Ibala elitsha eluswini lwakho? Inxeba elingapholiyo? Masiqaphele iSquamous Cell Carcinoma (SCC), umhlaza wolusu!

Ngamanye amaxesha sifumana amabala amancinci, amaqhuma, okanye izilonda eluswini lwethu ezingapholiyo, akunjalo? Uninzi lwethu aluzinaki kangako. Sicinga ukuba, "Mhlawumbi yinto encinci nje," size silibale ngazo. Kodwa ngamanye amaxesha, notshintsho oluncinci kakhulu olufana nolu lunokuba luphawu lokuqala lwemeko embi ekufuneka siyinake. Ngoko ke, ngokuqinisekileyo kufuneka sazi, kwaye namhlanje siza kuthetha ngohlobo oluqhelekileyo lomhlaza wolusu. Loo yiSquamous Cell Carcinoma, esiyibiza ngokuba yiSCC ngamafutshane.

Ngamafutshane, yintoni iSquamous Cell Carcinoma (SCC)?

I-Squamous Cell Carcinoma (SCC) luhlobo lomhlaza wolusu. Luhlobo lwesibini oluxhaphakileyo lomhlaza wolusu eSri Lanka nakwihlabathi liphela.

Ukuze siqonde oku, masiqale sijonge indlela ulusu lwethu olwenziwe ngayo. Umaleko ophezulu wolusu lwethu ubizwa ngokuba yi-epidermis . Iiseli ezisicaba kolu maleko zibizwa ngokuba ziiseli ze-squamous . Ezi seli zibekwe phezu kwenye, njengeethayile eludongeni. Ngoko ke, xa ezi seli ze-squamous ziqala ukukhula ngendlela engaqhelekanga kwaye zingalawuleki, kuvela i-SCC.

Olu hlobo lomhlaza ludla ngokukhula kwiindawo zomzimba wethu ezichatshazelwa lilanga. Umzekelo:

• Ubuso
• Ukhakhayi (ingakumbi kubantu abanempandla)
• Ii-Earplugs
• Imilebe
• Izandla nemilenze

Nangona kunjalo, lo mhlaza ungakhula nakwiindawo apho ilanga lingakhanyi khona. Ayipheleli apho, kodwa olu hlobo lomhlaza lunokwenzeka nakwiindawo apho kukho ii-mucous membranes, njengangaphakathi emlonyeni, emiphungeni, nakwi-rectum.

Ziziphi iintlobo eziphambili zalo mhlaza?

Umhlaza we-SCC unokwahlulwa ube ziintlobo ezimbini eziphambili ngokuxhomekeke kwindawo okuyo emzimbeni kunye nendlela osasazeke ngayo.

1. I-Cutaneous SCC: Olu lolona hlobo luxhaphakileyo. Apha, umhlaza ukwisikhumba kuphela. Lo ukwanazo neentlobo ezimbini.

• Kwindawo ethile (Inqanaba 0): Apha, iiseli zomhlaza zikwindawo ephezulu yolusu (i-epidermis). Azisasazekanga nzulu. Oku kukwabizwa ngokuba sisifo sikaBowen . Ukuba sifunyenwe kwangethuba, sinokunyangeka ngokupheleleyo.
• Ezihlaselayo: Apha, iiseli zomhlaza zisasazeke ngaphaya komaleko ophezulu wesikhumba zaya kumaleko angaphantsi.

2. I-Metastatic SCC: Le yimeko enzulu ngakumbi. Okwenzekayo apha kukuba umhlaza owawuselukhumbeni usasazeke nakwamanye amalungu omzimba, umzekelo, ii-lymph nodes, imiphunga, isibindi, njl. Kodwa iindaba ezimnandi zezokuba ipesenti encinci kakhulu yomhlaza we-SCC isasazeka ngale ndlela. Ukuba ifunyenwe kwaye inyangwa kwangethuba, le ngozi ingancitshiswa kakhulu.

Zithini iimpawu zomhlaza we-SCC? Ungazibona njani?

Le yeyona nxalenye ibalulekileyo. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuhlala unika ingqalelo kulusu lwakho. Kuba iimpawu zokuqala zalo mhlaza zibonakala njengotshintsho oluncinci kulusu. Ezi mpawu zinokuhluka kumntu nomntu.

Le theyibhile ingezantsi idwelisa ezinye zeempawu eziqhelekileyo ezinokubonwa kumhlaza we-SCC.

Ngubani osengozini enkulu yokufumana lo mhlaza?

