ediniwe ngokukhawuleza. Akakwazi ukubaleka njengabanye abantwana. |
| Ukubetha kwentliziyo ngokukhawuleza | Ngenxa yokuba intliziyo kufuneka isebenze nzima, ukubetha kwentliziyo kuyakhawuleza. |
| Ukudumba komzimba | Ungaphawula ukudumba emilenzeni, emaqatheni, ebusweni, kwiinkophe, okanye esiswini. |
| Ubuluhlaza (iCyanosis) | Xa i-oxygen ingaphelelanga egazini, imilebe, iiminwe, kunye naphantsi kwezinzipho zijika zibe luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Olu luphawu olubalulekileyo. |
| Ukudinwa okanye ukuphelelwa zingqondo | Ngamanye amaxesha isiyezi okanye ukuquleka kunokubakho ngenxa yokunqongophala kweoksijini engqondweni. |
Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba ukuba umntwana wakho unezinye zezi mpawu, ungoyiki kwaye udibane nogqirha ngokukhawuleza ukuze akunike ingcebiso.
Yintoni ebangela oku?
Kukho iindidi ezininzi eziphambili zezizathu zokuba le meko yenzeka.
1. Izizathu Zokuzalwa
Esi sisifo sentliziyo esidla ngokuba sisifo sokuzalwa.Oku kuthetha ukuba kukho isiphene entliziyweni okanye kwimithambo yegazi esikhula ngelixa umntwana esesesibelekweni. Abanye abantwana banokuba nale meko kuphela (i-Pulmonary Artery Stenosis) ngaphandle kwezinye iingxaki zentliziyo. Kodwa uninzi lwabantu lunokuba nezinye iingxaki zentliziyo kunye noku. Umzekelo:
- I-Tetralogy of Fallot: Le yimeko enzima apho iziphene ezine zentliziyo zenzeka kunye.
- I-Pulmonary Atresia: Ukungabikho kwevalvu ethwala igazi ukuya emiphungeni xa izalwa.
- I-Atrial okanye i-Ventricular Septal Defect: Umngxuma ophakathi kwamagumbi amabini aphezulu okanye phakathi kwamagumbi amabini asezantsi entliziyo.
- Le meko inokubonwa nakwezinye iziphene ezininzi zentliziyo ezizalwa nazo.
2. Ezinye iimeko zonyango
Oku kunokwenzeka nakwezinye iimeko zemfuza.
- I-Williams Syndrome: Le yimeko yemfuza echaphazela intliziyo yomntwana kunye nezinye izitho zomzimba.
- I-Alagille Syndrome: Imeko ebangela iingxaki zesibindi nentliziyo.
- Isifo seRubella: Ukuba umama ufumana iRubella ngexesha lokukhulelwa, umntwana unokuba neziphene zentliziyo ezifana nezi.
3. Izizathu Zotyando
Kunqabile kakhulu, lo mthambo wegazi unokuvaleka emva kotyando lwentliziyo okanye ukufakelwa imiphunga.
Ugqirha uyifumanisa njani le nto? (Ukuxilongwa)
Ukuba umsa umntwana wakho kugqirha aze eve isandi esingaqhelekanga (ukumbombozela) xa ebeka i-stethoscope esifubeni somntwana wakho, unokukrokrela oku. Banokucebisa ukuba kwenziwe uvavanyo oluninzi ukuqinisekisa imeko.
| Uvavanyo | Ngamafutshane, wenza ntoni ngale nto? |
|---|---|
| I-ECG (i-Electrocardiogram) | Umsebenzi wombane wentliziyo uyarekhodwa ukuze kubonwe ukuba kukho uxinzelelo olugqithisileyo entliziyweni. |
| I-X-reyi yesifuba | Ubungakanani kunye nokuma kwentliziyo nemiphunga, kunye nemeko yemithambo yegazi zinokujongwa. |
| I-Echocardiogram (I-Echo Scan) | Olu lolona vavanyo lubalulekileyo. Lusebenzisa amaza esandi ukuthatha ividiyo yentliziyo nemithambo yegazi, lubonisa ngqo apho kuvaliwe khona kwaye kunzulu kangakanani. |
| I-MRI yentliziyo okanye i-CT Scan | Ngokuthatha imifanekiso yentliziyo nemithambo yegazi enamacala amathathu (3D), sinokufunda indlela igazi elihamba ngayo ngokucacileyo. |
| Ukucoca Intliziyo | Ityhubhu encinci (i-catheter) idluliselwa ngemithambo yegazi emlenzeni okanye engalweni ukuya entliziyweni, ilinganisa uxinzelelo ngaphakathi kwemithambo yegazi kwaye ifumane ulwazi oluthe kratya malunga nokuvaleka. |
Emva kwezi mvavanyo, ugqirha wakho uza kukuthumela kwingcali yentliziyo yabantwana.
