Ngaba wena okanye umntu omaziyo ukhe wanyangwa ngemitha esifubeni ngenxa yomhlaza? Ukuba kunjalo, eli bali liza kuba libaluleke kakhulu kuwe. Nangona unyango lomhlaza lubalulekile, ngamanye amaxesha unyango lunokuba nefuthe kwiintliziyo zethu. Ungakhathazeki, oku akwenzeki kuye wonke umntu, kwaye ngobuchwepheshe obuphambili obufumanekayo namhlanje, le ngozi inciphile kakhulu. Nangona kunjalo, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqaphela oku. Masithethe ngayo yonke into ngokulula.
Yintoni iRadiation Heart Disease?
Ngamafutshane, xa imitha enamandla aphezulu (imitha) esetyenziselwa ukutshabalalisa iiseli zomhlaza inikwa indawo yesifuba, intliziyo ekufutshane nayo inokonakala. Iimeko ezahlukeneyo zentliziyo ezibangelwa ngulo monakalo entliziyweni zidla ngokubizwa ngokuba sisifo sentliziyo semitha .
Into ekhethekileyo ngale nto kukuba ngamanye amaxesha ezi mpawu zesifo sentliziyo zinokubonakala kwiiveki ezimbalwa emva konyango. Nangona kunjalo, kwabanye, ezi ngxaki zinokuqhubeka iminyaka, mhlawumbi iminyaka eli-10 okanye engama-20, ngaphandle kweempawu.
Lo mngcipheko uphezulu kakhulu kubantu abafumana unyango lwe-radiation esifubeni ngenxa yezi ntlobo zilandelayo zomhlaza:
- Umhlaza webele (ingakumbi kwibele lasekhohlo)
- Umhlaza wemiphunga
- Umhlaza wesisu
- Umhlaza we-lymph nodes, njenge-Hodgkin lymphoma
Olu nyango lwemitha luyichaphazela njani intliziyo?
Khawucinge nje, umsebe onamandla wemitha otshabalalisa iiseli zomhlaza uphinda ubethe kwizicubu ezithambileyo zentliziyo, ezikufutshane. Oku kunokukhokelela kwizinto ezimbini eziphambili.
1. Iziphumo zexesha elifutshane: Ukudumba kwezicubu zentliziyo kunokwenzeka ngexesha okanye emva nje konyango. Oku kuthetha ukuba iindawo ezithile zentliziyo ziyadumba.
2. Iziphumo zexesha elide: Ekuhambeni kwexesha, izicubu zentliziyo ezonakeleyo yimitha ziyaqina kancinci kancinci, zibe yi-fibrous, kwaye zilahlekelwe bukuqina kwazo . Njengenxeba elijika libe sisilonda. Xa oku kusenzeka, izicubu azisenakukwazi ukwenza umsebenzi wazo ngokufanelekileyo.
Kukho iindawo ezininzi eziphambili zentliziyo ezinokonakala ngale ndlela. Makhe sijonge ukuba zeziphi.
| Inxalenye yentliziyo | Isiphumo silula nje |
|---|---|
| Imithambo yeCoronary | Le mithambo yegazi ehambisa igazi entliziyweni inokuncitshiswa okanye ivalwe, nto leyo eyonyusa umngcipheko wokuhlaselwa yintliziyo. |
| Iivalvu zentliziyo | Iivalvu ezisebenza njengeengcango phakathi kwamagumbi entliziyo zinokuqina zingavuli okanye zivaleke kakuhle. |
| Imisipha yentliziyo (iMyocardium) | Izihlunu ezinceda ipompo yentliziyo zinokuba buthathaka okanye zibe ngqindilili, nto leyo enciphisa amandla entliziyo okusebenza. |
| I-Pericardium | Inwebu ekhuselayo ejikeleze intliziyo inokuba nokuvuvukala (ukudumba) okanye ibe nkulu ize iqine. |
| Inkqubo yokuqhuba umbane | Inkqubo yombane elawula isantya sentliziyo kunye nesingqisho sayo inokonakala, nto leyo ebangela ukuba ukubetha kwentliziyo kungabi ngendlela engaqhelekanga. |
Zithini iimpawu zale meko?
Iimpawu zingahluka ngokuxhomekeke ekubeni zivela nini na nakwinxalenye yentliziyo echaphazelekileyo. Masizihlukanise zibe ziindidi ezimbini.
