Ingaba i-thyroid yakho isempilweni? Masithethe ngeSifo se-Thyroid ngamazwi alula!

Ngaba ngamanye amaxesha uziva udiniwe okanye utyeba ngaphandle kwesizathu? Mhlawumbi ucinga ukuba kungenxa yeshedyuli yakho exakekileyo kule mihla. Kodwa, ubusazi na ukuba idlala elincinci elifana nebhabhathane elingaphambili entanyeni yakho linokubandakanyeka kwezi zinto? Namhlanje, masithethe ngedlala le-thyroid kunye nezifo ezinokunxulunyaniswa nalo, elibizwa ngokuba sisifo se-thyroid .

Yintoni i-thyroid gland? Yintoni eyenzayo?

Ngamafutshane, i-thyroid gland yi-gland encinci efana nebhabhathane ebekwe ngaphambili entanyeni yakho. Iyinxalenye yenkqubo ye-endocrine yomzimba wethu. Ifana nomzi-mveliso omncinci emzimbeni wethu. Ivelisa kwaye ikhuphe ii-hormone ze-thyroid egazini, ezilawula imisebenzi emininzi ebalulekileyo emzimbeni wethu. Ii-hormone eziphambili eziveliswa yiyo yi -thyroxine (T4) kunye ne -triiodothyronine (T3) .

Ngoku usenokuba uzibuza, "Zenza ntoni ezi homoni?" Umsebenzi ophambili we-thyroid gland kukulawula imetabolism yethu okanye isantya se-metabolism . Oko kukuthi, isantya apho ukutya esikutyayo kuguqulwa khona kube ngamandla. Yonke iseli emzimbeni wethu ifuna amandla ukuze isebenze. Ngoko ke, ukuba le thyroid gland ayisebenzi kakuhle, inokuchaphazela umzimba wonke. Cinga ngayo njenge-accelerator yemoto. Ukuba ayisebenzi kakuhle, isantya semoto sicotha kakhulu okanye sikhawuleza kakhulu. Yiyo loo nto kunjalo.

Ngoko ke, yintoni isifo se-thyroid?

Isifo se-thyroid ligama eliqhelekileyo. Libhekisa kuyo nayiphi na imeko yezonyango apho i-thyroid gland yakho ingavelisi iihomoni ezaneleyo. Linokuchaphazela abantu bayo nayiphi na iminyaka. Ngamanye amaxesha i-thyroid gland ivelisa iihomoni ezininzi kakhulu, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha ivelisa ezimbalwa kakhulu. Zombini ziingxaki.

Ziziphi iintlobo eziphambili zesifo se-thyroid?

Kukho iintlobo ezimbini eziphambili zesifo se-thyroid: i-hypothyroidism (ukuveliswa okunganelanga kweehomoni ze-thyroid) kunye ne-hyperthyroidism (ukuveliswa okugqithisileyo kweehomoni ze-thyroid). Nangona kunjalo, nganye kwezi inokuba nezizathu ezahlukeneyo.

1. Ukuveliswa okungaphelelanga kweehomoni ze-thyroid: I-Hypothyroidism

Oku kwenzeka xa i-thyroid gland ingavelisi iihomoni ze-thyroid ezaneleyo, nto leyo enciphisa isantya semetabolism yomzimba.

Zithini izizathu ze-hypothyroidism?

• Isifo sikaHashimoto: Esi sisifo esingapheliyo, esihlala ixesha elide sokuzikhusela komzimba . Ngamafutshane, amajoni omzimba wethu ahlasela i-thyroid gland. Esi sisizathu esiphambili se-hypothyroidism kumazwe apho ityuwa nokutya okutyebileyo kwi-iodine kutyiwa kakhulu.
• Ukunqongophala kwe-iodine: I-iodine yeminerali ibalulekile ekuvelisweni kweehomoni ze-thyroid. Ngoko ke, ukuba awufumani i-iodine eyaneleyo ekutyeni kwakho, unokuba ne-hypothyroidism. Le yeyona nto iphambili kumazwe apho ityuwa ene-iodine ingafumanekiyo kakhulu. Oku kunokukhokelela kwi -goiter , okukukudumba kwe-thyroid gland.
• I-Congenital hypothyroidism: Abanye abantwana bazalwa bengenayo i-thyroid gland okanye bene-thyroid gland engasebenzi kakuhle. Igama elithi "Congenital" lithetha "ukubakho xa bezalwa." Malunga ne-1 kwi-2,000 ukuya kwi-4,000 yeentsana inokuba nale meko.

