Ngaba wakha woyika xa ubona i-mole emzimbeni wakho ikhula ngequbuliso okanye itshintsha umbala? Okanye wakha wakrokrela kancinci nge-mole entsha? Uninzi lwethu alucingi kakhulu ngotshintsho oluselukhumbeni lwethu. Kodwa ngamanye amaxesha olu tshintsho luncinci lunokuba nebali elikhulu elifihliweyo ngaphakathi kulo. Namhlanje sithetha ngaloo nto, oko kukuthi, umhlaza wolusu, abantu abaninzi abawoyikayo, kodwa unokulawulwa ukuba unolwazi olufanelekileyo.
Ngamafutshane, yintoni umhlaza wolusu?
Ulusu lwethu lwenziwe ziiseli ezincinci. Ngokwesiqhelo, ezi seli ziyafa njengoko sikhula, kwaye iiseli ezintsha ziveliswa endaweni yazo. Le yinkqubo ehlelekileyo kakhulu. Nangona kunjalo, ngamanye amaxesha, ingakumbi xa ulusu lwethu luvezwa kwimitha ye-UV eyingozi evela elangeni, le nkqubo iyaphazama. Emva koko iiseli zolusu ziqala ukwahlukana ngokungalawulekiyo nangokukhawuleza kakhulu.
Kunokubakho iintlobo ezimbini zee-cell clusters ezintsha ezithi zibe ngolu hlobo.
1. Izimila ezingezizo ezomhlaza (ezingenobungozi): Ezi azisasazeki kwezinye iindawo zomzimba, ngoko ke azibangeli monakalo mkhulu.
2. Izimila ezinomhlaza: Ezi zezona ziyingozi kakhulu kuba zinokusasazeka kwizicwili ezingqongileyo nakwezinye iindawo zomzimba.
Eyona nto ilungileyo kukuba uninzi lomhlaza wolusu lunyangeka ngokupheleleyo ukuba lufunyenwe kwangethuba . Yiyo loo nto kufuneka silumke malunga notshintsho olwenzeka kulusu lwethu.
Ziziphi iintlobo eziphambili zomhlaza wolusu?
Kukho iintlobo ezintathu eziphambili zomhlaza wolusu. Makhe sizijonge ngokufutshane ezi.
| Uhlobo lomhlaza | Masifunde ngale nto. |
|---|---|
| I-Basal Cell Carcinoma | Olu lolona hlobo luqhelekileyo. Luqala kwiiseli ezisezantsi, ezikwindawo engaphantsi komaleko ongaphandle wolusu lwethu (i-epidermis). Luhlala lukhula kancinci, lungangenisi ntsholongwane. |
| I-Carcinoma yeSeli yeSquamous | Oku kuqala nakwiiseli ezi-squamous kumaleko angaphandle kwesikhumba. Kunokwenzeka ukuba isasazeke kancinci kune-basal cell carcinoma. |
| I-Melanoma | Olu lolona hlobo luyingozi kakhulu nolunzima . Lukhula kwiiseli ezibizwa ngokuba yi-melanocytes, ezivelisa umbala obizwa ngokuba yi-melanin onika ulusu lwethu umbala walo. Olu hlobo luyingozi kakhulu kuba lunokusasazeka ngokukhawuleza kwezinye iindawo zomzimba. |
Ukongeza kwezi ntlobo zintathu ziphambili, kukho ezinye iintlobo ezingaqhelekanga, ezifana ne-'Kaposi sarcoma' kunye ne-'Merkel cell carcinoma'.
Sizibona njani iimpawu zomhlaza wolusu?
Uphawu oluphambili lwesilumkiso somhlaza wolusu lutshintsho olutsha eluswini lwakho . Oku kungaba yi-mole entsha, ukukhula, okanye utshintsho kwi-mole endala. Nazi ezinye izinto ekufuneka uziqaphele:
- Ukuvela kophawu olutsha , okanye utshintsho kubungakanani, imo, umbala , okanye ukopha kophawu oludala.
- I-blister efana neperile, ekhazimlayo, nefana newax ebonakala ebusweni, ezindlebeni, okanye entanyeni.
- Ibala okanye iqhuma elithe tyaba, elipinki/elibomvu okanye elimdaka.
- Ezinye iindawo zesikhumba zibonakala ngathi zizilonda .
- Amanxeba akheke njengoqweqwe, atshone kancinci embindini, kwaye adla ngokuphuma igazi .
- Inxeba elingapholiyo , okanye inxeba eliphola lize liphinde livele.
- Isilonda esirhabaxa nesinamaxolo. Ezi zisenokurhawuzelela zize zophe igazi .
Umthetho we-ABCDE wokuchonga indawo ekrokrelwayo
Le yindlela elula kakhulu yokujonga ukuba unamathandabuzo malunga nendawo eluswini lwakho.
| Ileta | Intsingiselo | Oko sifuna ukukubona |
|---|---|---|
| A | Ukungalingani | Ukuba uhlula i-mole phakathi, ngaba omabini amacala awafani? Uphawu oluqhelekileyo lokuzala lulingana. I-mole enomhlaza idla ngokungalingani. |
| B | Umda | Ingaba umphetho we-mole awucacanga? Ingaba awucacanga? Okanye awuqhelekanga, njengomphetho ogobileyo? Umphetho we-mole ephilileyo uhlala uthambile kwaye ucacile. |
| C | Umbala | Ngaba kukho imibala eyahlukeneyo kwindawo enye? (umz., mdaka, mnyama, bomvu, mhlophe, luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka). Indawo eqhelekileyo idla ngokuba ngumbala omnye. |
| D | Ububanzi | Ingaba i-mole inkulu kune-pensile eraser (ngaphezulu kweemilimitha ezi-6)? Kodwa khumbula, eminye imidlaza ingaqala incinci kunele. |
| E | Indaleko | Olu lolona phawu lubalulekileyo . Ingaba ibala litshintshile ngobukhulu, imilo, okanye umbala ngokuhamba kwexesha? Okanye ngaba liqalile ukurhawuzelela okanye ukopha? |
Ukuba unento encinci onokuyicinga malunga ne-mole eluswini lwakho, nceda ungayihoyi. Bona ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko.
Ziziphi izizathu eziphambili kunye nezinto ezibangela umhlaza wolusu?
Eyona nto ibangela umhlaza wolusu kukuba selangeni kakhulu . Umngcipheko uphezulu kakhulu ukuba ubekwe elangeni kangangokuba utshiswe kwaye uqhume amadyungudyungu. Imitha ye-UV elangeni yonakalisa i-DNA kwiiseli zethu zolusu. Kulapho ke ezo seli zingaqhelekanga ziqala ukwakheka khona.
Nabani na unokufumana umhlaza wolusu, kodwa abanye abantu basengozini enkulu.
- Abantu abasebenza okanye abadlala elangeni ixesha elide (umz. abalimi, abalobi beentlanzi, abasebenzi bokwakha).
- Abantu abanesikhumba esikhanyayo abatsha lula elangeni .
- Ukuba kukho umntu kusapho lwakho okhe waba nomhlaza wolusu .
- Kwabo banenani elikhulu leempawu zokuzalwa eluswini.
- Abantu abasebenzisa iibhedi zokutshisa ilanga.
- Abantu abasebenzisa amayeza acinezela inkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela (umz., abo bakhe bafakelwa amalungu omzimba).
- Abantu abaye bafumana unyango olufana 'nonyango lwe-UV light' lwezifo zesikhumba.
Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba nangona kukho ingcamango ephosakeleyo yokuba abantu abanesikhumba esimnyama njengathi abafumani umhlaza wesikhumba, akunjalo. Nabani na angayifumana. Ngamanye amaxesha, umhlaza wesikhumba ufunyanwa kade kubantu abanesikhumba esimnyama . Ngoko ke kubalulekile ukuba wonke umntu akwazi oku.
Ugqirha uyixilonga njani le nto?
Xa usiya kugqirha onendawo ekrokrisayo, nantsi into eyenzekayo.
1. Ukubuza imibuzo: Ugqirha uza kukubuza izinto ezifana nokuba unexesha elingakanani unale ndawo kunye notshintsho olubonileyo.
2. Ukuhlolwa kolusu: Okulandelayo, ulusu lwakho lonke luza kuhlolwa kakuhle ukusuka entloko ukuya ezinzwaneni. Siza kujonga neendawo esingazinaki kangako, njengaphakathi kweenzwane nendawo yangasese.
3. I-Biopsy: Ukuba ugqirha unamathandabuzo, uza kuthatha iqhekeza elincinci kakhulu lesikhumba kwindawo leyo aze alithumele kwilebhu. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-biopsy. Apho, baza kuhlola iiseli phantsi kwe-microscope ukuze babone ukuba zinomhlaza okanye azinawo.
Nje ukuba iziphumo zolu vavanyo zifike, ugqirha wakho uza kukuchazela ukuba loluphi uhlobo lomhlaza wolusu kunye nonyango olufunekayo emva koko.
Zithini iindlela zonyango?
Unyango luxhomekeke kuhlobo lomhlaza, ubungakanani bawo, kunye nokuba usasazeke na. Ngamanye amaxesha, ukususa iqhekeza lesikhumba ngexesha lovavanyo lwe-biopsy kunokususa wonke umhlaza.
| Indlela yonyango | Kwenzeka ntoni ngale nto? |
|---|---|
| Unyango lweCryotherapy | Iiseli zomhlaza zitshatyalaliswa ngokuziqandisa kusetyenziswa into ebanda kakhulu, njenge-nitrogen engamanzi. |
| Utyando Olukhethekileyo | Ithumba elinomhlaza kunye nendawo encinci yolusu olusempilweni olujikeleze yona isuswa ngotyando. |
| Utyando lweMohs | Olu lutyando olukhethekileyo. Apha, yinxalenye yomhlaza kuphela esuswa ngobuchule, umaleko ngomaleko, nto leyo enciphisa umonakalo kulusu olusempilweni. |
| Unyango ngamakhemikhali | Ukunika amayeza abulala iiseli zomhlaza. Anikwa njenge-ointment ukuba umhlaza uphelele kumphezulu wesikhumba, nanjengeenaliti okanye iipilisi ukuba usasazekile. |
| Unyango lwe-immunotherapy | Ukuvuselela amasosha omzimba wethu nokwenza ukuba alwe neeseli zomhlaza. |
| Unyango lweMisebe | Ukutshabalalisa iiseli zomhlaza kusetyenziswa imitha enamandla aphezulu (umz. ii-X-ray). |
Kulungile, ngoko ke ungasinda njani kule nto?
Uninzi lwemihlaza yolusu inokuthintelwa. Eyona nto ilungileyo nelula onokuyenza kukuzikhusela elangeni elibi nasekutshisweni lilanga .
- Soloko unxiba i-sunscreen: Sebenzisa i-broad-spectrum (ikhusela kwi-UVA kunye ne-UVB ray) i-sunscreen ene-SPF engama-30 okanye ngaphezulu. Faka imizuzu engama-30 ngaphambi kokuba uphume elangeni. Oku kusebenza nakwiimini ezinamafu nasebusika.
- Nxiba impahla efanelekileyo: Khusela ubuso bakho neendlebe zakho ngokunxiba umnqwazi obanzi. Nxiba imikhono emide kunye nebhulukhwe ende.
- Nxiba iiglasi zelanga: Sebenzisa iiglasi zelanga ezikhusela kwimitha ye-UVA kunye ne-UVB.
- Kuphephe ilanga elirhabaxa: Hlala kude nelanga elirhabaxa phakathi kwentsimbi ye-10 kusasa ne-4 emva kwemini nanini na xa kunokwenzeka.
- Jonga ulusu lwakho rhoqo: Ubuncinane kanye ngenyanga, yiya phambi kwesibuko uhlole umzimba wakho wonke. Nika ingqalelo kwiindawo ezintsha kunye notshintsho kwiindawo ezindala. Ungalibali ukujonga intloko yakho, iindlebe, iintende zezandla, iintende zeenyawo zakho, phakathi kweminwe yakho, indawo yangasese, kunye nendawo ephakathi kweempundu zakho.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Nangona umhlaza wolusu uyinto yokoyika, sisifo esinokunyangeka ngokupheleleyo ukuba sifunyenwe kwangethuba .
- Soloko uqaphela amabala amatsha okanye ukukhula eluswini lwakho, okanye utshintsho kubungakanani, imo, okanye umbala weempawu zokuzalwa ezindala. Khumbula umthetho we-ABCDE.
- Ungaze ungayinaki inxeba elingapholiyo okanye indawo ephuma igazi rhoqo.
- Ukuzikhusela elangeni eliqatha yeyona ndlela ilungileyo yokuthintela umhlaza wolusu. Yenza ukusebenzisa i-sunscreen kube ngumkhwa.
- Ukuba unamathandabuzo amancinci malunga nolusu lwakho, musa ukuqikelela kwaye ubone ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko .
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