Zithini iindlela zonyango zoku?
Eyona nto ingcono kukuba, ngoku kukho unyango olusebenzayo kakhulu koku. Unyango lumiselwa ziimpawu zomntwana kunye nobungakanani bokuvaleka kwemithambo yegazi.
1. Ukwandiswa kweBhaluni / i-Angioplasty
Olu asilotyando. Cinga ngalo ndlela.
- Oogqirha badlulisela umbhobho omncinci ngemithambo yegazi emlenzeni ukuya entliziyweni.
- Kukho umngxuma omncinci ekupheleni kwaloo mbhobho.
- Umbhobho onebhaluni udlula kwimithambo yegazi evalekileyo, kwaye ibhaluni iyavuthelwa xa ivalekile.
- Njengoko ibhaluni ivuvukala, umthambo wegazi oxineneyo uyanwebeka kwaye uyanda.
- Emva koko ibhaluni iyavuthululwa kwaye ityhubhu iyasuswa.
Oku kunokunciphisa kakhulu ukuxinana.
2. Ukubekwa kweStent
Le yeyona ndlela idumileyo nephumelelayo ekhoyo. I-stent yityhubhu encinci yesinyithi efana ne-mesh.
- Oku kwenziwa ngendlela efanayo naleyo yonyango lwebhaluni olukhankanyiweyo apha ngasentla.
- Kodwa apha, le stent ibekwa phezu kwebhaluni ize ithunyelwe kwindawo evalekileyo.
- Xa ibhaluni ivuthelwe kwindawo evalekileyo, i-stent iyakhula ize icinezele eludongeni lomthambo wegazi.
- Nokuba ibhaluni isusiwe, i-stent ihlala isendaweni yayo, inceda ukugcina umthambo wegazi ubanzi kwaye ungavaleki kwakhona. Kufana nokuxhasa umngxuma oza kudilika.
Oogqirha bakhetha ukubeka ii-stents kuba ziphumelela ngoko nangoko malunga ne-96%, zigcina umthambo wegazi uvulekile ixesha elide, kwaye zibiza kancinci kwaye azinabungozi kangako kunotyando.
3. Utyando
Abanye abantwana, ingakumbi ukuba ukuvaleka kuyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu okanye kuhamba nezinye iziphene zentliziyo, kunokufuneka benze utyando lwentliziyo evulekileyo ukuze kulungiswe ukuvaleka.
Kwenzeka ntoni emva konyango?
Ukuba umntwana ufakwe i-stent, kuya kufuneka athathe amayeza okunciphisa igazi kunye nee-antibiotics ixesha elifutshane ukuthintela usulelo. Emva kolu nyango, umntwana uya kuziva ekhululekile ngoko nangoko. Njengoko ukuhamba kwegazi ukuya emiphungeni kuphucuka, ukuphefumla okuncinci kunye nokudinwa kuya kuphela kungekudala.
Umntwana udinga ulwalathiso oluqhubekayo lwezonyango. Ufanele ubone ugqirha ngexesha elimiselweyo kwaye wenze iimvavanyo ezifana ne-echo scan ukujonga imeko yentliziyo.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-Pulmonary Artery Stenosis kukuncitshiswa komthambo wegazi oyintloko othwala igazi ukuya emiphungeni. Sesona siphene sentliziyo esiqhelekileyo ebantwaneni.
- Nika ingqalelo ukuba umntwana wakho udinwa msinya, udinwa ngelixa edlala, okanye unemilebe eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.
- Ukuba unale mpawu, ungoyiki kwaye ubone ugqirha okufutshane. Okukhona uyiqonda ngokukhawuleza, kokukhona kulula ukuyinyanga.
- Ngoku kukho unyango oluphumelele kakhulu, olungelulo utyando, olufana nonyango lwebhaluni kunye nokufakwa kwe-stent.
- Ngonyango olufanelekileyo kunye nolawulo lwezonyango oluhlala ixesha elide, uninzi lwabantwana abanale meko banokuphila ubomi obusempilweni nobuqhelekileyo. Ngoko ke ungakhathazeki.
- Ungaze ungathandabuzi ukubuza ugqirha nayiphi na imibuzo onayo malunga nemeko okanye unyango lomntwana wakho.
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