Ngaba wakha wazibuza ukuba inkunkuma nezinto ezingafunekiyo ezingaphakathi emizimbeni yethu zisuswa njani kanye kanye? Njengokuba amanzi angcolileyo edlula kwimibhobho endlwini, imizimba yethu nayo inenkqubo efanayo. Le siyibiza ngokuba yinkqubo ye-lymphatic. Ngoko ke namhlanje siza kuthetha ngomjelo oyintloko, omkhulu nobaluleke kakhulu kule nkqubo. Lo ngumjelo wesifuba. Usenokuba awuzange uve ngeli gama ngaphambili. Kodwa lo ngumntu owenza inkonzo entle emizimbeni yethu buthule.
Ngamafutshane, yintoni iThoracic Duct?
Ngamafutshane, iThoracic Duct yeyona mithambo ye-lymphatic inkulu emzimbeni wakho . Yisakhiwo eside esifana netyhubhu esiqala esiswini sakho, sidlule esifubeni sakho, size siphele kufutshane nentamo yakho.
Cinga ngayo njengomgaqo omkhulu oneendlela ezisecaleni ezidibanayo, ulwelo olubizwa ngokuba yi-"lymph" oluqokelelana kwiindlela ezincinci ze-lymph emizimbeni yethu ludibana nalo mjelo mkhulu. Emva koko lo mjelo wesifuba uqhagamshela kumthambo omkhulu wegazi "umthambo" kufutshane nentamo, uze ukhuphe olo lwelo lwe-lymph lubuyele kwinkqubo yethu yokujikeleza kwegazi. Ukusuka apho, luhamba emzimbeni wonke kwakhona.
Kukho iindlela ezimbini eziphambili zokubuyisela ulwelo lwe-lymph egazini emzimbeni wethu.
1. Umjelo Wesifuba
2. Umjelo weLymphatic wasekunene
Umbhobho we-lymphatic osekunene uqokelela i-lymph engalweni yakho yasekunene, kwicala lasekunene lentloko yakho nentamo, nakwicala lasekunene lesifuba sakho kwaye uyibuyisele egazini lakho. Nangona kunjalo, umbhobho wesifuba uqokelela i-lymph phantse kuwo onke amanye amalungu omzimba wakho .
| Igama letshaneli | Iindawo apho ulwelo lwe-lymph luqokelelana khona |
|---|---|
| Umjelo weTyala | Icala lasekhohlo lentloko, intamo, nesifuba Indawo yesisu (isisu) Imilenze yomibini |
| Umjelo weLymphatic wasekunene | Icala lasekunene lentloko, intamo, nesifuba Isandla sasekhohlo |
Yintoni umsebenzi wale tube?
Umsebenzi ophambili we-thoracic duct kukuqokelela i-lymph kwiitshaneli ezincinci ze-lymph kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zomzimba kwaye ziyizise kwinkqubo yethu yokujikeleza kwegazi. Oku kunceda ukugcina amanqanaba olwelo asempilweni emzimbeni wethu kunye nokucoca imveliso engcolileyo.
Makhe sibone indlela le nkqubo esebenza ngayo inyathelo ngenyathelo:
1. Ukuqokelelwa: Okokuqala, ulwelo lwe-lymph luqokelelana kwi-capillaries ezincinci ze-lymphatic ezisasazeka emzimbeni wonke kwaye zingene kwimithambo ye-lymphatic emikhulu kancinci.
2. Ukuza kwindlela ephambili: Njengokuba iindlela ezincinci ezisecaleni zidibana ukuze zenze indlela enkulu enkulu, zonke ezi mithambo mikhulu ye-lymphatic ziyadibana kwaye ziqhagamshelane nomjelo wesifuba. Indlela ephambili apha yimjelo yesifuba.
