Ngaba umntwana wakho unazo ezi mpawu? Masifunde ukuba yintoni kanye kanye i-rheumatic fever!

Ngaba umntwana wakho omncinci uhlala ehlushwa ngumkhuhlane obuhlungu? Ngamanye amaxesha sicinga ukuba ngumkhuhlane nje oqhelekileyo. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba awunyangwa kakuhle, ezinye izifo zomqala zinokubangela iingxaki ezingalindelekanga. I-Rheumatic Fever yenye yeengxaki ezingalindelekanga, kodwa ezinokuba yingozi. Makhe sithethe ngale nto ngokweenkcukacha namhlanje, kuba kubaluleke kakhulu ukuyiqonda.

Yintoni iRheumatic Fever? Ngamafutshane...

Ngamafutshane, i-rheumatic fever sisifo esenzeka ngenxa yokungasebenzi kakuhle kwenkqubo yomzimba wethu yokuzikhusela. Oogqirha bakwabiza ngokuba yi-"acute rheumatic fever". Khawuthelekelele, umntwana wakho unesifo somqala, esifana ne -strep throat okanye i-scarlet fever , kwaye le ngxaki iqala ukuba ayinyangwanga kakuhle.

Zombini i-strep throat kunye ne-scarlet fever zibangelwa yibhaktiriya ebizwa ngokuba yiGroup A Streptococcus . Zihlala ziphila ngokukhawuleza ngee-antibiotics. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba azinyangwa, xa inkqubo yokuzikhusela yomzimba yomntwana ilwa nebhaktiriya, ngamanye amaxesha ihlasela ngempazamo izicubu zayo ezisempilweni kunye namalungu omzimba. Oku kubangela ukudumba kunye nokudumba kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zomzimba. Oku kunokuchaphazela amalungu omntwana, intliziyo, kunye nemithambo yegazi.

Yintoni umahluko phakathi kweScarlet Fever kunye neRheumatic Fever?

Le yinto abantu abaninzi abayididayo. I-Scarlet fever kunye ne-strep throat zombini zizifo ezibangelwa yibhaktiriya ye-group A streptococcus. Ezi zinyangwa ngamayeza okubulala iintsholongwane.

I-rheumatic fever yingxaki engaqhelekanga enokwenzeka ukuba usulelo, olufana ne-scarlet fever okanye i-strep throat, alunyangwanga kakuhle. Oko kukuthi, ayizizo zonke ii-strep throat eziqhubekela kwi-rheumatic fever.

Ixhaphake kangakanani i-rheumatic fever?

Kumazwe aphuhlileyo afana ne-United States, i-strep throat ixhaphakile, kodwa i-rheumatic fever ayixhaphakanga. Ngenxa yokuba ii-antibiotics zifumaneka lula kula mazwe, abantu abaninzi bafumana unyango lwe-strep throat kunye ne-scarlet fever ngokukhawuleza. Xa inyangwa, i-rheumatic fever iyathintelwa.

Nangona kunjalo, kumazwe afana nelethu, ingakumbi kwiindawo ezinezibonelelo zonyango ezimbalwa, le meko yesifo samathambo isabonakala. Ke ngoko, kufuneka silumke kakhulu ngale nto.

Zithini iimpawu zesifo samathambo?

Indlela umkhuhlane werheumatic ochaphazela ngayo umntu ngamnye inokwahluka. Ngamanye amaxesha usulelo lwe-strep lunokuba buthathaka kangangokuba usenokungazi nokuba unalo de ube nomkhuhlane werheumatic.

Iimpawu ze-rheumatic fever zidla ngokuba nzima ukuzibona kuba zifana nezinye iingxaki zempilo. Kodwa kubalulekile ukwazi ukuba zeziphi ezi mpawu. Ngenxa yokuba i-rheumatic fever inokuba yingozi, ukuba ukrokrela ukuba umntwana wakho unazo ezi mpawu, kufuneka ubonane nogqirha ngoko nangoko.

