Ngaba ingqondo yakho ivakalelwa ngathi ayisebenzi kakuhle? Ngamanye amaxesha uziva wonwabile kakhulu kwaye uchulumancile ngaphandle kwesizathu... Uziva ngathi ungaloyisa ihlabathi. Kodwa ngamanye amaxesha, uziva ulusizi kwaye ungenanto kangangokuba awukwazi nokuvuka ebhedini? Olu hlobo lokutshintsha ngokukhawuleza phakathi kolonwabo olugqithisileyo nosizi lunokuvakala ngathi ukhwela i-roller coaster. Oku sikubiza ngokuba yi-bipolar disorder kwisayensi yezonyango. Abantu abaninzi bayoyika kwaye baneentloni ukuthetha ngayo. Kodwa ayilotyala lakho. Yimeko yezonyango ekufuneka inyangwe, njengesifo seswekile okanye uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu. Ngoko masithethe ngayo ngokukhululekileyo nangokunyanisekileyo namhlanje.
Kwenzeka ntoni ngokwenene ngaphakathi kwengqondo yethu?
Ngamafutshane, isifo se-bipolar kukungalingani kwiinkqubo zeekhemikhali kunye neesekethe ezikwingqondo yethu. Kufana nephutha kwinkqubo yocingo lwendlu. Iingcali zikholelwa ukuba oku kuchaphazeleka ngokuthe ngqo ngumsebenzi wee-chemical messengers, okanye ii-neurotransmitters, ezikwingqondo yethu.
Aba bathunywa balawula yonke into esezingqondweni zethu, ukusuka kulonwabo ukuya kusizi, ukulala, ukutya, kunye nomsebenzi. Kwezi zinto, siza kuthetha ngeekhemikhali ezintathu eziphambili.
| Isithunywa sekhemikhali (i-Neurotransmitter) | Indima yayo engqondweni |
|---|---|
| I-Norepinephrine | Inceda ekulawuleni amandla ethu, umdla wethu, kunye nengqalelo yethu. Ukungalingani kwezi zinto kunxulunyaniswa nokutshintsha kweemvakalelo zethu. |
| I-Serotonin | Ikhemikhali ebaluleke kakhulu elawula ubuthongo, inkanuko yokutya, imisebenzi yesondo, kunye neemvakalelo. Ukuncipha komsebenzi wayo kunxulunyaniswa ngokuthe ngqo nokudakumba. |
| I-Dopamine | I-Dopamine ilawula iimvakalelo zolonwabo kunye nomvuzo. Utshintsho lomsebenzi kule neurotransmitter lunokunxulunyaniswa ne-mania kunye ne-psychosis. |
Xa amanqanaba ezi khemikhali ephakama kakhulu okanye esezantsi kakhulu, iimvakalelo zethu zinokutshintshatshintsha phakathi kwezinto ezigqithisileyo, ukusuka kwi-mania, apho siziva sonwabile kakhulu kwaye sinamandla, ukuya kuxinzelelo olukhulu , apho siziva sidakumbile kangangokuba asinakwenza nto.
Into ebalulekileyo kukuba, oku akungobuthathaka engqondweni yakho, kwaye akuyonto oyenzayo ngabom. Olu lutshintsho lwebhayoloji olwenzeka engqondweni.
Ngaba esi sisifo esizuzwe njengelifa?
Ewe, impendulo yalo mbuzo ithi "kusenokwenzeka ukuba ewe." Kukho unxibelelwano oluqinileyo lwemfuza kwisifo se-bipolar. Cinga ngale ndlela, ukuba umntu kusapho lwakho unesifo seswekile, nawe usemngciphekweni othile wokuba naso. Kodwa oko akuthethi ukuba ukuba umntu kusapho lwakho unaso, nawe ngokuqinisekileyo uza kuba naso. Kodwa umngcipheko uphezulu kunowomntu oqhelekileyo.
- Izifundo zamawele: Uphando olukholisayo kakhulu ngalo mba lwenziwe kumawele. Kumawele afanayo , ukuba elinye lawo linesifo sengqondo esibizwa ngokuba yi-bipolar disorder, elinye linethuba eliyi-40% ukuya kwi-70% lokukhula kwaso ebomini balo. Oku kubonisa ukuba zingakanani na ii-genes ezidlala indima koku.
- Izifundo zosapho: Uphando olwenziwe kwiiyunivesithi ezifana neJohns Hopkins kunye neStanford eMelika lufumanise ukuba ukuba omnye umzali unesifo sengqondo esibizwa ngokuba yi-bipolar disorder (Bipolar I okanye Bipolar II), umngcipheko wokuba abantwana bafumane eso sifo okanye esinye isifo sengqondo (umz. ukudakumba okukhulu, i-ADHD) uphezulu.
Kodwa eyona nto ibalulekileyo ekufuneka uyiqonde apha kukuba ii-genes zodwa azinaxanduva loku. Ii-genes zifana nomgubo wesibhamu onokutsha. Ukuze utsha, udinga intlantsi yangaphandle.
Imeko-bume kunye nendlela esiphila ngayo isichaphazela njani?
Loo ntlantsi yindawo esikuyo nendlela esiphila ngayo. Ezi zinto zinokubangela iimpawu ze-bipolar kumntu osengozini yemfuza.
- Iziganeko zobomi ezibangela uxinezeleko: Izinto ezinje ngokufa komntu omthandayo, ukulahlekelwa ngumsebenzi, okanye ukuqhawula ubudlelwane zinokuba zizinto ezinamandla ezibangela uxinezeleko.
- Amava obuntwana:Kumntwana onabazali abanesifo sengqondo esibizwa ngokuba yi-bipolar disorder, imeko yasekhaya inokuhlala ingazinzi. Izinto ezifana nokutshintshatshintsha kweemvakalelo ngesiquphe kunye nokuthuka ngamazwi zinokuba nefuthe elikhulu kwimpilo yengqondo yomntwana.
- Ukusetyenziswa kweziyobisi notywala : Iziyobisi notywala zizinto eziphazamisa ngokupheleleyo ibhalansi yeekhemikhali engqondweni. Ukusetyenziswa kwazo kunokwenza iimpawu ze-bipolar zibe nzima ngakumbi kwaye kunciphise impendulo kunyango.
Oku kuthetha ukuba ukuba umntu onesifo sofuzo uhlangabezana nesiganeko esixinzelelekileyo ebomini, amathuba okuba esi sifo sivele aphezulu kakhulu.
Ukungalali ngokwaneleyo kuyichaphazela kangakanani le nto?
Ukulala kunxulumene kakhulu nesifo sengqondo esibangela i-bipolar kunokuba ucinga. Imizimba yethu inomjikelo wendalo wokulala nokuvuka. Uphando lubonise ukuba abantu abaninzi abane-bipolar disorder baneziphene zemfuza kulo mjikelo.
Kumntu onesifo sengqondo esibizwa ngokuba yi-bipolar disorder, ukungalali iintsuku ezimbini zilandelelana kunokuba sisizathu esinamandla sokuba umntu abe nesifo sengqondo esixhalabisayo .
Lo ngumjikelo oyingozi kakhulu.
1. Ukukhathazeka ngokungakwazi ukulala.
2. Loo nkxalabo indenza ndingakwazi ukulala.
3. Xa ubuthongo bulahlekile kangangeentsuku ezininzi, ingqondo iba nomdla kakhulu ize ifikelele kwimeko yokuphambana.
4. Xa ungena kwimeko yokuphambana, imfuno yakho yokulala iyancipha nangakumbi. Unamandla angakumbi, kwaye ungasebenza kwaye uthethe rhoqo.
Oku kubizwa ngokuba "kukuphazamiseka kwesigqi sentlalo." Xa izinto ezinje ngokulala, ukutya, nokusebenza ngamaxesha aqhelekileyo emini ziphazamiseka, oko kuchaphazela ngokuthe ngqo iindawo zengqondo ezilawula imeko yeemvakalelo.
Ukuba unengxaki yokulala okanye ukuhlala ulele, qiniseka ukuba uthetha nogqirha wakho ngayo loo nto. Ugqirha wakho unokucebisa amayeza okulala angenamlutha, akhuselekileyo, kunye nonyango olufana neCognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) ukukunceda woyise uloyiko lwakho kunye nokuxhalaba malunga nokulala.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Isifo se-bipolar asikobuthathaka okanye isiphene sobuntu. Sisifo esinxulumene nekhemistri yobuchopho.
- Kukho impembelelo yemfuza koku. Kodwa ayizozakhi zofuzo kuphela, kodwa neziganeko zobomi ezixinzelelekileyo, ukusetyenziswa kweziyobisi, kunye nendlela yokuphila nazo zichaphazela ukuqala kwesi sifo.
- Ukulala yinto ebaluleke kakhulu.Ukuphazamiseka kokulala, ingakumbi ukungalali kakuhle, yimbangela enamandla yokuba iimpawu zibe zimbi ngakumbi.
- Ukuba wena okanye umntu omaziyo uhlangabezana nezi mpawu, kubalulekile ukufuna ingcebiso kugqirha ofanelekileyo ngokukhawuleza, ngaphandle kokuba neentloni okanye ukoyika. Ngonyango olufanelekileyo, ungayilawula le meko kwaye uphile ubomi obuqhelekileyo.
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