Nabani na unokuba nomhlaza we-SCC, kodwa abanye abantu basengozini enkulu kancinci.

• Abantu abatshiswa kakhulu lilanga: Abantu abasebenza elangeni, abalimayo, okanye abaya elunxwemeni, kunye nabo bachitha ixesha elininzi elangeni besebancinci, basengozini enkulu.
• Abantu abanesikhumba esikhanyayo: I-Melanin, umbala onika ulusu umbala walo, isikhusela kwimitha yelanga. Abantu abanesikhumba esikhanyayo bane-melanin encinci, ngoko ke basengozini enkulu yokonakala lilanga. Abantu abanamehlo aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka/aluhlaza kunye neenwele ezibomvu okanye ezimthubi basengozini enkulu.
• Abantu abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-50 ubudala: Njengoko ukhula, umngcipheko wokuba nomhlaza wolusu uyanda ngenxa yomonakalo oqokeleleneyo kulusu ngokuhamba kwexesha.
• Abantu abaneenkqubo zomzimba ezibuthathaka: Abantu abaye bafakelwa amalungu omzimba, abosulelwe yi-HIV, okanye abasebenzisa amayeza acinezela inkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela basengozini enkulu.
• Abantu Abatshayayo: Ukutshaya yimbangela enkulu yomhlaza we-SCC, ingakumbi owomlomo nomlomo.
• Abantu abachaphazeleka ziikhemikhali ezithile: Ukuvezwa kwizinto ezifana ne-arsenic nako kuyingozi.
• Abantu ababekhe baba nomhlaza wolusu ngaphambili.

Kutheni le nto lo mhlaza uvela? Yintoni unobangela?

Eli libali elintsonkothileyo. Ngamafutshane, kunje. Ngaphakathi kwiiseli zethu kukho izinto ezibizwa ngokuba ziigenes. Ezi genes zezona zixelela iiseli indlela yokusebenza, ixesha lokwahlukana, kunye nexesha lokufa.

Sinejini ekhethekileyo emzimbeni wethu ebizwa ngokuba yi-p53 . Ifana nomphathi kwifektri. Umsebenzi wayo kukulawula ukwahlukana kweeseli. Ngenxa yokuba ithintela ukwakheka kweeseli ezininzi kakhulu, siyibiza ngokuba yijini yokuthintela ithumba .

Nangona kunjalo, xa ivezwa kwimitha ye-UV eyingozi evela elangeni ixesha elide, le gene yomphathi ebizwa ngokuba yi-p53 inokonakala. Siyibiza ngokuba yi-gene mutation. Okwenzekayo kukuba loo lawulo lulahlekile. Iiseli ze-squamous azifumani myalezo wokuba "ziyeke ukwahlukana ngoku." Ngoko ke ziqhubeka zihlukana ngokungalawulekiyo, zihlangana, kwaye zenze ithumba elinomhlaza. Le yeyona nto iphambili ebangela umhlaza we-SCC.

Ugqirha uyixilonga njani ngokuchanekileyo i-SCC?

Xa uxelela ugqirha ngebala elirhanelekayo eluswini lwakho, into yokuqala ayenzayo kukulihlola ngononophelo. Uza kujonga izinto ezinje ngobukhulu balo, imilo, umbala, kunye nobunjani balo. Emva koko uza kukubuza imibuzo embalwa.

• "Ukususela nini ukubonile oku?"
• "Ingaba ibe nkulu kunangaphambili?"
• "Ingaba iyarhawuzelela? Ingaba ibuhlungu? Ingaba yopha?"

Emva koko, ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa nge-100%, rhoqo nge-biopsy yolusu.Ndicebisa ukuba wenze enye.

Yintoni i-Skin Biopsy?

Oku kuquka ukuxinanisa indawo, ukususa ulusu oluncinci kakhulu kwindawo ekrokrisayo, nokuluthumela kwilebhu ukuze luhlolwe ngemakroskopu. Oku kusenza sibone ngokuchanekileyo ukuba kukho iiseli zomhlaza kuyo okanye akunjalo.

Ukuba umhlaza mkhulu okanye kukho ukurhanelwa kokuba usasazeke nzulu, kunokwenziwa uvavanyo olufana ne -CT scan okanye i-MRI scan . Oku kunokunceda ekuqinisekiseni ukuba umhlaza usasazeke kangakanani.

Ziziphi iindlela zonyango lomhlaza we-SCC?