Iimpawu zexesha elifutshane
Ezi zifo zihlala zenzeka kwiiveki okanye kwiinyanga emva konyango. Iimeko eziphambili yi -pericarditis kunye ne -pericardial effusion .
Uphawu oluphambili lwazo zombini ezi meko ziintlungu eziqatha zesifuba . Kukho iimpawu ezithile zale ntlungu:
- Intlungu iyancipha xa ndihleli ndigoba phambili .
- Intlungu iyanda xa uphefumla nzulu .
- Abanye abantu banokufumana ukuphefumla okufutshane (i-dyspnea) eyanciphayo xa begoba phambili .
Iimpawu zexesha elide
Ezi zezona zidla ngokubonakala emva kweminyaka. Ekuqaleni kusenokungabikho zimpawu, kodwa iimpawu zibonakala kuphela emva kokuba isifo siqhubeke kancinci. Nangona iimpawu zahlukile ngokuxhomekeke kuhlobo lwesifo sentliziyo, ezi zezona mpawu zixhaphakileyo:
- Intlungu okanye ukungakhululeki esifubeni: Kusenokuvakala ngathi kukucinezelwa okanye ukucinezelwa.
- Ukuphelelwa ngumphefumlo (ukuphelelwa ngamandla): Ubunzima bokuphefumla nokuba wenza umsebenzi olula okanye uhambahambayo. Olu bunzima ngamanye amaxesha lunokubakho nokuba ulele ebusuku.
- Ukudumba kwemilenze, amaqatha, iinyawo, okanye isisu (Edema): Imvakalelo yolwelo oluzalisa umzimba.
- Ukubetha kwentliziyo: Intliziyo ibetha ngokukhawuleza kakhulu okanye ngokungacwangciswanga .
- Ukuba nesiyezi okanye ukuquleka (syncope) .
- Ukuziva udiniwe kakhulu kwaye ubuthathaka rhoqo .
- Ukukhohlela okomileyo .
- Isicaphucaphu .
Into ekufuneka iqwalaselwe!
Kwezinye iimeko ezinzima kakhulu, le meko inokukhokelela ekuhlaselweni yintliziyo okanye ekumisweni yintliziyo. Ezi ziimeko ezingxamisekileyo ezisongela ubomi. Ukuba uneempawu ezifana nentlungu yesifuba, ubunzima obukhulu bokuphefumla, okanye intlungu ephuma engalweni yakho yasekhohlo , yiya kwiSebe lezeMpilo eziNgxamisekileyo lesibhedlele (ETU) ngaphandle kokulibazisa.
Ngubani osengozini enkulu?
Akuyena wonke umntu oye wafumana unyango lwe-radiation esifubeni oya kuba nale meko, kodwa kukho izinto ezithile ezinokunyusa umngcipheko.
| Into enobungozi | Inkcazo |
|---|---|
| Idosi yemitha efunyenweyo | Iyunithi yokulinganisa ukuvezwa kwimitha yiGrey (Gy). Ngokuqhelekileyo, ukuba intliziyo ifumene idosi engaphezulu kwe-30 Gy, umngcipheko uphezulu. |
| Indawo ekhanyisiweyo | Umngcipheko uphezulu ukuba imitha inikwa kwicala lasekhohlo lesifuba (icala apho intliziyo ikhona). |
| Ezinye iindlela zonyango lomhlaza | Umngcipheko uyanda ukuba ufumana amayeza athile e-chemotherapy (umz. i-anthracyclines, i-trastuzumab ) anokuchaphazela intliziyo kunye nonyango lwe-radiation. |
| Ubudala kunyango | Ukuba ufumene unyango lwe-radiation usemncinci, usengozini enkulu yokuba nesifo sentliziyo ekuhambeni kwexesha. |
| Izifo ezazikho ngaphambili | Ukuba neemeko ezifana nesifo sentliziyo, isifo seswekile, uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu, kunye ne-cholesterol ephezulu kwanangaphambi kokuba unyango lwe-radiation lunyuse umngcipheko. |
| Indlela yokuphila | Imikhwa efana nokutshaya, ukusela utywala ngokugqithisileyo, ukutyeba kakhulu, nokungazilolongi nako kuyandisa le ngozi. |
Ngaba le ngozi yehlile ngenxa yeteknoloji yanamhlanje?
Ewe, ngokuqinisekileyo. Ezi zezona ndaba zibalaseleyo. Ukususela oko oogqirha kunye nososayensi bafunde ngale ngozi, baye baphuhlisa iindlela eziphambili ezinokunciphisa ubungakanani bemitha efikelela entliziyweni. Ngenxa yoko, abantu abafumana unyango lwemitha namhlanje banomngcipheko ophantsi kakhulu wokufumana esi sifo sentliziyo.