Nazi ezinye iimpawu eziqhelekileyo ezinokubonakala:

• Ukudumba kwamalungu, ukuba bomvu, kunye nentlungu (i-arthritis): Amalungu afana namadolo, amaqatha, kunye neengqiniba abuhlungu kakhulu. Intlungu isenokuba kwelinye ilungu ngolunye usuku ize iye kwelinye ilungu ngosuku olulandelayo.
• Ukuxhuzula amalungu omzimba ngokungalawulekiyo (chorea): Umntwana usenokuvakalelwa kukuba iingalo zakhe, imilenze, okanye ezinye iindawo zomzimba zixhuzula ngequbuliso ngokungalawulekiyo. Oku kukwabizwa ngokuba yi-"chorea kaSydenham".
• Amaqhuqhuva amancinci phantsi kolusu (amaqhuqhuva): Ngamanye amaxesha amaqhuqhuva amancinci, aqinileyo anokuvela phantsi kolusu, anokuvakala esandleni. La maqhuqhuva adla ngokungabi buhlungu.
• Iintlungu zesifuba okanye ukubetha kwentliziyo okungaqhelekanga: Usenokuziva iintlungu zesifuba, okanye unokuziva utshintsho kwisantya sokubetha kwentliziyo yakho.
• Ukudinwa rhoqo: Umntwana usenokuziva ediniwe kwaye elele ngalo lonke ixesha, nokuba akakhange enze nto.
• Umkhuhlane: Umzimba usenokuba shushu kwaye umkhuhlane unokubakho.
• Iintloko ezibuhlungu ezingapheliyo ngaphandle kwesizathu: Yiba nexhala ukuba umntwana ongazange axele ukuba unentloko ebuhlungu ngaphambili unentloko ebuhlungu engapheliyo.
• Intlungu yemisipha: Usenokuziva ngathi imisipha yakho iyaqaqamba.
• Iitoni ezibomvu nezidumbileyo: Iitoni ezisemqaleni zisenokuba zidumbile kwaye zibomvu.
• Amabala abomvu eluswini (i-erythema marginatum): Ngamanye amaxesha amabala abomvu, asicaba, ajikelezileyo anokubonakala eluswini. La mabala asenokufika ahambe aze abuye.

Khumbula, ukuba nenye okanye ngaphezulu kwezi mpawu akuthethi ukuba une-rheumatic fever. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba unamathandabuzo, kungcono ukubona ugqirha.

Yintoni ebangela umkhuhlane wamathambo?

Njengoko besikhe sathetha ngaphambili, i-rheumatic fever yinkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela esebenza kakhulu ehlasela izicwili eziphilileyo. Eyona nto ibangela oku kukunganyangwa komkhuhlane okanye i-scarlet fever . Oko kukuthi, ukungafumani amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane afanelekileyo kwi-group A streptococcus bacteria.

Kwenzeka ntoni ke xa amajoni omzimba (ii-antibodies) elwa neentsholongwane, ngempazamo ahlasela izicubu zomzimba kunye namalungu omzimba asempilweni. Cinga nje xa ulwa notshaba, ucinga ukuba omnye wakho lutshaba uze uluhlasele.

Ngubani ofumana umkhuhlane wamathambo?

Nangona nabani na enokufumana i-rheumatic fever, idla ngokuchaphazela abantwana kunye nabantu abadala abaselula abaphakathi kweminyaka emi-5 neli-15.Iimpawu ze-rheumatic fever zihlala zibonakala kwiiveki ezimbini ukuya kwezintathu emva kokuba i-strep throat okanye i-scarlet fever inganyangwanga. Ayiqhelekanga kubantwana abangaphantsi kweminyaka emi-5 ubudala nakubantu abangaphezu kweminyaka eli-15 ubudala.

Angakanani amathuba okuba umntu abe ne-rheumatic fever ngenxa ye-strep throat okanye i-scarlet fever?

