Kuqhelekile ukuziva usoyika kwaye unexhala xa usiva amagama athi "umhlaza" kunye "nonyango lwemitha" okanye njengoko sithanda ukuyibiza, "unyango lwemitha." Kodwa yintoni kanye kanye le? Kuthetha ukuthini oku? Wakuba uyazi kakuhle ukuba yintoni, uloyiko lwakho luya kuphela. Ngoko ke, namhlanje siza kuthetha ngayo yonke into malunga nonyango lwemitha yomhlaza webele, ngokulula, ngendlela onokuyiqonda.
Ngamafutshane, yintoni unyango lwemitha?
Unyango lwemitha lusebenzisa ii-X-reyi ezinamandla kakhulu ukubulala okanye ukonakalisa iiseli zomhlaza ebeleni lakho. Ngokuqhelekileyo, umntu onomhlaza webele uyenziwa utyando lokususa umhlaza. Kodwa nasemva koko, kusenokushiyeka iiseli zomhlaza ezincinci kakhulu kwindawo esingenakuzibona. Unyango lwemitha lusetyenziselwa ukutshabalalisa ngokupheleleyo naziphi na iiseli zomhlaza eziseleyo.
Ngamanye amaxesha, ukuba umhlaza usasazeke kwamanye amalungu omzimba (umhlaza webele osasazekayo), olu nyango lukwasetyenziselwa ukulawula iimpawu ezifana neentlungu. Kufana nokuthatha itotshi enamandla kakhulu uze uyijolise ngqo kwiiseli zomhlaza uze uzitshabalalise.
Zeziphi iindlela zonyango zemitha ezikhoyo?
Kukho iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokunika olu nyango. Ugqirha wakho uya kugqiba ukuba yeyiphi indlela efanelekileyo kuwe, kuxhomekeke kwizinto ezininzi, njengohlobo lomhlaza onalo kunye nendawo okhoyo kuyo.
Makhe sijonge iindlela eziphambili ezinje.
| Igama lendlela yonyango | Indlela yokwenza oku ilula. |
|---|---|
| Unyango lweMisebe yangaphandle (i-EBRT) | Le yeyona ndlela isetyenziswa kakhulu. Umatshini omkhulu (i-Linear Accelerator) usetyenziselwa ukuhambisa imisebe yemitha emabeleni. Olu nyango ludla ngokwenziwa iintsuku ezintlanu ngeveki, kangangeveki enye ukuya kwezintandathu. |
| Unyango lwangaphakathi lwemitha (iBrachytherapy) | Oku kuquka ukufaka into efana nembewu enemisebe ngetyhubhu encinci (i-catheter) kwindawo apho umhlaza ubukhona khona. Ishiywa endaweni yayo imizuzu embalwa ize isuswe. Olu nyango lwenziwa kabini ngemini kangangeentsuku ezintlanu. |
| Unyango lweMisebe ngaphakathi kotyando (IORT) | Oku kwenziwa ngexesha elinye notyando. Ugqirha uyasusa ithumba elinomhlaza aze anike idosi yemitha kwindawo apho ithumba lalikhona ngaphambi kokuba livale inxeba. |
Kwenzeka ntoni ngosuku lokuqala? (Iseshoni yocwangciso)
Usuku lokuqala lonyango lwakho asilosuku lonyango. Lusuku lokucwangcisa. Sisebenzisa olu suku ukubuza yonke imibuzo yakho, nokunceda iqela lezonyango likuchazele yonke into.
Kuza kwenzeka ntoni emva koko?
- Ukuthetha ngeshedyuli yonyango: Baza kukuchazela ukuba kuya kufuneka ufumane unyango ixesha elingakanani, kangaphi, kwaye kuya kuthatha ixesha elingakanani ngexesha. Nangona kudla ngokuthatha malunga nemizuzu engama-30-45, imitha inikwa imizuzu embalwa kuphela.
- Uza kuchazelwa ngenkqubo: indlela eza kunikwa ngayo imitha, apho iqela lezonyango liza kuba khona ngelo xesha, kunye noko ungakwaziyo ukukwenza (umzekelo, ukungashukumi).
- Uza kufundiswa iindlela zokukhusela intliziyo yakho nemiphunga: Uza kufundiswa iindlela ezikhethekileyo, ezifana nokubamba umoya ophefumlayo ngokunzulu, ngexesha lonyango. Oku kuya kunceda ukunciphisa imiphumo yemitha entliziyweni yakho nakwimiphunga.
- Uza kucetyiswa ngezinto onokuzenza ukuze uzive ukhululekile: umzekelo, ukunxiba impahla ekhululekileyo nengabambekiyo xa usiza kunyango, njengoko oku kuya kunciphisa ukukhuhlana kwesikhumba emabeleni akho.