Nazi ezinye zeendlela eziphambili:
- Unyango lwemitha olulawulwa ngamandla (IMRT): Le yindlela esebenzisa imephu ye-3D enemilinganiselo emithathu (3D) yesimo esichanekileyo sethumba kwaye inika imitha kuphela kulo. Oku kubangela umonakalo omncinci kwizicwili eziphilileyo ezijikelezileyo, ingakumbi intliziyo.
- Unyango lweProton: Le yindlela yonyango ephucuke kakhulu, ejolise ngqo kuyo.
- Iindlela zokulawula ukuphefumla: Ingakumbi xa kunyangwa umhlaza webele, isigulane sicelwa ukuba siphefumle nzulu size sibambe ngelixa kunikwa imitha. Oku kuvumela imiphunga ukuba yande kwaye intliziyo ibe kude kancinci nomhlaza, nto leyo enciphisa ubungakanani bemitha efikelela entliziyweni.
Ndingawunciphisa njani umngcipheko wam?
Ukuba ukhe wanyangwa nge-radiation esifubeni sakho, eyona nto ingcono onokuyenza kukuphila ubomi obusempilweni . Oku kunokunceda ukunciphisa umngcipheko wakho wesifo sentliziyo.
- Ukuba uyatshaya, yeka namhlanje. Le yeyona sigqibo sibalulekileyo onokusenza.
- Yitya ukutya okunempilo. Yitya imifuno emininzi, iziqhamo, iimbotyi, kunye neenkozo ezipheleleyo. Nciphisa ioyile, ityuwa, kunye neswekile.
- Zilolonge rhoqo. Nokuba yinto elula njengokuhamba imizuzu engama-30 ngosuku inokwenza umahluko omkhulu.
- Lawula uxinzelelo lwegazi kunye namanqanaba e-cholesterol.Thetha nogqirha wakho uze umhlole rhoqo. Sela amayeza ukuba kuyimfuneko.
- Nciphisa ukusetyenziswa kotywala.
- Ukuba unesifo seswekile, silawule kakuhle.
- Lawula ubunzima bomzimba wakho.
Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuhlala unxibelelana nogqirha wakho nokuba sele ugqibile unyango lwakho lomhlaza. Mkhumbuze ukuba ukhe wasebenzisa unyango lwe-radiation. Ugqirha wakho unokucebisa ukuba wenze uvavanyo, olufana ne-echocardiogram, ukujonga ukusebenza kwentliziyo yakho rhoqo emva kweminyaka emi-5 ukuya kweli-10.
Ufanele uye nini kugqirha?
Ukuba ukhe wanyangwa ngemitha esifubeni sakho waza wabonakalisa naziphi na iimpawu zentliziyo ezidweliswe apha ngasentla (ezifana neentlungu esifubeni, ukuphefumla kancinci, ukudumba emilenzeni yakho, okanye ukubetha kwentliziyo okungahambelaniyo), bona ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko. Okukhona isifo sifunyanwa kwangethuba, kokukhona kulula ukunyanga.
Ukuba ufumana iimpawu zokuhlaselwa yintliziyo, musa ukuhlala ekhaya. Yiya kwiYunithi yoNyango oluNgxamisekileyo (ETU) ngoko nangoko.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Unyango lwemitha lomhlaza esifubeni lunokubangela isifo sentliziyo kwabanye abantu ngokuhamba kwexesha. Ezi mpawu zisenokungabonakali de kube yiminyaka kamva.
- Kodwa akukho mfuneko yokoyika. Ngenxa yeteknoloji yanamhlanje yonyango ngemitha, le ngozi ngoku incitshisiwe kakhulu.
- Lumka ngeempawu ezifana neentlungu zesifuba, ubunzima bokuphefumla, ukudumba kwemilenze, kunye nokubetha kwentliziyo okungaqhelekanga.
- Eyona nto ingcono onokuyenza kukuphila ubomi obusempilweni. Ukuphepha ukutshaya, ukutya ukutya okunempilo, kunye nokuzilolonga kubaluleke kakhulu.
- Nokuba emva konyango lomhlaza, hlala unxibelelana nogqirha wakho rhoqo uze ufumane iimvavanyo ezifunekayo. Ukufunyanwa kwangoko kunokukhokelela kunyango oluphumelelayo.
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