Ayingabo bonke abantu abane-strep throat okanye i-scarlet fever abaya kuba ne-rheumatic fever. Oku kwenzeka kuphela ukuba usulelo alunyangwanga. Nangona kunjalo, kumazwe afana ne-United States, i-rheumatic fever ayifumaneki rhoqo.

Ngubani osengozini enkulu yokuba nomkhuhlane wamathambo?

Ezinye izinto zinokunyusa umngcipheko wokuba nomkhuhlane wamathambo. Nazi ezinye zazo:

• Apho uhlala khona: Abantu abaninzi abane-rheumatic fever bahlala kwiindawo ezikude ezinezibonelelo zonyango ezimbalwa. Abantwana abahlala kwiindawo apho kunzima ukufumana amayeza okanye ukubona ugqirha basengozini enkulu.
• Ubudala: Njengoko besitshilo ngaphambili, abantwana abaphakathi kweminyaka emi-5 neli-15 ubudala ngabona bachaphazeleka kakhulu.
• Impilo iyonke: Umntwana onenkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela ebuthathaka unokuba semngciphekweni omkhulu. Abantwana abanesifo sosulelo lwe-strep rhoqo nabo banamathuba amaninzi okufumana umkhuhlane wamathambo.
• Imbali yosapho: Ukuba kukho umntu kusapho okhe waba nomkhuhlane wamathambo ngaphambili, amanye amalungu osapho anethuba eliphezulu lokuba nawo abe nawo.
• Iindawo ezixineneyo: Iintsholongwane zisasazeka lula kwiindawo apho abantu bahlanganisana khona. Imizekelo ibandakanya izikolo kunye nezikolo zokuhlala.

Ngaba abantu abadala banokufumana umkhuhlane werheumatic?

Akuqhelekanga kakhulu, kodwa abantu abadala banokufumana umkhuhlane wamathambo.

Ngaba i-rheumatic fever iyosulela?

Hayi, irheumatic fever ayisuleli. Awunakuyifumana komnye umntu, kwaye awunakuyisasaza komnye umntu.

Kodwa, khumbula! Umphimbo obuhlungu kunye nomkhuhlane obomvu, ezizezona zinto zibangela umkhuhlane wamathambo, ziyasulela. Zisasazeka ngamathontsi okuphefumla xa umntu ekhohlela okanye ethimla.

I-rheumatic fever iyichaphazela njani intliziyo?

I-rheumatic fever ayisoloko iyichaphazela intliziyo. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba iyayenza, inokonakalisa izicwili zentliziyo, ingakumbi iivalvu zentliziyo. Le tissue yentliziyo eyonakeleyo nenamanxeba ayisebenzi kakuhle. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, i-rheumatic fever inokubangela umonakalo ongunaphakade wentliziyo. Oogqirha bakwabiza le meko ngokuthi yi-Rheumatic Heart Disease okanye i-Congestive Heart Failure .

Ukuba umkhuhlane we-rheumatic uyayonakalisa ivalvu yentliziyo, ugqirha wakho unokucebisa utyando lokulungisa ivalvu eyonakeleyo okanye ukuyitshintsha ngentsha. Ngamanye amaxesha, umonakalo wentliziyo unokwenzeka emva kweminyaka eli-10 ukuya kwengama-20 emva komkhuhlane we-rheumatic. Ke ngoko, kubalulekile ukuhlala unxibelelana nogqirha omthembayo.

Ngaba umkhuhlane werheumatic ungabangela isifo samathambo?

Nangona ezinye zeempawu zokuqala zesifo samathambo zifana ne -rheumatoid arthritis (RA) , ezi zifo zimbini azifani. Zombini ezi zifo zinokuchaphazela amalungu omntwana. Nangona kunjalo, isifo samathambo sidla ngokuphela kwiiveki ezimbalwa, ngelixa isifo samathambo sihlala ubomi bonke. Abantwana abangaphantsi kweminyaka eli-16 ubudala bafunyaniswa benesi sifo esibizwa ngokuba yi-"Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis" endaweni yesifo samathambo.