Kukho iindlela ezahlukeneyo zonyango lomhlaza we-SCC. Ugqirha wakho uya kugqiba ukuba loluphi unyango olukulungeleyo. Oku kuya kuxhomekeka kwizinto ezininzi, kuquka ubungakanani, indawo, ubunzulu bomhlaza, kunye nempilo yakho iyonke.

Iindaba ezimnandi zezokuba ngaphezulu kwe-95% yomhlaza we-SCC unokunyangeka ngokupheleleyo, ingakumbi ukuba ufunyenwe kwangethuba!

Nazi ezinye zeendlela eziphambili zonyango:

• Ukususwa kwesikhumba: Olu lolona nyango luqhelekileyo. Iqhuma elinomhlaza, kunye nolusu oluncinci oluphilileyo olujikelezileyo, liyasikwa lisuswe, kwaye ulusu luthungelwa ndawonye.
• Utyando lweMohs: Olu lutyando olukhethekileyo. Lusetyenziswa ngakumbi kumhlaza kwiindawo ezinobuthathaka ezifana nobuso, impumlo, neendlebe. Apha, umhlaza usikwa ube ziingqimba ezincinci kakhulu, nganye nganye, kwaye ingqimba nganye ihlolwe ngoko nangoko phantsi kwe-microscope. Oku kwenziwa de kuqinisekiswe ukuba akusekho ziseli zomhlaza. Oku kusindisa ulusu olusempilweni kangangoko kunokwenzeka.
• Ukucoca umhlaza kunye nokucoca nge-Electrodesiccation: Oku kuquka ukukhuhla umhlaza ngesixhobo esifana necephe uze emva koko utshise loo ndawo ngombane. Oku kudla ngokwenziwa kwiintlobo ezincinci zomhlaza ezingacacanga.
• Utyando lweCryosurgery: Indlela yokutshabalalisa iiseli zomhlaza ngokuziqandisa kusetyenziswa into ebanda kakhulu, efana ne-nitrogen engamanzi.
• Unyango lweMisebe: Olu nyango lusetyenziswa kwiimeko apho utyando lungenakwenzeka, okanye ukutshabalalisa naziphi na iiseli zomhlaza ezinokuthi zihlale emva kotyando.
• I-Chemotherapy kunye ne-Immunotherapy: Kwiimeko ezinzima apho umhlaza usasazeke kwamanye amalungu omzimba (i-metastatic), unyango ngamayeza anikwa ngendlela yeenaliti okanye iipilisi lunokufuneka.

Ngaba singazikhusela kumhlaza we-SCC?

Ewe, ngokuqinisekileyo. Zininzi izinto esinokuzenza ukuze sizikhusele kulo mhlaza. Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukwenza oku kube ngumkhwa.

• Zikhusele elangeni: Ziphephe ilanga eliqatha kangangoko unako, ingakumbi phakathi kwentsimbi ye-10 kusasa ne-4 emva kwemini.
• Sebenzisa i-sunscreen: Xa uphuma elangeni, sebenzisa i-sunscreen ebanzi (ekhusela kwi-UVA kunye ne-UVB) ene-SPF engama-30 nangaphezulu. Yithambise kakhulu ebusweni bakho, entanyeni, nasezandleni.
• Nxiba impahla yokuzikhusela: impahla enemikhono emide, ibhulukhwe ende, umnqwazi obanzi, kunye neeglasi zelanga ezikhuselwe yi-UV.
• Ziphephe iibhedi zokuthambisa ulusu: Ezi zixhobo ezithambisa ulusu ngokwenziwa ziyingozi kakhulu.
• Kuphephe ukutshaya: Ukuyeka ukutshaya kunokunciphisa kakhulu umngcipheko womhlaza womlomo nemilebe.
• Jonga ulusu lwakho rhoqo: Ubuncinane kanye ngenyanga, yima phambi kwesibuko uze uhlole umzimba wakho wonke ukusuka entloko ukuya ezinzwaneni. Khangela amabala amatsha, iimpawu zokuzalwa ezitshintshayo, kunye nezilonda ezingapholiyo.

Ukuba ubona naluphi na utshintsho olungathandabuzekiyo eluswini lwakho, nceda ungalutyesheli. Musa ukoyika. Bona ugqirha ofanelekileyo ngokukhawuleza ukuze akunike ingcebiso. Kuba okukhona ufumanisa ezi zinto kwangethuba, kokukhona amathuba okuba uphile ngokupheleleyo ngonyango aba maninzi.