Ingaba intliziyo yakho ibetha ngendlela engaqhelekanga? Masithethe ngokungahambi kakuhle kwesingqisho sentliziyo (i-Arrhythmia)!

Ungakhathazeki, ngaba wakha waziva ngathi isantya sentliziyo yakho sinyuke ngequbuliso, okanye sibetha ngokukhawuleza kakhulu, ngamanye amaxesha ngathi sibetha ngendlela engaqhelekanga? Le yinto eyenzeka kubantu abaninzi. Namhlanje siza kuthetha ngale ntliziyo ingaqhelekanga, ebizwa ngokuba yi-arrhythmia . Oku ngamanye amaxesha kuthiwa yi -dysrhythmia .

Ngamafutshane, yintoni i-arrhythmia?

I-arrhythmia lutshintsho kwisingqisho, okanye kwindlela, yentliziyo yakho. Cinga ngale ndlela: intliziyo yethu ifana nomculi onobuchule, kufuneka ibethe ngesingqisho esiqhelekileyo nesiqhelekileyo. Kodwa ngamanye amaxesha esi singqisho siyaphela. Kulapho ke sibiza ngokuba yi-arrhythmia. Ingaqala kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zentliziyo. Ngamanye amaxesha intliziyo ibetha ngokukhawuleza kakhulu, ngamanye amaxesha icotha kakhulu, okanye ngaphandle kwesiqhelo.

Ngokwesiqhelo, intliziyo yethu isebenza ngendlela ehlelekileyo nelungeleleneyo. Kuba, le ntliziyo yileyo inika umzimba wethu wonke igazi, inika ukondla kunye neoksijini. Ngoko ke, ukuba kukho nayiphi na ingxaki kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zentliziyo, okanye egazini elimpompa intliziyo, le rhythm iqhelekileyo inokuphazamiseka. Yiyo loo nto ukuba nerhythm yentliziyo eqhelekileyo kubaluleke kakhulu .

Ingaba esi sifo sentliziyo (i-arrhythmia) sinzulu kangakanani?

Enyanisweni, ayizizo zonke ii-arrhythmias eziyingozi. Kukho iintlobo ezithile ezingabangela monakalo kwaye ezingadingi nyango. Nangona kunjalo, kukho ezinye ezinokubangela ukuhlaselwa yintliziyo okanye ukuminxeka kwentliziyo . Uninzi lwee-arrhythmias ziwela phakathi kwezi meko zimbini zimbi. Ngugqirha kuphela onokukuxelela ngqo ukuba loluphi uhlobo lwe-arrhythmia onalo kunye nokuba lufuna unyango na. Ke ngoko, ukuba unamathandabuzo, kungcono ukufuna ingcebiso kagqirha.

Ziziphi iintlobo eziphambili ze-arrhythmia?

Oogqirha bahlulahlula i-arrhythmias ngokusekwe kwindawo eqala kuyo entliziyweni.

• I-Supraventricular Arrhythmias: Ezi ziqala kumagumbi aphezulu entliziyo yakho, abizwa ngokuba yi-atria . Igama elithi "Supraventricular" lithetha ngaphezulu kwamagumbi asezantsi entliziyo, abizwa ngokuba zii-ventricles .
• Ii-Ventricular Arrhythmias: Ezi ziqala kwigumbi elisezantsi lentliziyo, oko kukuthi, i-atria.
• IiBradyarrhythmias kunye nee-junctional rhythms: Ezi zinokwenzeka ngenxa yeengxaki kwinkqubo yokuqhuba isignali yombane yentliziyo, njenge -sinoatrial (SA) node , i-atrioventricular (AV) node , okanye inethiwekhi ye-His-Purkinje .

Ngamafutshane, kukho iintlobo ezimbini zeziphene zentliziyo: ezo ziqala kwiindawo eziphezulu zentliziyo nezo ziqala kwiindawo ezisezantsi. Ukongeza, kukwakho neziphene ezibandakanya ukubetha kwentliziyo kancinci kakhulu.

Ixhaphake kangakanani le meko?