3. Ukunyuka: Le lymph inyuka iye phezulu ngethoni yesifuba. Olu hambo luyaqhubeka ide ifike entanyeni.
4. Ukuxubana negazi: Emva kokufikelela kwindawo ekhethekileyo yokuhlangana (i-lymphovenous junction - LVJ) kwicala lasekhohlo lentamo, umbhobho wesifuba udibana nomthambo omkhulu apho. Njengemoto engena kwindlela enkulu, ulwelo lwe-lymph lungena kumthambo ngale mbhobho. Ukusuka apho, lujikeleza emzimbeni wonke njengenxalenye yeplasma yegazi lethu.
Yonke imihla, songeza malunga neelitha ezi-3 zolwelo kwinkqubo yethu yokujikeleza kwegazi ngethongo kuphela. Ayimangalisi ngokwenene le nto?
Kukho uhlobo olukhethekileyo lolwelo lwe-lymph. Lubizwa ngokuba yi -'chyle' . Olu lulwelo oluvela kwinkqubo yethu yokugaya ukutya kwaye lune-lipids ezininzi. Ngokungafaniyo nezinye ii-lymph fluids, olu lwelo lwe-'chyle' lumhlophe njengobisi.
Iphi i-thoracic duct?
Ifumaneka embindini wesifuba sakho . Ifumaneka kufutshane ne-aorta yethu, i-esophagus, kunye nomqolo.
Iqala kumqolo ongezantsi, kumqolo we-lumbar. Kubantu abaninzi, iqala phakathi kwe-T12 kunye ne-L2 vertebrae. Iqala xa imijelo emininzi ye-lymph evela emilenzeni yethu kunye namathumbu idibana. Ngamanye amaxesha, isakhiwo esifana ne-sac senza apho le mijelo idibana khona. Ibizwa ngokuba yi -'cisterna chyli' .
Ukusuka apho, le duct ihamba ngqo idlula esifubeni (esifubeni). Endleleni, idityaniswa zezinye ii-lymphatic vessels. Xa ifika entanyeni, ijika ibe yi-arch engaphezulu kwe-collarbone, ize yehle kwakhona ukuze idibane nomthambo osesifubeni esingaphezulu.
Oku kunxulumene phi kanye kanye?
Indawo olu qhagamshelo inokwahluka kancinci kumntu nomntu. Ngokwesiqhelo, kulapho umthambo we-subclavian wasekhohlo kunye nomthambo we-jugular wangaphakathi wasekhohlo udibana khona. Kwabanye abantu, unokunxibelelana nomnye wale mithambo ngokwahlukeneyo.
Akunyanzelekanga ukuba uwazi kakuhle la magama, kodwa kubalulekile ukuba oogqirha baqonde kakuhle la malungu, ingakumbi xa besenza utyando lwesifuba okanye lwentamo.
Injani indlela eyakhiwe ngayo i-thoracic duct?
Imile okwetyhubhu. Iqhagamshelwe kwezinye iityhubhu ezincinci, ezibizwa ngokuba zii-lymphatic ducts. Udonga lomsele wesifuba lwenziwe ngamaleya amathathu. Abizwa ngokuba yi-intima, i-media kunye ne-adventitia. Imisipha egudileyo kumaleko ophakathi (media) ihlala ifinyela. Oku kugcina ulwelo lwe-lymph luhamba kwicala elinye, oko kukuthi, phezulu.
Kwakhona, kukho iivalvu ezikuyo yonke le tube. Ezi valve ziyavuleka xa ulwelo lwe-lymph lunyuka, kwaye ziyavaleka xa luzama ukuhla kwakhona. Oku kuthintela ulwelo lwe-lymph ukuba lungabuyeli umva.
Umjelo wesifuba udla ngokuba phakathi kweesentimitha ezingama-38 ukuya kwezingama-45 ubude . Ububanzi bawo buyahluka ukusuka kwindawo ukuya kwenye, ukusuka kwiisentimitha ezi-2 ukuya kwezi-5 .
Ziziphi izifo ezinokuchaphazela le ndlela yokuhambisa amanzi?