- Ukuthetha ngemiphumo emibi kunye nendlela yokujongana nayo: Ikuchazela ukuba zeziphi iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezinokubakho kunye nento onokuyenza ngazo.
I-CT scan yenziwe ngexesha leseshoni yokucwangcisa
Ngaloo mini inye, uza kwenziwa i-CT scan ukuze ubone ukuba ufuna ukufumana phi imitha emabeleni akho. Oku kungathatha malunga neyure.
- Uza kubanjwa ungashukumi ebhedini yonyango ngoncedo lwesixhobo esikhethekileyo. Oku kukunceda uhlale kwindawo efanayo kulo lonke unyango.
- Emva koko, kubekwa amabala amancinci amane kwiikona ezine zale ndawo eza kunyangwa. La ngamabala amancinci abonakala ngathi yi-mole. Ngamanye amaxesha la ngama-tattoo ahlala ehleli, ngamanye amaxesha awexeshana. Oku kunokugqitywa ngokuthetha nogqirha wakho, kuxhomekeke kukhetho lwakho. La mabala akhona ukukunceda ujolise imitha kwindawo enye ngalo lonke ixesha.
Kwenzeka ntoni ngokwenene ngexesha lonyango?
Xa ufika ukuze ufumane unyango, ilungu leqela lezonyango liza kukubulisa lize likunike ilokhwe ekhethekileyo yokunxiba ngexesha lonyango lwakho. Emva koko:
1. Uza kusiwa kwigumbi lonyango.
2. Ukukunceda ungene ebhedini yonyango. Ixesha elininzi, kuya kufuneka ulale ngecala lakho. Kuya kufuneka ugcine ingalo yakho ecaleni apho umhlaza wakho ungaphezulu kwentloko yakho.
3. Uza kubekwa ngqo ngaphakathi kwesixhobo sokuzibamba esikhankanyiweyo apha ngasentla.
4. Emva koko, iqela lezonyango liza kuphuma kwigumbi. Kodwa ungakhathazeki, banokukubona kwiikhamera baze bakuve oko ukuthethayo.
5. Umatshini uvuliwe. Uza kuva isandi esincinci esivela kumatshini, kodwa awuyi kubona nayiphi na imisebe yemitha, kwaye awuyi kuva nto.
6. Xa unyango luphelile, baza kubuyela kwigumbi baze bakuncede uphume ebhedini.
Khumbula, akuyi kuva ntlungu kulo lonke eli xesha, ngoko ke akukho sizathu sokoyika.
Zithini iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zonyango?
Unyango lwemitha alubangeli ziphumo ezingalindelekanga kwangoko emva kokuba luqalisiwe. Nangona kunjalo, iziphumo ezingalindelekanga zexesha elifutshane nezexesha elide zinokuvela ngexesha nasemva konyango.
| Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zexesha elifutshane (ngexesha lonyango nasemva koko) | Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zexesha elide (iinyanga okanye iminyaka emva konyango) |
|---|---|
| Ukudinwa: Abantu abaninzi baziva bediniwe kancinci. Oku kuyaphela kwiiveki ezimbalwa emva kokuba unyango luphelile. | Imithambo yesigcawu (iTelangiectasias): Imithambo emincinci ebomvu inokuvela phezu kolusu. Oku kuqhelekile kwaye akukho nto ixhalabisayo. |
| Utshintsho lolusu: Ulusu lunokuba lomile, lube namaqhuqhuva, lube bomvu. Abanye abantu banokuba nokungcola okumanzi emakhwapheni okanye phantsi kwamabele. | Utshintsho kubungakanani bebele: Ibele lisenokuba likhulu okanye libe lincinci kunangaphambili. |
| Ukutshintsha kombala wolusu: Umntu onolusu olukhanyayo unokuba nenkangeleko etsha lilanga, ngelixa umntu onolusu olumnyama enokuba nenkangeleko emnyama. | I-Lymphedema: Ukuba i-radiation inikwe ii-lymph nodes ezikwikhwapha, ingalo ekwelo cala inokuvuvukala. |
| Intlungu yamabele: Abanye abantu basenokuba nentlungu engephi ngamanye amaxesha okanye intlungu ehlabayo emabeleni abo. | Ukudinwa okuhlala ixesha elide: Abanye abantu banokuziva bediniwe kangangeenyanga emva kokuba unyango luphelile. |
Kubalulekile: Ngokungafaniyo ne-chemotherapy, olu nyango aluzisusi iinwele entlokweni. Nangona kunjalo, iinwele ezisemakhwapheni zisenokususwa.
Zithini iingenelo zolu nyango?
Unyango ngemitha yindlela esebenzayo kakhulu yokujolisa iiseli zomhlaza ngaphandle kokulimaza izicwili eziphilileyo ezijikelezileyo. Uphando lufumanise ukuba izigulane zomhlaza webele ezikwinqanaba lokuqala ezifumana unyango ngemitha emva kotyando zinomngcipheko omncinci wokubuya komhlaza wazo. Enyanisweni, ngaphantsi kwe-5% yezigulana ezityandwayo kunye nonyango ngemitha zinezinga lokuphinda zibuye emva kweminyaka eli-10 emva kotyando.
Ngaba kukho naziphi na iingozi okanye iingxaki?
Ezi zizinto ezingaqhelekanga kakhulu , kodwa kubalulekile ukuba uzazi.
- Ukuqhekeka kwembambo
- Iingxaki zentliziyo (Isifo sentliziyo esibangelwa yimisebe)
- Iingxaki zemiphunga (i-Pulmonary fibrosis)
- Ukonakala kwemithambo-luvo egxalabeni nasengalweni (iBrachial plexopathy)
- Kunqabile kakhulu ukuba umhlaza omtsha (i-Angiosarcoma) uvele kwindawo enyangiweyo.
Khumbula ukuba ezi ngozi zincinci kakhulu. Ugqirha wakho uza kwenza konke okusemandleni akhe ukunciphisa ezi ngozi.
Ndingazinyamekela njani ngexesha lonyango nasemva kwalo?
Ixesha lonyango lisenokuba lingakukhathazi kancinci. Usenokuziva urhawuzelelwa, uqaqanjelwa, kwaye udiniwe. Nazi ezinye iingcebiso zokukunceda ngeli xesha.
- Nxiba impahla yekotoni ekhululekileyo: Ukunxiba impahla eqinileyo kunye neebra eziqinileyo kunokukhuhla ulusu kwaye kwandise intlungu.
- Lumka ngakumbi ulusu lwakho: Hlamba ulusu lwakho ngesepha ethambileyo namanzi afudumeleyo. Buza iqela lakho lezonyango malunga nekhrimu engacaphukisiyo efanelekileyo kulusu lwakho.
- Phumla kakuhle:Ungaziva udiniwe ngakumbi kwiintsuku ezimbalwa zokugqibela zonyango. Qiniseka ukuba uzinika ixesha lokuphumla ngexesha lemisebenzi yakho yemihla ngemihla.
- Yitya kakuhle: Ukutya okunesondlo (iinkozo, iziqhamo, imifuno, inyama engenamafutha amaninzi, ubisi olunamafutha aphantsi) kuya kukunceda uhlale unamandla.
- Ukuzilolonga: Ukuzilolonga okulula njengokuhamba imizuzu engama-30 ngosuku kunokunceda ekulawuleni ukudinwa.
Imibuzo ebalulekileyo ekufuneka uyibuze ugqirha wakho
Ungoyiki ukuthetha nogqirha wakho ngayo yonke into esengqondweni yakho. Nazi ezinye zemibuzo onokuzibuza yona.
- Loluphi unyango lwemitha olucetyiswayo kum kwaye ngoba?
- Kuthatha ixesha elingakanani olu nyango? Kufuneka ndiye kangaphi?
- Zeziphi iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zexesha elifutshane endinokuzilindela ngexesha lonyango?
- Yintoni enokwenziwa ukunciphisa ezo ziphumo ebezingalindelekanga?
- Ukuba ndineziphumo ebezingalindelekanga, ndimele ndixelele bani? Ndimele ndizixelele nini?
- Olu nyango luza kuyichaphazela njani ubomi bam bemihla ngemihla? Ngaba ndiza kukwazi ukuya emsebenzini okanye ukuzilolonga?
- Zithini iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezinokubakho ixesha elide ngenxa yolu nyango?
- Ukuba ndiziva ndinoloyiko okanye ndixhalabile kakhulu ngolu nyango, ndingathetha nabani?
- Siza kwazi nini ukuba olu nyango luphumelele? Njani?
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Unyango lwemitha lunyango olusebenzayo kakhulu nolujoliswe ngqo kumhlaza webele. Musa ukuyoyika ngokungeyomfuneko.
- Le ndlela yonyango inciphisa kakhulu umngcipheko wokuphinda umhlaza.
- Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezifana nokudinwa kunye notshintsho lolusu zinokwenzeka ngexesha lonyango, kodwa uninzi lwazo zinokulawulwa.
- Ungaze ungathandabuzi ukwazisa ugqirha wakho okanye iqela lezonyango ngayo nayiphi na ingxaki onokuba unayo.
- Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuphumla ngokwaneleyo, ukutya ukutya okunesondlo, kunye nokugcina ingqondo yakho ikhululekile ngexesha lonyango.
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