Ngaba wakha wamiselwa amayeza akudala ngugqirha ngenxa yokudakumba okanye enye imeko? Isenokuba yenye ye-tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs). Nangona igama lisenokuvakala lisoyikisa, la mayeza aseluncedo kakhulu asetyenziswa kwiimeko ezininzi. Ke namhlanje, masithethe ngala mayeza e-TCA ngendlela elula neqondakala lula.
Ngamafutshane, zithini ezi tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs)?
Ii-tricyclic antidepressants, okanye ii-TCA ngamafutshane, luhlobo lwamayeza anceda ukulawula iimpawu zesifo sengqondo esibizwa ngokuba yi-major depression disorder . Nangona kunjalo, oogqirha kule mihla banika la mayeza kwezinye iimeko ngaphandle koxinzelelo nje.
Ezi TCA zaziyenye yeeklasi zokuqala zamayeza afunyenweyo ukunyanga uxinzelelo. Yiyo loo nto sizibiza ngokuba zi- "first-generation" medicines. Kodwa ngoku ekubeni amayeza amatsha nakhuselekileyo (afana nee-SSRIs) sele efumaneka ukunyanga uxinzelelo, oogqirha abanakukwazi ukunika ezi TCA njengamayeza okuqala okunyanga uxinzelelo.
La mayeza abizwa ngokuba yi "tricyclics" ngenxa yesakhiwo sawo seekhemikhali. Anezangqa ezintathu. Yiloo nto igama lithetha yona, akukho nto yokucinga ngayo.
Zeziphi iintlobo zamayeza ezikwiqela le-TCA?
La ngamanye amayeza aphambili e-TCA asetyenziswa eSri Lanka nakwihlabathi liphela, kunye namagama awo eempawu. Jonga ukuba amayeza anikwe ngugqirha wakho angomnye wawo na.
| Igama eliqhelekileyo | Amagama eeMveliso aqhelekileyo |
|---|---|
| I-Amitriptyline | I-Elavil®, iVanatrip® |
| I-Amoxapine | I-Asendin® |
| I-Desipramine | I-Norpramin® |
| I-Doxepin | I-Silenor®, i-Sinequan® |
| I-Imipramine | I-Tofranil®, iTofranil-PM® |
| I-Nortriptyline | I-Aventyl®, iPamelor® |
| I-Protriptyline | I-Vivactil® |
| I-Trimipramine | I-Surmontil® |
| I-Clomipramine | I-Anafranil® |
Ukongeza, iyeza le-TCA iClomipramine (Anafranil®) lisetyenziswa ngokukodwa ukunyanga imeko ebizwa ngokuba yi -obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) .
Ziziphi iimeko ezisetyenziselwa amayeza e-TCA?
La mayeza avunyiwe kakhulu ukunyanga ukudakumba. Kodwa njengoko benditshilo ngaphambili, oogqirha kule mihla abawaniki kuqala ukudakumba. Kuphela ukuba amanye amayeza amatsha (afana nee-SSRI) angasebenzi, mhlawumbi i-TCA ingaqalwa. Kuba kukho amaxesha apho la mayeza amadala asebenza ngcono kunamayeza amatsha kwabanye abantu.
Nangona kunjalo, ii-TCA ngoku zithandwa kakhulu ekunyangeni izifo ngaphandle kwezo zivunyiweyo. Oku sikubiza ngokuba kukusetyenziswa "okungekho kwileyibhile" . Oko kukuthi, nangona iyeza lingazange livunywe yi-Food and Drug Administration kweso simo, uphando lwezonyango lubonise ukuba iyeza liluncedo kweso simo.
Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba, ungaze usebenzise olu hlobo lweyeza kuyo nayiphi na into oyifunayo ngaphandle kwemvume kagqirha.
Nazi ezinye iindlela zokusebenzisa ii-TCA "ezingekho kwileyibhile":
- Ukuthintela iintloko ezibuhlungu: Kwabo baphathwa ziintloko ezibuhlungu rhoqo, eli yeza linceda ekulawuleni ukwenzeka kwazo.
- Ukungalali: Ezinye ii-TCA, xa zinikwa ngeedosi eziphantsi, zinokukunceda ulale ngcono.
- Iingxaki zokuxhalaba: Ezi zikwasetyenziselwa ukulawula iimeko ezahlukeneyo zokuxhalaba.
- Iintlungu ezingapheliyo: Le yenye yezona ndlela ziphambili zokusetyenziswa kwe-TCAs namhlanje. Zisebenza ngakumbi kwiintlungu ze-neuropathic . Umzekelo:
- I-neuropathy enxulumene nesifo seswekile
- I-postherpetic neuralgia (intlungu eyenzeka emva kwe-chickenpox)
- Imeko ye-Fibromyalgia
- Ukuchama Ebhedini: Eli yeza ngamanye amaxesha linikwa ngeedosi eziphantsi ukulawula ukuchama ebusuku ebantwaneni.
Yintoni umahluko phakathi kwamayeza amatsha (ii-SSRI) kunye nala mayeza amadala (ii-TCA)?
Zombini ziindidi zamayeza anyanga ukudakumba. Kodwa kukho umahluko obalulekileyo. Ungakuqonda oku ngokulula ngokujonga itheyibhile engasezantsi.
| Uphawu | Ii-Tricyclic Antidepressants (TCAs) | IiSelective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs) |
|---|---|---|
| Isizukulwana | Iziyobisi zesizukulwana sokuqala (ezindala). | Amayeza esizukulwana sesibini (amatsha). |
| Imiphumela | Ziphezulu kakhulu kwaye ezinye zazo zinokuba lukhuni kancinci. | Iphantsi kakhulu kwaye ikwinqanaba elinokunyamezeleka. |
| Umngcipheko wokusebenzisa kakhulu i-overdose | Iphezulu kakhulu. Ukusela kakhulu kunokuba yingozi ebomini. | Incinci. Ikhuselekile kakhulu kuneTCA. |
| Eyona nto isetyenziswa kakhulu (namhlanje) | Kwiimeko ezifana neentlungu ezingapheliyo, iintloko ezibuhlungu, kunye nokungalali. | Kwizifo ezibangelwa kukudandatheka kunye nokuxhalaba. |
Eli yeza le-TCA lisebenza njani emzimbeni?
Kulula kakhulu ukuyiqonda le nto. Iiseli zemithambo-luvo ezikwingqondo yethu zisebenzisa iikhemikhali ezibizwa ngokuba zii-neurotransmitters ukuthumelana imiyalezo. Njengabathunywa beposi. Ezimbini kwezi neurotransmitters zibaluleke kakhulu ekulawuleni iimvakalelo zethu. Ziyi -norepinephrine kunye ne -serotonin .
Kwiimeko ezifana nokudakumba, amanqanaba ezi khemikhali engqondweni ayancipha. Amayeza e-TCA asebenza ngokunyusa amanqanaba e-norepinephrine kunye ne-serotonin engqondweni. Oku kuvumela unxibelelwano olungcono phakathi kweeseli zemithambo-luvo, kwaye kuphucula imeko-bume.
Abaphandi bafumanise nendlela la mayeza anciphisa ngayo iintlungu. Bathi la mayeza athintela imiqondiso yentlungu ukuba ingadluli kwi-spinal cord yethu iye engqondweni, nto leyo enciphisa ubuninzi beentlungu esizivayo.
Ndingalithatha njani eli yeza kwaye zithini iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga?
Ii-TCA zihlala zifumaneka njengeepilisi okanye iikhaphu. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthatha idosi echanekileyo echazwe ngugqirha wakho.
Ngenxa yomngcipheko ophezulu wokusebenzisa la mayeza ngokugqithisileyo, oogqirha bahlala beqala ngedosi ephantsi kangangoko. Emva koko, ukuba kuyimfuneko, bayayinyusa kancinci kancinci idosi. Ungaze utshintshe idosi ngokwakho ngaphandle kwengcebiso kagqirha wakho.
Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga eziqhelekileyo
Njengazo zonke amayeza, le ineziphumo ebezingalindelekanga. Kodwa ayinguye wonke umntu ozifumanayo. Abanye abantu banokufumana enye okanye ezimbini, ngelixa abanye besenokungabi nazo.
| Uhlobo lwesiphumo esibi | Inkcazo |
|---|---|
| Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga eziqhelekileyo |
|
| Ezinye iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezinokubakho |
Ukuba ukhathazwa zezi ziphumo ebezingalindelekanga, thetha nogqirha wakho ngaphandle kokuyeka amayeza. Zisenokukwazi ukulawulwa ngokutshintsha idosi okanye ngokusebenzisa enye indlela.
Ngubani omele alumke ngakumbi ngamayeza e-TCA?
Oogqirha balumkile kakhulu xa benika abanye abantu eli yeza. Ukuba unayo nayiphi na kwezi meko, ngokuqinisekileyo kufuneka uxelele ugqirha wakho ngaphambi kokuba uqalise eli yeza.
- Ukuba unesifo sentliziyo: Amayeza e-TCA anokwenza ezinye izifo zentliziyo zibe mandundu, ngoko ugqirha wakho unokuyalela i-electrocardiogram (EKG) ukujonga ukusebenza kwentliziyo yakho ngaphambi kokuba uqalise amayeza.
- Ukuba unesifo sokuwa: Eli yeza linokuwonyusa kancinci umngcipheko wakho wokuwa.
- Ukuba ukhulelwe okanye uceba ukukhulelwa: Amayeza e-TCA awakhuselekanga kakhulu ngexesha lokukhulelwa. Ezinye izifundo zifumanise ukuba anokuchaphazela umntwana ongekazalwa. Ngoko ke qiniseka ukuba uthetha nogqirha wakho ngale nto.