Ifunyaniswa njani i-rheumatic fever? (Ukuxilongwa)

Ukuba umntwana wakho unesifo somqala esibuhlungu kangangeentsuku ezingaphezu kwezimbini okanye ezintathu, qiniseka ukuba ubona ugqirha. Unyango olukhawulezileyo lweqela Usulelo lwe-streptococcal lunokunceda ekuthinteleni umkhuhlane wamathambo.

Ukuba ugqirha urhanela ukuba une-rheumatic fever, uza kuqala athathe i-throat swab emqaleni womntwana ukuze ajonge ukuba kukho i-group A streptococcus bacteria. Oku kungenziwa ngokusebenzisa uvavanyo lwe-rapid strep okanye i-throat culture .

• Uvavanyo lwe-strep olukhawulezileyo: Iziphumo zingafunyanwa kwimizuzu eli-10.
• Ukukhula komphimbo: Iziphumo zithatha iintsuku ezimbalwa ukuba zibuye. Nangona kunjalo, ngamanye amaxesha uvavanyo olukhawulezayo lwe-strep lunokunika "iziphumo ezingezizo ezilungileyo" (oko kuthetha ukuba zibonisa i-strep xa ingekho).

Ziziphi ezinye iimvavanyo ezenziwayo ukufumanisa isifo samathambo?

Ngokuxhomekeke kwiimpawu zomntwana, ugqirha unokuyalela ezinye iimvavanyo:

• Uvavanyo lwegazi: Ngamanye amaxesha uvavanyo lwegazi lwenziwa ukuqinisekisa usulelo lwe-strep. Nangona uvavanyo lungafumani bhaktheriya, lunokujonga ii-antibodies egazini. Lunokujonga nokuvuvukala emzimbeni ngokulinganisa iiproteni ezithile (ezifana ne-CRP kunye ne-ESR).
• Uvavanyo lwentliziyo: Olu vavanyo lunceda ekuboneni indlela esebenza ngayo intliziyo yomntwana wakho. Oku kungabandakanya i -ECG (i-electrocardiogram) okanye i- Echocardiogram (i-ultrasound yentliziyo, ekwabizwa ngokuba yi-Echo) .

Ziziphi iikhrayitheriya zikaJones zesifo samathambo?

Ngamanye amaxesha oogqirha basebenzisa indlela ebizwa ngokuba yiJones criteria ukufumanisa umkhuhlane werheumatic. Ukuze umntwana afunyaniswe enomkhuhlane werheumatic, kufuneka abe nemigangatho emibini ephambili , okanye enye ephambili kunye nemibini emincinci, kwezi zidweliso zilandelayo. Ukongeza, kufuneka kubekho ubungqina belebhu bosulelo lwangaphambili lweqela A streptococcal.

Iikhrayitheriya eziphambili:

• I-arthritis yamalungu amaninzi (i-arthritis)
• I-carditis
• Amaqhuma angaphantsi kolusu (`amaqhuma`)
• Iintshukumo ezikhawulezayo nezishukumisayo (chorea)
• Amabala athile esikhumba (i-erythema marginatum)

Iikhrayitheriya ezincinci:

• Ifiva
• Amanqanaba aphezulu egazini e-`ESR (isantya sedimentation ye-erythrocyte)` okanye `CRP (iprotheni esabelayo ye-C)`
• Intlungu yamalungu (i-arthralgia)
• Utshintsho kwi-ECG (electrocardiogram)
• Ukuba nembali yangaphambili yesifo samathambo okanye isifo sentliziyo samathambo

Iphathwa njani i-rheumatic fever?

Xa kunyangwa umkhuhlane wamathambo, ingqwalasela yokuqala kukuphelisa usulelo lwebhaktiriya. Emva koko, unyango lunikwa ukunciphisa ukudumba emzimbeni womntwana.