2. Ukuveliswa kakhulu kweehomoni ze-thyroid: I-Hyperthyroidism

Kulapho i-thyroid gland ivelisa i-hormone eninzi kakhulu, ekhawulezisa imetabolism yomzimba.

Zithini izizathu ze-hyperthyroidism?

• Isifo sikaGraves: Esi sisifo esingapheliyo senkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela. Nangona kunjalo, kule meko, i-thyroid gland iyavuseleleka kakhulu kwaye ivelise iihomoni ezininzi. Le yeyona nto ibangela i-hyperthyroidism.
• Ii-nodules ze-thyroid: Ezi zii-nodules ezingaqhelekanga ezikhula kwi-thyroid gland. Ukuba ezinye zezi qhuma ziqala ukuvelisa ii-hormone ezininzi kakhulu, i-hyperthyroidism inokwenzeka.
• Ukutya i-iodine egqithisileyo: Xa umzimba ufumana i-iodine eninzi, i-thyroid gland ivelisa i-hormone eninzi kakhulu. Le meko inokubangelwa ngamayeza athile, umzekelo , i-amiodarone, iyeza elisetyenziselwa ukunyanga isifo sentliziyo.

3. Ngamanye amaxesha iihomoni ziphantsi, ngamanye amaxesha ziphezulu

Kukho ezinye iimeko ezinokubangela i-hyperthyroidism ekuqaleni (ukwanda kwemveliso yeehomoni) uze emva koko ube yi-hypothyroidism (ukwehla kwemveliso yeehomoni).

• I-thyroiditis: Oku kukudumba kwe-thyroid gland. Oku kudla ngokuqala ngokwanda okwethutyana kwee-hormones (hyperthyroidism), kulandele ukwehla okwethutyana okanye okusisigxina kwee-hormones (hypothyroidism).
• I-Postpartum thyroiditis: Le yimeko engaqhelekanga eyenzeka kwabanye oomama emva kokubeleka. Ichaphazela malunga ne-5% yabasetyhini kungakapheli unyaka bebelekile. Kwakhona, i-hyperthyroidism idla ngokuqala, ilandelwe yi-hypothyroidism. Nangona kunjalo, oku kudla ngokuba yinto yexeshana.

Ixhaphake kangakanani isifo se-thyroid?

Isifo se-thyroid siqhelekile . Umzekelo, kuthiwa malunga nabantu abazizigidi ezingama-20 eMelika banesimo esithile se-thyroid. Ngoko ke, esi sifo sinokubonakala rhoqo naseSri Lanka.

Zithini iimpawu zesifo se-thyroid?

Ukuba unesifo se-thyroid, unokufumana iimpawu ezahlukeneyo. Ingxaki kukuba ezi mpawu zihlala zifana nezezinye iimeko okanye utshintsho olwenzeka ngamaxesha ahlukeneyo ebomini bakho. Ngoko ke kunokuba nzima ukwazi ngokuqinisekileyo ukuba iimpawu zakho zibangelwa yingxaki ye-thyroid okanye enye into.

Nangona kunjalo, ngokubanzi, iimpawu ze-thyroid zingahlulwahlulwa zibe ngamacandelo amabini - ezo zibangelwa yi-hormone ye-thyroid eninzi kakhulu (i-hyperthyroidism) kunye nezo zibangelwa yi-hormone ye-thyroid encinci kakhulu (i-hypothyroidism). Iimpawu zezi meko zimbini zihlala "zichasene". Oku kungenxa yokuba i-hyperthyroidism ikhawulezisa imetabolism yakho, ngelixa i-hypothyroidism iyicothisa.

Iimpawu ze-hypothyroidism (ii-hormone ezisezantsi):

• Isantya sentliziyo sihamba kancinci kunesiqhelo.
• Ndiziva ndidiniwe ngalo lonke ixesha. Ndifuna nje ukuhlala ebhedini imini yonke, ndiziva ndidiniwe kakhulu ukuba ndingenza nantoni na eluncedo.
• Ukunyuka kobunzima ngaphandle kwesizathu. Ukunyuka kobunzima nokuba indlela yokutya ihlala ifana.
• Ubunzima bokunyamezela umkhuhlane . Into enokuba ngumkhuhlane oqhelekileyo kwabanye isenokunganyamezeleki kuwe.
• Ulusu olomileyo kunye neenwele ezomileyo nezirhabaxa .
• Uxinzelelo .
• Ukopha kakhulu exesheni kwabasetyhini (i-menorrhagia) .

Iimpawu ze-hyperthyroidism (ukuba kukho i-hormone eninzi kakhulu):

• Isantya sentliziyo esikhawulezayo kunesiqhelo (i-tachycardia) . Kuvakala ngathi intliziyo yakho iyabetha ngamandla.
• Ubunzima bokulala .
• Ukunciphisa umzimba ngaphandle kwesizathu. Ukunciphisa umzimba nokuba utya kakuhle.
• Ubunzima bokumelana nobushushu . Nangona kusenokuba yinto eqhelekileyo kwabanye ukuziva ushushu, wena usenokuba uzive ubila kwaye ushushu ngendlela enganyamezelekiyo.
• Ulusu olubilayo okanye olufumileyo .
• Ukuziva uphazamisekile, ungaphumli, kwaye ucaphuka msinya .
• Abafazi banesithukuthezi sokuya exesheni okanye bayeka ukuya exesheni (i-amenorrhea) .

Zombini ezi meko zinokubangela ukudumba kwe-thyroid gland, ebizwa ngokuba yi-goiter . Nangona kunjalo, ixhaphake kakhulu kwi-hyperthyroidism.

Ngubani osengozini enkulu yokufumana isifo se-thyroid?

Usenokuba nethuba elingcono lokufumana isifo se-thyroid ukuba:

• Ukuba ungumfazi , abafazi banamathuba aphindwe kahlanu ukuya kwesibhozo okufumana isifo se-thyroid kunamadoda.
• Ukuba kukho umntu kusapho lwakho onesifo se-thyroid (sinokuba sisifo sofuzo).
• Ukuba unesifo semfuza esifana ne -Turner syndrome .
• Ukuba usela iyeza eliqulethe i-iodine eninzi kakhulu .
• Ukuba uhlala kwilizwe okanye kwindawo apho ityuwa ene-iodine ingafumaneki lula (oku kunokukhokelela ekusweleni kwe-iodine).
• Ukuba uneminyaka engaphezu kwama-60 ubudala , ingakumbi ukuba ungumfazi.
• Ukuba sele ufumene unyango lwe-radiation entloko okanye entanyeni ngaphambili.

Kwakhona, ukuba unesinye isifo sokuzikhusela komzimba , umngcipheko wakho wokuba nesifo se-thyroid uphezulu nangakumbi. Ingakumbi ukuba unenye yezi meko zilandelayo:

• I-anemia eyingozi
• Uhlobo loku-1 lweswekile
• Isifo seCeliac
• Isifo sika-Addison (isifo sika-Addison - ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwe-adrenal)
• I-Lupus
• Irheumatoid arthritis
• Isifo sikaSjögren

Ungasixilonga njani isifo se-thyroid? (Ukuxilongwa)

Ukuba uneempawu zesifo se-thyroid, ugqirha wakho uza kuqala akubuze ngeempawu zakho, imbali yosapho lwakho, aze enze uvavanyo lomzimba. Ngeli xesha lovavanyo, ugqirha wakho uza kuvava i-thyroid gland yakho entanyeni yakho ukuze ajonge ukudumba okanye amaqhuma (ii-nodules).

Emva koko, ugqirha kuya kufuneka enze ezinye iimvavanyo ezininzi ze-thyroid ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa. Nazi:

• Uvavanyo lwegazi: Olu vavanyo lunokubonisa ukuba une-hypothyroidism okanye i-hyperthyroidism. Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zovavanyo lwegazi lwe-thyroid. Umzekelo, lujonga i-hormone evuselela i-thyroid (TSH) , amanqanaba e-hormone ye-T3 kunye ne-T4 , kunye nama-antibodies e-thyroid .
• Uvavanyo lokufota: Uvavanyo olufana ne -ultrasound ye-thyroid lunokunceda ugqirha wakho abone ukuba kukho na amaqhuqhuva okanye amaqhuqhuva kwi-thyroid gland yakho. Uvavanyo lokufota ngamayeza enyukliya olufana nokufunxwa kwe-thyroid kunye nokuskena lunokunceda ekuqinisekiseni ukuba amaqhuqhuva asebenza kakhulu.

Zinyangwa njani izifo ze-thyroid?

Unyango lwesifo se-thyroid luxhomekeke kuhlobo lwesifo onaso kunye nesizathu saso. Injongo ephambili kukubuyisela amanqanaba akho e-thyroid kwinqanaba elisempilweni.

Unyango lweHyperthyroidism:

Ukuba une-hyperthyroidism (imeko apho kukho iihomoni ezininzi kakhulu), kukho unyango olufana nolu:

• Amayeza e-antithyroid: Umzekelo , i-methimazole kunye ne -propylthiouracil . La mayeza ayayithintela i-thyroid gland ekwenzeni iihomoni.
• Unyango lwe-radioiodine - unyango lwe-radioactive iodine: Olu nyango lonakalisa iiseli ze-thyroid gland kwaye luzithintele ekuveliseni iihomoni ezigqithisileyo.
• Ii-Beta-blockers: La mayeza awayichaphazeli ngqo i-thyroid gland, kodwa anokunceda ukulawula ezinye iimpawu, ezifana nokubetha kwentliziyo ngokukhawuleza.
• Utyando: Njengonyango oluhlala luhleli, ugqirha wakho unokucebisa ukuba i-thyroidectomy isuswe ngotyando. Oku kuya kuyimisa ngokupheleleyo imveliso yeehomoni. Nangona kunjalo, kuya kufuneka uthathe iihomoni zokwenziwa endaweni ye-thyroid ubomi bakho bonke.

Unyango lwe-Hypothyroidism:

Ukuba une-hypothyroidism (imeko apho i-thyroid yakho ingasebenzi kakuhle), unyango oluphambili ngamayeza okutshintsha i-thyroid hormone . Oku kubandakanya ukongeza ii-thyroid hormones ngokungekho mthethweni emzimbeni wakho. Elinye lamayeza aqhelekileyo anikwa ngoogqirha yi -levothyroxine .

Ngaba isifo se-thyroid sisifo esinzulu?

Isifo se-thyroid sinokuchaphazela iindawo ezininzi zomzimba wakho kunye nempilo yakho. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba ulandela isicwangciso sonyango esifanelekileyo kwaye ulawula imeko, ayisoloko iyinto embi kakhulu.

Nangona kunjalo, ukuba isifo se-thyroid asifunyaniswanga okanye asinyangwa ngokufanelekileyo , sinokukhokelela kwiingxaki ezahlukeneyo.

