Mhlawumbi ukhe weva ngomhlaza webele, okanye i-osteoporosis. Namhlanje siza kuthetha ngodidi olukhethekileyo lwamayeza asetyenziselwa ukunyanga zombini ezi meko. Abizwa ngokuba yi-Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators, okanye ii-SERM ngamafutshane. Nangona igama lisenokuvakala ngathi lelesayensi, indlela asebenza ngayo ilula kakhulu. Makhe sijonge ukuba zithini ii-SERM kunye nendlela ezichaphazela ngayo imizimba yethu.
Kalula nje, zithini ezi SERM?
Ii-SERM luhlobo lwamayeza alawula okanye atshintsha indlela esebenza ngayo i-hormone ye-estrogen emzimbeni wethu. Cinga nge-estrogen njengesitshixo. Iiseli zomzimba wethu zine-receptors ezihambelana nesi sitshixo. Xa i-estrogen ibopha kwezi receptors, ezo seli zifumana imiyalezo ethile. Umzekelo, umyalezo ozixelela ukuba "zikhule."
Ii-SERM zenza umsebenzi omhle kakhulu. Zithintela i-estrogen ukuba ingangeni kwi-keyhole kwezinye iindawo zomzimba. Kwaye, kwezinye iindawo zomzimba, la mayeza asebenza njenge-estrogen . Oko kuthetha ukuba iyeza elifanayo lenza izinto ezimbini, kuxhomekeke kwindawo elikuyo. Kufana nomntu omnye osebenza njengomkhuseli ngexesha elinye aze abe ngumncedisi kwelinye.
Amayeza amabini asetyenziswa kakhulu kweli qela yi -tamoxifen kunye ne -raloxifene .
Zisebenza njani ezi SERM?
Njengoko besitshilo ngaphambili, ezi zinto zisebenza ngokwahlukileyo kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo. Masicacise loo nto kancinci.
1. Ngokuphathelele umhlaza webele: Kukho iintlobo ezithile zomhlaza webele ezincedwa ukuba zikhule yi-hormone estrogen. Sibiza ezi hormone receptor (HR) positive okanye i-estrogen receptor (ER) positive umhlaza webele. Ezi ntlobo zeeseli zomhlaza zineendawo kumphezulu wazo apho i-estrogen ibopha khona. Xa i-estrogen ibopha kwezi ndawo, iiseli zomhlaza zifumana umyalezo othi "zahlule kwaye zikhule ngakumbi." Ii-SERM zisebenza ngokuvala ezi ndawo ngaphambi kokuba i-estrogen yenze njalo. Kufana nokufaka isitshixo esingalunganga kumngxunya wesitshixo. Emva koko i-estrogen efanelekileyo ayinakufikelela kwisitshixo ize ibophe. Oku kuyayekisa iiseli zomhlaza ekukhuliseni umyalezo.
2. Impilo yamathambo: Kwelinye icala, i-estrogen yi-hormone ebaluleke kakhulu ekugcineni amathambo ethu eqinile. Ingakumbi emva kokuya exesheni, amanqanaba e-estrogen kwabasetyhini ayancipha, nto leyo enyusa umngcipheko wokulahlekelwa ngamathambo, okanye i-osteoporosis . Ngeli xesha, ii-SERM zisebenza kwiiseli zamathambo ngendlela efanayo ne-estrogen . Oko kukuthi, ziya emathanjeni zize ziwanike umyalezo othi, "Hlala uqinile, ungalahli i-calcium."
Uyaqonda? Eli yeza linye lithintela ukusebenza kwe-estrogen emabeleni, ngelixa lisebenza njenge-estrogen emathanjeni kwaye likhusela amathambo. Le yeyona nto ikhethekileyo kula mayeza.
Kuxa kusetyenziswa ii-SERM?
Oogqirha bacebisa kakhulu eli yeza kwiimeko ezahlukeneyo.
Yomhlaza webele
- Kwabasetyhini abasengozini enkulu yokuba nomhlaza webele one-ER: Ukuba kukho umntu kusapho lwakhe obenalo mhlaza, okanye ukuba uvavanyo lwemfuza luqinisekisile ukuba baneziguquguquko zemfuza ezonyusa umngcipheko wokuba nomhlaza, banikwa eli yeza lokuthintela umhlaza ngaphambi kokuba ukhule.
- Kwabo batyandwe umhlaza webele: Emva kotyando, la mayeza anikwa ukuthintela umhlaza ukuba ungabuyi (ukuphinda ubuye). Akwanceda ukuthintela umhlaza ukuba ungaphumi kwelinye ibele eliphilileyo.
- Kwi-DCIS (Ductal Carcinoma in Situ): Eli linqanaba lokuqala lomhlaza webele. Ii-SERM zisetyenziselwa ukuthintela ukuba le meko ingasasazeki ngakumbi.
- Ngomhlaza webele osasazeke kwamanye amalungu omzimba (iMetastatic Breast Cancer): Eli yeza linikwa ukulawula umhlaza.
- Kumhlaza wamabele wamadoda: Ewe, amadoda nawo anokufumana umhlaza wamabele. I-Tamoxifen ikwasetyenziselwa umhlaza we-ER-positive.
I-osteoporosis
Iyeza elibizwa ngokuba yi -raloxifene lisetyenziselwa ukulawula ukulahleka kwamathambo emva kokuya exesheni kunye nokunciphisa umngcipheko wokuqhekeka kwamathambo.
Luphumelele kangakanani olu nyango?