Kumazwe ngamazwe, kuqikelelwa ukuba phakathi kwe-1.5% kunye ne-5% yabantu bane-arrhythmia. Nangona kunjalo, kunzima ukutsho ngokuthe ngqo ukuba bangaphi abantu abanayo, njengoko abanye abantu bengabonakalisi zimpawu. Kumazwe afana ne-United States, uhlobo lwe-arrhythmia olubizwa ngokuba yi -atrial fibrillation lolona luxhaphakileyo.

Zeziphi iimpawu esizivayo?

Umntu one-arrhythmia unokufumana iimpawu ezifana nezi:

• Ukubetha Kwentliziyo: Kusenokuvakala ngathi idrama ibetha ngaphakathi esifubeni, okanye ngathi intliziyo iyema ngequbuliso, okanye kunokuvakala ngathi ibetha ngokukhawuleza kakhulu.
• Ukuba nesiyezi okanye ukuba nentloko ebuthathaka.
• Iziqendu zokuquleka.
• Ukuphefumla Kancinci: Kubonakala ngathi unengxaki yokuphefumla nokuba ukhe wazama kancinci.
• Ukungakhululeki esifubeni okanye iintlungu.
• Ubuthathaka okanye ukudinwa.

Ngamanye amaxesha, ukuphazamiseka kwentliziyo kunokuba "kungathethi," oko kuthetha ukuba akubanga naziphi na iimpawu. Yiyo loo nto kubalulekile ukutyelela ugqirha rhoqo .

Kutheni oku kusenzeka? Zithini izizathu ze-arrhythmia?

Kukho izizathu ezahlukeneyo ze-arrhythmia. Ezinye zazo zezi:

• Isifo seMithambo yeCoronary: Oku kuthetha ukuvaleka kwemithambo yegazi ehambisa igazi entliziyweni.
• Izicubu ezirhawuzelelayo entliziyweni yakho: Oku kunokubangelwa zizizathu zemfuza okanye izinto ezikhula kamva ebomini.
• Igazi elonyukayo.
• Utshintsho kwimisipha yentliziyo (Cardiomyopathy).
• Iingxaki zevalvu yentliziyo.
• Ukungalingani kwe-electrolyte egazini lakho: Olu lutshintsho kubungakanani beetyuwa ezifana ne-sodium kunye ne-potassium.
• Ukulimala Okubangelwe Kukuhlaselwa Yintliziyo.
• Inkqubo yokuphiliswa emva kotyando lwentliziyo.
• Ezinye iimeko zonyango.

Amaxesha amaninzi, i-arrhythmias ibangelwa yingxaki yemithambo yegazi, iivalvu, okanye izihlunu zentliziyo.

Ziziphi izinto ezibangela ukuhlaselwa yintliziyo (arrhythmia)?

Ezi zinto zinokunyusa umngcipheko we-arrhythmia:

• Ukusebenzisa iimveliso zecuba.
• Ukusela utywala.
• Ukusela iziselo nokutya okune-caffeine: Izinto ezifana neti, ikofu, kunye nezinye iziselo ezibandayo.
• Ukusela izinto ezivuselelayo: Izinto ezifana namayeza omkhuhlane kunye nezongezo zemifuno.
• Ukuba noxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu.
• Isalathisi soBunzima boMzimba (i-BMI) engaphezulu kwama-30.
• Ukuba neswekile ephezulu egazini: Njengesifo seswekile.
• Ukuphelelwa ngamandla xa ulele.

Zeziphi iingxaki ezinokwenzeka ukuba azinyangwa?

Ukuba i-arrhythmia ayinyangwanga kakuhle, iingxaki ezifana nezi:

• Ubuthathaka bemisipha yentliziyo (Cardiomyopathy).
• Ukubanjwa kwe-cardiac.
• Istroke: Ukuphazamiseka kokuhamba kwegazi ukuya engqondweni.

Ifunyanwa njani le arrhythmia?

Ugqirha unokujonga ukubetha kwentliziyo yakho aze amamele intliziyo yakho ukuze abone ukubetha kwentliziyo okungaqhelekanga.

Emva kokumamela iimpawu zakho nokwenza uvavanyo lomzimba, ugqirha wakho unokuyalela iimvavanyo ezongezelelweyo ukuqinisekisa ukuba kukho i-arrhythmia kunye nokufumana unobangela. Ngamanye amaxesha ungathunyelwa kwi -electrophysiologist , ingcali yentliziyo eqeqeshwe ngokukodwa kwiingxaki zesingqisho sentliziyo.

Luhlobo luni lovavanyo oluqhutywayo?

Ezi mvavanyo zilandelayo zingenziwa ukuze kufunyaniswe ukubetha kwentliziyo okungaqhelekanga kunye neemeko ezinxulumene noko:

• I-Electrocardiogram (ECG okanye EKG): Le irekhoda umsebenzi wombane wentliziyo.
• Uvavanyo lwegazi: Jonga amanqanaba akho e-electrolyte, okanye ujonge ingxaki yemfuza.
• IiMonitha ze-Ambulatory: Ezi zizixhobo ezincinci ozinxiba iintsuku ezimbalwa. Zirekhoda isingqisho sentliziyo yakho ngelixa usenza imisebenzi yakho yesiqhelo. Umzekelo yiHolter Monitor .
• Uvavanyo loxinzelelo: Olu vavanyo luvavanya ukusebenza kwentliziyo ngelixa uzilolonga.
• I-Echocardiogram: Uvavanyo lwezandi zentliziyo. Lunokujonga imilo, ubukhulu, kunye nomsebenzi wentliziyo.
• Ukulungiswa kwentliziyo: Uvavanyo lokujonga ukuvaleka kwemithambo yegazi yentliziyo.
• Uphononongo lwe-Electrophysiology (EPS): Uvavanyo olujonga nzulu inkqubo yombane yentliziyo.
• Uvavanyo lweTable Tilt: Uvavanyo olwenziwa kubantu abanesiyezi xa bemi.
• I-CT scan (i-Computed Tomography - i-CT scan).
• I-MRI yentliziyo (I-MRI yentliziyo - Umfanekiso weMagnetic Resonance).

Iphathwa njani i-arrhythmia?

Unyango luxhomekeke kuhlobo lwe-arrhythmia onayo kunye nobunzima bayo. Kwezinye iimeko, akukho nyango lufunekayo. Iindlela zonyango lweengxaki zesingqisho sentliziyo ziquka:

• Amayeza.
• Utshintsho kwindlela yokuphila.
• Iindlela zonyango.
• Izixhobo.
• Utyando.

1. Amayeza

Kukho iintlobo ezininzi zamayeza okunyanga i-arrhythmias. Ngenxa yokuba ayinguye wonke umntu ofanayo, kunokufuneka uzame iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zamayeza ukuze ufumane amayeza kunye nedosi efanelekileyo kuwe. Ezinye zezi ziquka:

• Amayeza okulwa nokubetha kwentliziyo: La mayeza anceda ukubuyisela i-arrhythmia kwisigqi esiqhelekileyo (iSinus Rhythm) okanye athintele ukwenzeka kwe-arrhythmia.
• Amayeza alawula isantya sentliziyo yakho.
• Amayeza onyango lwe-Anticoagulant okanye i-Antiplatelet: Umzekelo , iWarfarin okanye iAspirin . La mayeza anciphisa umngcipheko wokuqhekeka kwegazi.
• Amayeza anyanga izifo ezinxulumene noko ezinokubangela isigqi sentliziyo esingaqhelekanga.

Kubaluleke kakhulu ukwazi ezi zinto zilandelayo:

• Amagama amayeza owasebenzisayo.
• Kutheni usela loo mayeza?
• Kangaphi kwaye ngaliphi ixesha lokusela iyeza.
• Zithini iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zamayeza akho?

2. Utshintsho kwindlela yokuphila

Utshintsho olulula kwindlela ophila ngayo lunokunceda kwi-arrhythmias. Ezinye zezi ziquka:

• Ukulawula uxinzelelo lwegazi kunye namanqanaba eswekile egazini.
• Ukuphepha ukusebenzisa iimveliso zecuba.
• Ukunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kotywala.
• Ukuphepha i-caffeine kunye nezinto ezikhuthazayo.
• Ukugcina ubunzima obusempilweni.

3. Iindlela zonyango

Ukongeza kumayeza, abanye abantu banokufuna olunye unyango lokunyanga okanye ukuyeka ukubetha kwentliziyo okungaqhelekanga. Ugqirha wakho uya kugqiba ukuba loluphi unyango olukulungeleyo kwaye uya kuxoxa nawe ngezinto ezilungileyo nezingalunganga zolu nyango.

• I-Cardioversion: Kunikwa umbane ukuze kuhambelane intliziyo kwaye kubuyiselwe isigqi esiqhelekileyo.
• Ukususwa kweCatheter: I-catheter isetyenziselwa ukuhambisa amandla ombane asebenza rhoqo kwindawo encinci yezicubu entliziyweni, "isusa" indlela engaqhelekanga yesingqisho. Le nkqubo inokunyanga iintlobo ezininzi ze-SVT (Supraventricular Tachycardia) , i-Atrial Flutter , i-Atrial Fibrillation, kunye nezinyeI-Atrial kunye ne-Ventricular Tachycardias zinokunyangwa.
• Ukuhlukaniswa kwemithambo yemiphunga: Olu luhlobo lokususwa kwemithambo. Iiringi zezicubu ezikrwelwe zenzelwe ukwahlukanisa iindawo ezinokubangela i-atrial fibrillation . Oku kunokuba luncedo kubantu abane-atrial fibrillation eqhubekayo, engapheliyo, okanye engapheliyo.

4. Izixhobo

Ngexesha lenkqubo eyenziwa yingcali yentliziyo kwilebhu ye-electrophysiology, izixhobo ezithile zinokufakwa. Izixhobo ezisetyenziselwa ukunyanga isifo sentliziyo zezi:

• Isixhobo sokunceda intliziyo ukuba ihlale iphilile: Esi sixhobo sithumela imiqondiso emincinci yombane kwizihlunu zentliziyo, nto leyo enceda ukugcina isantya sentliziyo sihamba kakuhle kwaye ithintele intliziyo ukuba ingabethe kancinci.
• I-Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator (ICD): Esi sixhobo sihlala sijonga isingqisho sentliziyo yakho. Xa sibona isingqisho sentliziyo esikhawulezayo nesingaqhelekanga, sibangela ukothuka kwimisipha yentliziyo ukunceda ukuyibuyisela kwisingqisho esiqhelekileyo. Esi sixhobo sinyanga izingqisho zentliziyo ezimbini ezisongela ubomi ezibizwa ngokuba yiVentricular Tachycardia kunye neVentricular Fibrillation .
• IiPacemakers kunye neeDefibrillators zeBiventricular (BV): Ezi zikwabizwa ngokuba yiCardiac Resynchronization Therapy (CRT) , ezi zixhobo zinceda ukuvumelanisa ukuqiniswa kwe-ventricle yakho yasekhohlo. Ukongeza kwiintambo (iintambo ezincinci) eziya kwicala lasekunene lentliziyo, kukwakho nentambo eya kwi-ventricle yasekhohlo. Oku kunokufuneka kubantu abanesifo sentliziyo kunye nokuqiniswa okungahambelaniyo kwe-ventricle yasekhohlo.

5. Utyando

Abantu abane-arrhythmia banokudinga utyando lwentliziyo ngenxa yezi zizathu zilandelayo:

• Nyanga isifo sentliziyo esinokubangela i-arrhythmia. Umzekelo, utyando lwe-valve okanye utyando lwe-coronary artery bypass .
• Inkqubo yeMaze: Oku kungasetyenziselwa ukunyanga i-atrial fibrillation engenakulawulwa ngamayeza okanye ngonyango olungelulo utyando.
• Kwezinye iimeko, ugqirha unokufaka i-biventricular pacemaker leads (iintambo ezincinci) entliziyweni yakho esebenzisa iindlela zotyando ezingangenisi kakhulu okanye ezingafunekiyo.

Ngaba kukho naziphi na iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga kunye neengxaki zonyango?

Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga kunye neengxaki ziyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kunyango. Ezinye zazo ziquka:

• Amayeza e-Arrhythmia:
• Iimpendulo ze-allergy
• Isiyezi
• Intloko ebuhlungu
• Ukopha
• Isisu esimoshakele
• Ukuguqulwa kwentliziyo:
• Ukwakhiwa kwamahlwili egazi
• Imivumbo yesikhumba
• Ukuqhambuka kwesikhumba
• Ukususwa kweCatheter:
• Ukopha
• Amahlwili egazi
• Istroke
• Usulelo
• Ukulimala kumthambo okanye kwithishu yentliziyo
• Ukuzahlula kwiMithambo yeMiphunga:
• Ukunganyamezelani nedayi (ukuba isetyenzisiwe)
• Usulelo
• Ukulimala entliziyweni yakho, emqaleni okanye emthanjeni
• Istroke
• Izixhobo:
• Ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwesixhobo
• Usulelo
• Ukopha
• Umphunga owileyo
• Utyando:
• Ukopha
• Usulelo
• Istroke
• Ukuhlaselwa yintliziyo
• Imfuneko ye-pacemaker

Kuthatha ixesha elingakanani ukuze uzive ungcono emva konyango?

Kungathatha ixesha ukufumana amayeza afanelekileyo kunye nomlinganiselo we-arrhythmia yakho. Ngokuxhomekeke kwinkqubo okanye utyando, ukuchacha kungathatha iiveki okanye iinyanga. Ukuba unenkqubo efana ne -Catheter Ablation okanye i-Pulmonary Vein Isolation , usenokuba ne-arrhythmia kangangeeveki ezininzi ngelixa uchacha. Ugqirha wakho uza kukuxelela into omawuyilindele ngokusekelwe kwimeko yakho ethile.

Indlela yokunciphisa umngcipheko we-arrhythmia?

Ungenza ezi zinto ukunciphisa umngcipheko wakho we-arrhythmia:

• Yeka ukusebenzisa iimveliso zecuba.
• Nciphisa ukusetyenziswa kotywala.
• Nciphisa okanye uyeke ukusebenzisa i-caffeine. Abanye abantu bayayiva i-caffeine. Basenokuba neempawu ezingakumbi xa besela iimveliso ezine-caffeine (iti, ikofu, i-cola, amanye amayeza athengiswa ngaphandle kwemvume kagqirha).
• Musa ukuthatha izinto ezivuselelayo. Lumka izinto ezivuselelayo ezifumaneka kumayeza okukhwehlela nawomkhuhlane kunye nezongezo zemifuno okanye zesondlo. Amanye ala mayeza anokuba nezithako ezinokubangela ukubetha kwentliziyo okungahambelaniyo. Funda ilebheli uze ubuze ugqirha wakho ukuba loluphi unyango olukulungeleyo.
• Lawula uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu.
• Zama ukugcina ubunzima obusempilweni.
• Lawula amanqanaba eswekile egazini lakho.
• Fumana unyango lwe-sleep apnea.
• Ziphephe izinto ezibonakala ngathi zibangela i-arrhythmia.

Yintoni endimele ndiyilindele ukuba ndine-arrhythmia?

Ngokuxhomekeke kuhlobo lwesifo sentliziyo onayo, usenokuba neempawu ezincinci okanye ezinzima, okanye ungabi nazo kwaphela iimpawu. Usenokungadingi unyango, kodwa abanye abantu banokufuna amayeza okanye utyando. Ngonyango lweengxaki zentliziyo, uninzi lwabantu lunokuphila ubomi obupheleleyo. Abanye abantu abane-arrhythmias enzulu banokubanjwa yintliziyo , kwaye banokusinda okanye bangasindi.

Ukuba i-arrhythmia ihlala ixesha elingakanani nayo ibalulekile. I-arrhythmia engenabungozi iyafika idlule kuxhomekeke kwisizathu. Nangona kunjalo, abantu abanezinye iintlobo ze-arrhythmias - ingakumbi abo basengozini yokubanjwa yintliziyo - banokufuna unyango lobomi bonke.

Ndingazinyamekela njani?