Unyango lwe-rheumatic fever lungabandakanya:

• Ii-antibiotics: Okokuqala, oogqirha banika ii-antibiotics ukunyanga usulelo olusisiseko lwebhaktiriya. Ezinye ii-antibiotics zinikwa njengenaliti enye. Ezinye zithathwa ngomlomo kangangeveki okanye nangaphezulu. Kubalulekile ukuthatha la mayeza kanye ngexesha elimiselweyo.
• Amayeza okulwa nokuvuvukala: Ugqirha angakunika amayeza okunciphisa ukudumba emzimbeni womntwana wakho. La mayeza anokunceda ekunciphiseni iimpawu ezifana neentlungu zamalungu. Ukuba iimpawu zakho zinzima, ugqirha angakunika amayeza anamandla ngakumbi (ii-corticosteroids).
• Ezinye iindlela zonyango: Ngenxa yokuba umkhuhlane wamathambo uchaphazela umntu ngamnye ngokwahlukileyo, ugqirha wakho unokucebisa ezinye iindlela zonyango ngokuxhomekeke kwindlela umntwana wakho achaphazeleka ngayo. Kwiimeko ezinzima, utyando lwentliziyo okanye ukutshintshwa kwamalungu kunokufuneka.

Ingathintelwa njani i-rheumatic fever?

Le yeyona nto ibalulekileyo! Ukunyanga izifo ezifana ne-strep throat kunye ne-scarlet fever ngokukhawuleza nangendlela efanelekileyo kunokunceda ekuthinteleni i-rheumatic fever. Iimpawu ze-strep throat kunye ne-scarlet fever azisoloko zibonakala kwaye kulula ukuzibona. Ngoko ke, ukuba umntwana wakho unesihlungu somqala kangangeentsuku ezingaphezu kwezintathu, okanye ukuba unezinye iimpawu ocinga ukuba ungaziqondi, qiniseka ukuba ubonana nogqirha.

Ukuba ugqirha womntwana wakho ukuxelela ukuba une-strep throat okanye i-scarlet fever, landela imiyalelo yakhe ngokuchanekileyo. Nokuba umntwana wakho uzive engcono, kufuneka uthathe yonke i-antibiotics. Ngaphandle koko, usulelo lusenokungapheli ngokupheleleyo, kwaye unokuba namathuba amaninzi okufumana i-rheumatic fever.

Yintoni enye onokuyenza ukuze uzikhusele kwi-rheumatic fever?

Ukuziqhelanisa nemikhwa emihle yococeko kunokunceda ekunciphiseni umngcipheko womntwana wakho wokufumana usulelo lweentsholongwane. Kunokunceda nasekuthinteleni ukusasazeka kosulelo ukusuka komnye umntwana ukuya komnye. Umntwana wakho kufuneka ahlale esenza ezi zinto zilandelayo:

• Hlamba izandla zakho rhoqo (nangokucoca) ngesepha.
• Xa ukhohlela okanye uthimla, gquma umlomo wakho ngethishu, ingqiniba, okanye igxalaba (hayi isandla sakho).
• Lahla ilaphu elisetyenziselwa ukuthimla okanye ukuvuthela impumlo yakho kube kanye, uze uhlambe izandla zakho.

Ukuba umntwana wakho ufunyaniswe enomkhuhlane wamathambo, ugqirha wakho unokumnika amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane (afana neenaliti zepenicillin zenyanga). Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-antibiotic prophylaxis . Oku kunokunceda ekuthinteleni umphimbo we-strep kwixesha elizayo kunye nokuthintela umkhuhlane wamathambo ukuba ungaphindi uvele.

Injani imeko yomntu onesifo samathambo?

Nangona kungekho ndlela yonyango lwe-rheumatic fever, esi sifo sinokulawulwa ngonyango. Ngokusixilonga ngokuchanekileyo isifo kwaye uqale unyango kwangoko xa kuvela iimpawu, unokuthintela umonakalo osisigxina obangelwa sisifo. Iingxaki ezinkulu azinakwenzeka kangako. Ukuba ziyenzeka, zinokuchaphazela intliziyo yomntwana, amalungu, inkqubo yemithambo-luvo, okanye ulusu.