Iingxaki ezinokwenzeka ngenxa ye-hyperthyroidism enganyangwanga:

• I-Atrial fibrillation ( ukubetha kwentliziyo okungahambelaniyo)
• Istroke
• Ukusilela kwentliziyo okubangelwa kukunganyamezelani ( isifo sentliziyo)
• I-Osteoporosis ( ukuncitshiswa kwamathambo)

Iingxaki ezinokwenzeka ngenxa ye-hypothyroidism enganyangwanga:

• Iingxaki zeemvakalelo , ezifana nokudakumba.
• I-peripheral neuropathy (umonakalo kwimithambo-luvo esemalungeni)
• Umngcipheko okhulayo wesifo sentliziyo kunye nokuhlaselwa yintliziyo .
• Ukungazali .
• I-Myxedema coma : Le yingxaki esongela ubomi ngequbuliso, ebangelwa yi-hypothyroidism enzima.

Ngaba kunokwenzeka ukuba uphile ubomi obuqhelekileyo xa unesifo se-thyroid?

Isifo se-thyroid sihlala sisifo esihlala ixesha elide . Oku kuthetha ukuba kuya kufuneka usilawule rhoqo. Oku kufuna amayeza emihla ngemihla. Ugqirha wakho uya kujonga unyango lwakho aze enze naluphi na utshintsho olufunekayo ekuhambeni kwexesha.

Kungathatha ixesha ukufumana isicwangciso sonyango esifanelekileyo sokulawula amanqanaba akho eehomoni. Nangona kunjalo, ngokuqhelekileyo kunokwenzeka ukuba uphile ubomi obuqhelekileyo nobukhululekileyo xa unesifo se-thyroid.Okufunekayo kukulandela iingcebiso zonyango ngononophelo.

Ngaba isifo se-thyroid singathintelwa?

Isifo se-thyroid sidla ngokuba nzima ukusithintela . Oku kungenxa yokuba izifo ezininzi ze-thyroid zinxulunyaniswa nezizathu zemfuza kunye/okanye zibangelwa ziingxaki zenkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela. Asinakuzithintela ezi zinto.

Nangona kunjalo, iingxaki ze-thyroid ezibangelwa yi -iodine eninzi okanye encinci kakhulu ngamanye amaxesha zinokuthintelwa. Ukuba unemibuzo malunga nokufumana i-iodine enempilo, thetha nogqirha wakho.

Ufanele uye nini kugqirha malunga nesifo se-thyroid?

Ukuba uneempawu ze-hypothyroidism okanye i-hyperthyroidism, okanye ukuba ubona naluphi na utshintsho kwimbonakalo ye-thyroid gland yakho entanyeni yakho (njengokudumba), kubalulekile ukubona ugqirha . Kubalulekile ukufumana uxilongo kwaye uqale unyango.

Kwakhona, ukuba uyazi ukuba ilungu losapho lwakho linesifo se-thyroid, xelela ugqirha wakho ngaso. Isifo se-thyroid singangena kwiintsapho. Ukuba ukhe waba neempawu zesifo se-thyroid, kunokuba kubalulekile ukwazi imbali yosapho.

Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya

Nangona isifo se-thyroid sisifo esiqhelekileyo, akukho nto yokoyika. Iindaba ezimnandi zezokuba sinokulawulwa kakuhle ngamayeza kunye nolunye unyango.

• I-thyroid yindlala emile okwebhabhathane entanyeni yakho. Iihormone eziveliswa yiyo zilawula izinto ezininzi emzimbeni wakho.
• Ukuba iihomoni ziyancipha, kuthiwa yi -hypothyroidism , kwaye ukuba ziyanda, kuthiwa yi -hyperthyroidism .
• Ukuba uneempawu ezifana nokudinwa, ukutshintsha kobunzima bomzimba, kunye nokungaphumli, isenokuba yingxaki ye-thyroid.
• Oku kunokubonwa ngovavanyo lwegazi.
• Ukuba ufumana unyango olufanelekileyo, ungaphila ubomi obuqhelekileyo.
• Ukuba uneempawu zesifo se-thyroid, okanye ukuba unezinto ezinokubangela umngcipheko, thetha nogqirha . Bakhona ukukunceda. Musa ukoyika, buza ukuba unemibuzo. Impilo yakho ifanelekile!

I- thyroid, izifo ze-thyroid, i-hypothyroidism, i-hyperthyroidism, i-goiter, iihomoni, i-thyroxine