Ukuba unesifo sentliziyo esingapheliyo, kunokuba luncedo ukwazi indlela yokuthatha i-pulse yakho . I-pulse yakho yi-heart rate yakho, elinani lee-heart rates zakho ezibetha ngomzuzu. Amanani e-pulse ayahluka kumntu nomntu. I-heart rate yakho iyacotha xa uphumle kwaye iyanda xa uzilolonga. I-heart rate eqhelekileyo (xa uphumle) iphakathi kwe-60 kunye ne-100 beats ngomzuzu. Ukuba une- fitness tracker okanye i-smartwatch , ungayisebenzisa ukujonga i-heart rate yakho.

Kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuba usapho lwakho kunye nabahlobo bayayazi indlela yokubona iimpawu ze-arrhythmia yakho. Uya kuziva ungcono ukuba bafunda indlela yokwenza i-CPR (Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation) .

Zeziphi izinto ongenakukwazi ukuzitya okanye ukuzisela xa unesi sifo?

Ukuba une-arrhythmia, kufuneka unciphise ukutya kwakho utywala kunye ne-caffeine, zombini ezi zinto zinokubangela i-arrhythmia.

Ndifanele ndimbone nini ugqirha wam?

Uza kukuxelela ukuba kufuneka uye kugqirha wakho kangaphi. Ukuba iimpawu zakho ziya zisiba mandundu okanye ziya zisiba mandundu phakathi kwexesha lokubonana nogqirha, thetha nogqirha wakho .

Ufanele udibane nogqirha rhoqo ngezi zinto zilandelayo:

• Jonga ukuba unyango lwakho lwe-arrhythmia luyasebenza na.
• Lungisa amayeza akho ngokufanelekileyo.
• Jonga indlela ezisebenza kakuhle ngayo izixhobo ezifakelweyo.
• Qiniseka ukuba usempilweni kwaye awunazo ezinye iingxaki zempilo.

Ndingaya nini kwiYunithi yoNyango oluNgxamisekileyo (i-ETU) ?

Funa uncedo lwezonyango ngokukhawuleza ukuba unayo nayiphi na kwezi:

• Ubunzima bokuphefumla.
• Iintlungu zesifuba.
• Isiyezi.
• Iziqendu zokuquleka.

Ndingayibuza yiphi imibuzo ugqirha wam?

Eminye imibuzo ongathanda ukuyibuza ugqirha wakho:

• Luhlobo luni lwe-arrhythmia endinalo?
• Ngaba ndifuna unyango?
• Yeyiphi indlela engcono yonyango kum?
• Ndingenza ntoni ukuze ndigcine isixhobo sam sisebenza kakuhle?

Zininzi iindlela intliziyo yakho enokubetha ngazo ngokungacwangciswanga. Ezinye zezi ntliziyo zingacwangciswanga, ezibizwa ngokuba yi-arrhythmias, azibangeli zimpawu. Kubalulekile ukubona ugqirha wakho ukuba uneempawu ezifana nokudinwa kakhulu okanye iintlungu zesifuba. Ugqirha wakho anokukunceda ukhethe ezona ndlela zonyango zilungileyo kuwe, kodwa ungazinceda ngokwenza utshintsho olufanelekileyo kwindlela ophila ngayo.

Okokugqibela, izinto ekufuneka uzikhumbule

Ukubetha kwentliziyo okungaqhelekanga, okanye i-arrhythmia, kusenokungabi yinto embi kwabanye abantu, kodwa kunokuba yingozi ebomini kwabanye. Ke ngoko, ukuba uxinezelekile esifubeni, ubunzima bokuphefumla, okanye isiyezi rhoqo, qiniseka ukuba ufuna ingcebiso kagqirha. Ukuba ufunyenwe kwangethuba kwaye unyangwa ngokufanelekileyo, uninzi lwabantu lunokuphila ubomi obuqhelekileyo. Musa ukoyika, eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukwazi.

Ukubetha kwentliziyo , i-Arrhythmia, isifo sentliziyo, iintlungu zesifuba, i-ECG, unyango lwentliziyo, ukungalungi kwentliziyo