Ewe, ezi ziindlela zonyango ezisebenzayo kakhulu. Makhe sijonge ezinye zezinto ezifunyenwe kwizifundo:
- Ukunika abafazi abasengozini enkulu abangaphambi kokuya exesheni (abangakhange baye exesheni) i-tamoxifen kunokunciphisa umngcipheko womhlaza webele malunga ne-40% .
- Ukuba umntu oye watyandwa umhlaza kwelinye ibele uthatha i-tamoxifen, umngcipheko wokuba nomhlaza kwelinye ibele uncitshiswa ngama-50% .
- I-Tamoxifen inceda ekunciphiseni umngcipheko wokuphinda ubuye nge-30% ukuya kwi-50% kumntu onomhlaza webele okwinqanaba lokuqala.
- Izifundo zibonise ukuba iyeza i-raloxifene linciphisa umngcipheko wokuqhekeka komqolo kubafazi abasele beyekile ukuya exesheni abane-osteoporosis.
Zithini iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezinokubakho xa usebenzisa eli yeza?
Njengayo nayiphi na imithi, ii-SERM zinokubangela iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga. Nangona kunjalo, ayinguye wonke umntu ofumana zonke ezi ziphumo ebezingalindelekanga.Kubalulekile ukukhumbula loo nto. Kwakhona, iingenelo zala mayeza zihlala zingaphezulu kunemiphumo emibi. Ugqirha okunyangayo uza kukuchazela konke oku.
Kwitheyibhile engezantsi, sahlule iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga eziqhelekileyo nezingaqhelekanga zale mithi.
| Uhlobo lweyeza | Imiphumela |
|---|---|
| I-Tamoxifen - yabasetyhini | |
| Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga eziqhelekileyo |
|
| Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezingaqhelekanga kodwa ezinokuba yingozi |
|
| I-Raloxifene - yabasetyhini | |
| Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga eziqhelekileyo |
|
| I-Tamoxifen - yamadoda | |
| Imiphumela |
|
Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuthetha nogqirha wakho ngayo nayiphi na ingxaki oyifumanayo. Kukho iindlela ezilula zokulawula ezinye zeziphumo ebezingalindelekanga.
Ngaba ukungakhululeki okubangelwa ziziphumo ebezingalindelekanga kungancitshiswa?
Ewe, ngokuqinisekileyo unako. Zimbalwa izinto onokuzenza ukunceda ukunciphisa ukungakhululeki, ingakumbi iimpawu ezifana nokuya exesheni (ubushushu, ukungalali, ukoma kwelungu lobufazi).
- Nciphisa ubushushu: Nciphisa i-caffeine (ikofu, iti) kunye nokutya okuneziqholo. Abanye abantu bafumana isiqabu ngokutya ukutya okuqulethe ii-phytoestrogens, ezifana neesoya, iitshizi kunye neelentile.
- Ngeengxaki zokulala: Ukuzilolonga imihla ngemihla kukunceda ulale ngcono.
- Kwindawo yomile yelungu lobufazi: Kukho izinto zokuthambisa ilusu zelungu lobufazi ezikhethekileyo ezinokusetyenziselwa oku. Ungabuza ugqirha wakho ngezi zinto.
Ufanele ufune nini ingcebiso yezonyango ngokukhawuleza?
Ukuba uvakalelwa kukuba iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga eziqhelekileyo ziya zisiba mandundu, yazisa ugqirha wakho. Nangona kunjalo, kukho iimeko ezinzulu ezinokuthi zingafane zenzeke nge-SERMs. Ukuba ufumana naziphi na kwezi mpawu zilandelayo, ungalibazisi. Yiya kwigumbi likaxakeka lesibhedlele elikufutshane (ETU) ngoko nangoko.
- Ukuba ndindisholo okanye ubuthathaka kwelinye icala lomzimba okanye lobuso.
- Ubunzima bokuthetha, ukungakwazi ukuthetha kakuhle.
- Intloko ebuhlungu ngequbuliso.
- Ubunzima bokuphefumla ngequbuliso.
- Intlungu ebuhlungu esifubeni, engalweni, egxalabeni, okanye emhlathini eyenzeka ngaphandle kwesizathu esicacileyo.
Ezi zinokuba ziimpawu zestroke okanye i-pulmonary embolism, ngoko ke kufuneka uzilumkele kakhulu ezi zinto.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Ii-SERM luhlobo oluthile lwamayeza olutshintsha indlela esebenza ngayo i-hormone ye-estrogen emzimbeni.
- Ezi zisetyenziswa ngempumelelo kakhulu ukuthintela nokunyanga ezinye iintlobo zomhlaza wamabele kunye nokulawula ukulahleka kwamathambo.
- Eyona nto ikhethekileyo apha kukuba eli yeza linye lithintela ukusebenza kwe-estrogen kwelinye icala lomzimba, ngelixa lisebenza njenge-estrogen kwelinye icala.
- Njengazo zonke iziyobisi, iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zinokubakho. Nangona kunjalo, ayinguye wonke umntu ozifumanayo. Thetha nogqirha wakho malunga nokungonwabi okufumanayo.
- Qaphela iimpawu ezinzulu ezifana nestroke okanye ukuqhekeka kwegazi. Ukuba ufumana naziphi na kwezi mpawu, yiya kwiSebe lezeMpilo eziNgxamisekileyo (ETU) lesibhedlele ngoko nangoko.
- Ukuba usengozini yokuba nomhlaza webele okanye une-osteoporosis, thetha nogqirha wakho malunga nokuba olu nyango lwe-SERM lukulungele na kwaye uqiniseke ukuba uyaziqonda iingenelo kunye neengozi.
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