Kukho iimeko ezininzi ezinokuphazamisana nokusebenza kombhobho wesifuba. Ezi azizomeko ziqhelekileyo ozibona yonke imihla, kodwa kubalulekile ukuba uzazi.
| Imeko yezonyango | Ingcaciso elula |
|---|---|
| Ukuvuza kweChyle | Ulwelo lwe-lymph olunamafutha, olubizwa ngokuba yi-'chyle', luphuma kwi-thoracic duct luye kwizicubu ezijikelezileyo. Oku kunokubakho njengengxaki yotyando okanye ukwenzakala. |
| I-Chylothorax | Oku kukwakukukhupha umoya 'obandayo'. Kodwa apha ukufuma kuvuza kwindawo ejikeleze imiphunga. Olu luhlobo lwemeko ebizwa ngokuba yi-pleural effusion. Oku kunokubangela iimpawu ezifana nokuphefumla kancinci, ukuqina kwesifuba, kunye nokudinwa. |
| Ukuvaleka kokuzalwa | Umjelo wesifuba awukakhiwa ngokupheleleyo ekuzalweni. Umjelo ungavalwa okanye uvalwe ngaphandle kokudibana nomthambo. Oku kudla ngokubonwa kwiintsana ezinesifo sentliziyo esinzima sokuzalwa. |
Luluphi unyango lwale nto?
Iindlela zonyango zixhomekeke kwimeko. Ugqirha wakho uya kugqiba unyango olulungele wena. Ezinye zezona ndlela zonyango zixhaphakileyo ziquka:
- Utshintsho lwexeshana kwindlela yokutya: ingakumbi ukutshintshela kwindlela yokutya enamafutha aphantsi.
- Amayeza: Ukunika amayeza abhalwe ngugqirha.
- Inkqubo yokususa ulwelo: Ukuba ulwelo luqokelelene kwindawo yemiphunga, kufakwa ityhubhu yokususa ulwelo (thoracentesis).
- Ukubopha umbhobho ngotyando: Ukubopha umbhobho ukuze kuthintelwe ukuvuza (ukubophelela umbhobho wesifuba).
- Indlela yokuvala ngabom umbhobho: Indlela yokuvala ukuvuza ngokuvala umbhobho ngento ekhethekileyo (i-thoracic duct embolization).
Ukuba uza kwenziwa utyando esifubeni okanye esiswini sakho, ugqirha wakho uza kukuchazela ukuba kukho umngcipheko omncinci okanye omkhulu wokonakala kombhobho wesifuba, kunye neempawu onokuzifumana ukuba wenza njalo.
Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba ukuba ufumana ubunzima bokuphefumla, ukuqina kwesifuba, okanye ukudinwa okungaqhelekanga emva kotyando olunje, kubalulekile ukwazisa ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko .
Ekugqibeleni, umbhobho wesifuba sisakhiwo esibalulekileyo esisinceda sihlale siphilile yonke imihla, sithule, ngasemva kweziganeko. Yityhubhu ende ephuma esiswini sethu idlule esifubeni ukuya entanyeni. Nangona ungacinga ukuba luhambo olude kangaka, eneneni kunqabile ukuba lonakale. Kwaye ukuba lwenzeka, oogqirha bakulungele ukulinyanga.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-Thoracic Duct yeyona lymphatic duct inkulu neyona ibalulekileyo emzimbeni wethu.
- Le tube iqokelela ulwelo oluvela kuninzi lomzimba (emilenzeni, esiswini, esifubeni, nakwicala lasekhohlo lentloko) ize ilubuyisele egazini.
- Oku kubalulekile ekugcineni ulwelo lulungelelene emzimbeni kunye nokususa inkunkuma.
- Umonakalo koku awuqhelekanga kakhulu, kodwa iingxaki zinokwenzeka emva kotyando lwesifuba okanye lwesisu okanye ngenxa yeengozi.
- Ukuba ufumana iimpawu ezifana nobunzima bokuphefumla emva kotyando lwesifuba, bonana nogqirha wakho ngoko nangoko.
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