Isilumkiso esibaluleke kakhulu
Kwezinye iimeko, abantwana abangaphantsi kweminyaka engama-25 ubudala, abantwana abancinci, kunye nabantu abadala abaselula banokuziva becinga okanye beziphatha ngendlela yokuzibulala xa beqala ukusebenzisa eli yeza, ingakumbi kwiiveki ezimbalwa zokuqala.
Ukuba wena okanye umntwana wakho ninezi ngcinga, fowunela ugqirha oninike amayeza ngokukhawuleza ngaphandle kokulibazisa. Okanye yiya kwiSebe leNgxamiseko (ETU) lesibhedlele esikufutshane.
Ngaba kunokwenzeka ukuba udlule amayeza e-TCA?
Ewe, unako. Enyanisweni, phakathi kweentlobo zemithi yokudakumba emiselweyo, ii-TCA zezona qela lamayeza anomngcipheko ophezulu wokusebenzisa kakhulu. Yiyo loo nto ungafanele uthathe ngaphezu komlinganiselo omiselwe ngugqirha wakho.
Ukugqithisa amayeza kunokwenzeka ngempazamo, ngokungazi, okanye ngabom. Ngoko ke gcina amayeza akho ngokukhuselekileyo kude nabantwana kunye nezilwanyana zasekhaya.
Iimpawu zokugqithisa
- Ukuphazamiseka kwentliziyo (utshintsho kwisingqisho)
- Uxinzelelo lwegazi luyehla kakhulu
- Ukozela kakhulu
- Ukuxhuzula
- Iingxolo
- Ukudideka
- I-Coma
Ukugqithisa i-TCA yingxaki yezonyango . Ingabulala ukuba ayinyangwa ngokukhawuleza. Ukuba unesikrokro sokuba oku kuye kwenzeka kuwe okanye komnye umntu, yiya kwiSebe lezeMpilo eziNgxamisekileyo (ETU) lesibhedlele esikufutshane. Ukuba kuyimfuneko, ungatsalela umnxeba iZiko loLwazi lweeTyhefu leSizwe kwiSibhedlele sikaZwelonke saseColombo ukuze ufumane ingcebiso.
Uthetha nini nogqirha
Ukuba usebenzisa amayeza e-TCA, kubalulekile ukuba uhlale unxibelelana nogqirha wakho rhoqo. Qiniseka ukuba uthetha nogqirha wakho ukuba unenye yezi meko zilandelayo:
- Ukuba iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zikukhathaza kakhulu: Ukuba uziva ngathi "oku kukhulu kakhulu ukuba ungakuthwala," xelela ugqirha wakho.
- Ukuba iimpawu zakho aziphucuki okanye azibi mandundu: Ukuba akukho phuculo emva kweeveki ezi-4 okanye ukuba iimpawu zibonakala zisiba mandundu, xelela ugqirha wakho.
- Ukuba ucinga ngokuyeka amayeza: Ungaze uyeke ukuwasebenzisa ngequbuliso. Ukwenza njalo kunokubangela iimpawu zokurhoxa. Ukuba uyeka, yenza oko njengoko ugqirha wakho ekuyalele, wehlise kancinci kancinci umthamo.
Nangona eli yeza lidala, liluncedo kakhulu xa lisetyenziswa ngokuchanekileyo . Ngoko ke, ukuba unemibuzo, uloyiko, okanye amathandabuzo malunga neli yeza, buza ugqirha wakho ngalo. Ukulungele kwaye uzimisele ukukunceda.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Nangona ii-TCA ziludidi oludala lwamayeza aphuhliswe ekuqaleni ukunyanga ukudakumba, zisasetyenziswa ngempumelelo nanamhlanje kwiimeko ezininzi, ezinje ngeentlungu ezingapheliyo kunye ne-migraines.
- Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zala mayeza zinzima kancinci kunezamayeza amatsha, kwaye umngcipheko wokusebenzisa ngokugqithisileyo uphezulu kakhulu.
- Landela idosi ngqo njengoko ugqirha wakho ekuyalele. Ungaze utshintshe idosi ngokwakho okanye uyeke ukuthatha iyeza ngequbuliso.
- Ukuba uneemeko ezifana nesifo sentliziyo, isifo sokuwa, okanye ukhulelwe, qiniseka ukuba uxelele ugqirha wakho ngaphambi kokuba uqale amayeza.
- Ukusela i-TCA ngokugqithisileyo yimeko engxamisekileyo esongela ubomi. Ukuba ukrokrela, yiya kwicandelo lezonyango ezingxamisekileyo (ETU) elikufutshane nawe ngoko nangoko.
- Ukuba unemibuzo malunga namayeza, ungoyiki ukubuza ugqirha wakho.
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