I-rheumatic fever ingabuya okanye ibe yingxaki enkulu. Kwezinye iimeko, i-rheumatic fever inokubangela iingxaki ezinokuba yingozi ebomini. Ke ngoko, uhlolo lwezonyango rhoqo lunokufuneka ukuze kukhuselwe impilo yomntwana wakho ixesha elide.

Ngaba umkhuhlane werheumatic ungaphinda ubuye?

Ewe. Ukuba umntwana wakho ufumana i-strep throat okanye i-scarlet fever kwakhona, i-rheumatic fever nayo ingabuya. Ukuba umntwana wakho wayekhe waba ne-rheumatic fever ngaphambili, ugqirha unokucebisa ukuba umntwana wakho athathe ii-antibiotics iminyaka, okanye ubomi bakhe bonke. Olu nyango lubizwa ngokuba yi-antibiotic prophylaxis . Oku kunokunceda ukuthintela olunye usulelo lwe-strep kunye nokuthintela i-rheumatic fever ukuba ingabuyi.

Ndingambuza ntoni ugqirha womntwana?

Ukuba umntwana wakho une-rheumatic fever, ungambuza ugqirha imibuzo efana nale:

• Ucebisa luphi uhlobo lonyango lokubulala iintsholongwane?
• Umntwana wam ufanele athathe eli yeza ixesha elingakanani?
• Ngaba umntwana wam kuya kufuneka athathe amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane ixesha elide?
• Ngaba umntwana wam uza kufuna ezinye iimvavanyo ngoku okanye kwixesha elizayo?
• I-rheumatic fever ingamchaphazela njani umntwana wam ngoku okanye kwixesha elizayo?
• Ngaba kukho naziphi na izinto ezinokuba yingozi kwimpilo yomntwana wam?
• Luhlobo luni lonyango umntwana wam aza kuludinga ukuya phambili?
• Yintoni endinokuyenza ukuze ndikhusele impilo yomntwana wam ngcono?
• Ndifanele ndimfowunele nini ugqirha womntwana wam?

Ukuba ukrokrela ukuba umntwana wakho une-strep throat okanye i-scarlet fever, musa ukulibazisa ukufowunela ugqirha wakho. Unyango lwakwangoko lunokunceda ekuthinteleni i-rheumatic fever. Iimpawu eziphawulekayo zezi ntsholongwane zebhaktheriya zezi:

• Umphimbo obuhlungu ohlala iintsuku ezingaphezu kwezintathu.
• Ukulahlekelwa ngumdla wokutya (ingakumbi ngenxa yobunzima bokuginya).
• Ii-lymph nodes ezidumbileyo entanyeni.
• Amabala abomvu avakala ngathi yi-sandpaper.
• Ifiva.
• Iitoni ezidumbileyo, ezibomvu, okanye ezinamabala (ii-gland ezingasemva komlomo).
• Intloko ebuhlungu.

Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya

I-rheumatic fever yingxaki engaqhelekanga ye -strep throat okanye i-scarlet fever enganyangwanga. Ichaphazela kakhulu abantwana kunye nabantu abadala abancinci. Kwiimeko ezinzima, inokubangela iingxaki zempilo ezinzulu ezichaphazela intliziyo yomntwana, amalungu, okanye amanye amalungu omzimba.

Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukubona ugqirha ngoko nangoko ukuba ukrokrela ukuba umntwana wakho une-strep throat okanye i-scarlet fever. Ukwenza njalo kunokunceda ekuthinteleni ukuba i-rheumatic fever ingakhuli. Abantu abane-rheumatic fever badla ngokufuna iingcebiso zonyango kunye nonyango lobomi bonke ukuze balondoloze impilo yabo. Ngoko ke, musa ukuthatha lula umphimbo obuhlungu okanye umkhuhlane womntwana wakho. Yiba nexhala.

Umkhuhlane werheumatic , umphimbo obuhlungu, umkhuhlane obomvu, izifo zabantwana, isifo sentliziyo, usulelo, inkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela